Browsing Scholarly Works, Department of Dairy Science by Title
Now showing items 21-40 of 47
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Extract Methods, Molecular Characteristics, and Bioactivities of Polysaccharide from Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
(MDPI, 2019-05-27)The polysaccharide isolated from alfalfa was considered to be a kind of macromolecule with some biological activities; however, its molecular structure and effects on immune cells are still unclear. The objectives of this ... -
Frequency of off-targeting in genome edited pigs produced via direct injection of the CRISPR/Cas9 system into developing embryos
(2019-05-06)Background The CRISPR/Cas9 system can effectively introduce site-specific modifications to the genome. The efficiency is high enough to induce targeted genome modifications during embryogenesis, thus increasing the efficiency ... -
Functional and gene network analyses of transcriptional signatures characterizing pre-weaned bovine mammary parenchyma or fat pad uncovered novel inter-tissue signaling networks during development
(2010-05-26)Background The neonatal bovine mammary fat pad (MFP) surrounding the mammary parenchyma (PAR) is thought to exert proliferative effects on the PAR through secretion of local modulators of growth induced by systemic hormones. ... -
The genetic and biological basis of feed efficiency in mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows
(2017-11)The objective of this study was to identify genomic regions and candidate genes associated with feed efficiency in lactating Holstein cows. In total, 4,916 cows with actual or imputed genotypes for 60,671 single nucleotide ... -
Graduate Student Literature Review: Potential mechanisms of interaction between bacteria and the reproductive tract of dairy cattle
(2020-11)Although the presence of bacteria has been characterized throughout the reproductive tracts of multiple species, how these bacteria may interact with the host has yet to be described. Previous reviews have described how ... -
Hepatic Metabolic, Inflammatory, and Stress-Related Gene Expression in Growing Mice Consuming a Low Dose of Trans-10, cis-12-Conjugated Linoleic Acid
(Hindawi, 2012-09-02)Dietary trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid (trans-10, cis-12-CLA) fed to obese and nonobese rodents reduces body fat but leads to greater liver mass due to steatosis. The molecular mechanisms accompanying such ... -
Higher plane of nutrition pre-weaning enhances Holstein calf mammary gland development through alterations in the parenchyma and fat pad transcriptome
(2018-12-11)Background To reduce costs of rearing replacement heifers, researchers have focused on decreasing age at breeding and first calving. To increase returns upon initiation of lactation the focus has been on increasing mammary ... -
Increasing energy and protein use efficiency improves opportunities to decrease land use, water use, and greenhouse gas emission from dairy production
(2016)The objectives of this study were to construct a farm-scale diet optimization model to identify opportunities to reduce land use, water use, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions within dairy production systems and to assess ... -
Metagenomic Analysis of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Dairy Cow Feces following Therapeutic Administration of Third Generation Cephalosporin
(PLOS, 2015-08-10)Although dairy manure is widely applied to land, it is relatively understudied compared to other livestock as a potential source of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) to the environment and ultimately to human pathogens. ... -
Modeling fatty acids for dairy cattle: Models to predict total fatty acid concentration and fatty acid digestion of feedstuffs
(2020-08)Development of predictive models of fatty acid (FA) use by dairy cattle still faces challenges due to high variation in FA composition among feedstuffs and fat supplements. Two meta-analytical studies were carried out to ... -
Optimizing diet and pasture management to improve sustainability of U.S. beef production.
(2014)System sustainability balances environmental impact, economic viability and social acceptability. Assessment methods to investigate impacts of enterprise management and consumer decisions on sustainability of beef cattle ... -
Performance and income over feed costs when feeding alfalfa or grass hays and corn or wheat grains to high-producing dairy cows
(2020-10)Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the production performance, nutrient digestibility, and income over feed cost (IOFC) of high-producing dairy cows consuming diets containing alfalfa or grass hays with ... -
Physically adjusted neutral detergent fiber system for lactating dairy cow rations. I: Deriving equations that identify factors that influence effectiveness of fiber
(2017-12)Physically effective neutral detergent fiber (peNDF) is the fraction of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) that stimulates chewing activity and contributes to the floating mat of large particles in the rumen. Multiplying dietary ... -
A Potential Role for Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in the Development of Insulin Resistance in Horses
(MDPI, 2012-05-02)Understanding the mechanisms involved in the development of insulin resistance in horses should enable development of effective treatment and prevention strategies. Current knowledge of these mechanisms is based upon ... -
Predictions of ruminal outflow of essential amino acids in dairy cattle
(2019-12)The objective of this work was to update and evaluate predictions of essential AA (EAA) outflows from the rumen. The model was constructed based on previously derived equations for rumen-undegradable (RUP), microbial (MiCP), ... -
Probiotic bacteria produce conjugated linoleic acid locally in the gut that targets macrophage PPAR gamma to suppress colitis
(Public Library of Science, 2012-02-21)Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) therapies are modestly successful and associated with significant side effects. Thus, the investigation of novel approaches to prevent colitis is important. Probiotic bacteria ... -
Reproductive performance of dairy farms in western Buenos Aires province, Argentina
(American Dairy Science Association, 2013-12)The objective of this study was to describe the reproductive performance of 23 grazing-based dairy farms from western Buenos Aires province in Argentina. The data set included data from the breeding season starting in May ... -
Ruminal volatile fatty acid absorption is affected by elevated ambient temperature
(2020-08-04)The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of short-term elevated ambient temperature on ruminal volatile fatty acid (VFA) dynamics and rumen epithelium gene expression associated with the transport and ... -
SESN2 negatively regulates cell proliferation and casein synthesis by inhibition the amino acid-mediated mTORC1 pathway in cow mammary epithelial cells
(Springer Nature, 2018-03-02)Amino acids (AA) are one of the key nutrients that regulate cell proliferation and casein synthesis in cow mammary epithelial cells (CMEC), but the mechanism of this regulation is not yet clear. In this study, the effect ... -
Sorption of estrogen to three agricultural soils from Virginia, USA
(American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2008)Land-applied manures and grazing livestock are sources of estrogens to the environment. Natural steroid estrogens such as 17 beta-estradiol (E2) in low concentrations (ng L(-1)) can adversely affect the reproductive health ...
