Climate change and rising populations are placing higher demands and larger constraints on the world’s resources. This PowerPoint describes the impacts of these challenges on agriculture, as well as adaptive and mitigative agricultural practices. Practices which conserve soil and water include forest riparian buffers, cover cropping, and agroforestry. In exploring agriculture’s role in mitigating climate, the presentation examines the effect of nitrogen fertilization on N2O global atmospheric pressure. A nitrogen index is established as a valuable tool for evaluating the impact of agricultural practices on emissions.