2024-03-28T19:57:57Zhttps://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/server/oai/requestoai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1034242021-05-22T07:21:37Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_9291
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Harlos, Annellie Rae
author
2021-05-20
Cycling is an increasingly popular mode of transportation and a preferred form of exercise worldwide. From 1990 to 2015, commuting via bicycle increased as much as four-fold in cities across North America and Europe. However, this increase in cycling is associated with an increase in cycling related fatalities and head injuries. The best way to prevent severe head injury while cycling is to wear a bike helmet. Bike helmets are designed to decrease the linear acceleration of the head, decreasing the rider's risk of severe head injuries, such as skull fracture. In order to sell a bike helmet, it must meet a minimum standard of protection based on linear acceleration of the head upon impact. However, bike helmet impacts are not completely linear in nature and experience a tangential component through angled impacts of the helmet, resulting in rotational accelerations and shear-strain at the skull-brain interface. This strain cause brain injuries such as concussion. Therefore, recent helmet advancements have aimed to decrease rotational acceleration of the head. To continue the advancement of helmet technology and the subsequent decrease of brain injury risk to riders, investigating the impact conditions of real-world impacts is pertinent. This thesis aimed to increase the current body of knowledge of cycling related head impacts. The first aim was to quantify real-world impact locations and analyze how impact location may influence helmet performance. The second aim of this thesis was to investigate the impact velocities and resulting kinematics of real-world crashes based on the magnitude of corresponding damage conditions. Additionally, this aim analyzed the impact conditions from cases which resulted in concussion. Together these studies aim to provide valuable real-world data to be used for the advancement of helmet technologies and design.
vt_gsexam:30343
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/103424
injury biomechanics
concussion
bike helmet
kinematics
Quantifying the Characteristics of Real-World Bicycle Helmet Impacts
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/866962020-10-13T17:44:42Zcom_10919_91436com_10919_5532col_10919_97333
00925njm 22002777a 4500
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2007
This newsletter provides updates on activities, events, and educational programs at the Hahn Horticulture Garden.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/86696
6
1
https://www.hort.vt.edu/hhg/newsletters/2007_Summer.pdf
Garden Leaflet, Summer 2007
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/597092020-10-09T20:52:18Zcom_10919_86184com_10919_11358col_10919_86187
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Elliott, Jean
author
2006-09-29
Dan Brown has made some colorful (and controversial) historical claims in his The Da Vinci Code - claims only stoked by the recent release of the Da Vinci movie, starring Tom Hanks and directed by Ron Howard.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/59709
College of Liberal Arts and Human Sciences
Faculty Examine the real and the imagined in The Da Vinci Code
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/525172020-10-08T16:24:34Zcom_10919_18732com_10919_19035com_10919_5539col_10919_52364
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Fox, Edward A.
author
Khandeparker, Ashwin S.
author
2012-11-28
This module covers the basic concepts of Web crawling, policies, techniques and how these can be applied to Digital Libraries.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52517
http://curric.dlib.vt.edu/modDev/modules/Module_Crawling.2012-11-28.pdf
Computer science
Digital libraries
Web crawling
Web policies
Crawling
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1172222024-03-12T15:59:32Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24217com_10919_5539col_10919_70873col_10919_24292
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Kim, Sunwook
author
Moore, Albert
author
Ojelade, Aanuoluwapo
author
Gutierrez, Nancy
author
Harris-Adamson, Carisa
author
Barr, Alan
author
Srinivasan, Divya
author
Nussbaum, Maury A.
author
2023-10-25
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) remain an important heath concern for construction workers. Occupational exoskeletons (EXOs) are a new ergonomic intervention to control WMSD risk, yet their adoption has been low in construction. We explored contributing factors to EXO use-intention, by building a decision tree to predict the intention to try an exoskeleton using responses to an online survey. Variable selection and hyperparameter tuning were used respectively to reduce the number of potential predictors, and for a better prediction performance. Performance was assessed using four common metrics. The importance of variables in the final tree was calculated to understand which variable had a greater influence. The final tree had moderate prediction performance. Important variables identified were associated with opinions on EXO use, demographics, job demands, and perceived potential risks. The key influential variables were EXOs becoming standard equipment and fatigue reduction with EXO use. Practical implications of the findings are discussed.
2169-5067
https://hdl.handle.net/10919/117222
https://doi.org/10.1177/21695067231192932
Kim, Sun Wook [0000-0003-3624-1781]
Nussbaum, Maury [0000-0002-1887-8431]
Ojelade, Aanuoluwapo [0000-0001-9715-3254]
1071-1813
Exoskeletons
Construction
A data-driven approach to understand factors contributing to exoskeleton use-intention in construction
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/112362022-02-22T18:55:24Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_11041
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Liu, Sixin
author
2000-05-02
Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis (DC.) E.O. Speer f. sp. tritici E'm. Marchal (syn. Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici), is one of the major diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide. The use of cultivars with resistance to powdery mildew is an efficient, economical and environmentally safe way to control powdery mildew. Race-specific resistance has been extensively used in breeding programs; however, it is ephemeral. Adult plant resistance (APR) to powdery mildew is more durable as demonstrated by the cultivar Massey, which has maintained its APR to powdery mildew since its release in 1981. To develop an efficient breeding strategy, it is essential to understand the genetic basis of APR. The objectives of this study were to identify molecular markers associated with APR to powdery mildew in common wheat Massey and to verify their association using recombinant inbred (RI) lines.
A cross was made between the powdery mildew susceptible cultivar Becker and Massey. One hundred and eighty F2:3 lines were rated for disease severity under natural pressure of powdery mildew in field. Using both restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and microsatellite markers, three quantitative trait loci (QTL), designated as QPm.vt-1B, QPm.vt-2A and QPm.vt-2B, were identified in the Becker x Massey F2:3 generation. These loci are located on chromosomes 1B, 2A and 2B, respectively, and explained 17%, 29% and 11% of the total variation among F2:3 lines for powdery mildew resistance, respectively. Cumulatively, the three QTLs explained 50% of the phenotypic variation among F2:3 lines in a multi-QTL model. The three QTLs associated with APR to powdery mildew were derived from Massey and displayed additive gene action. QPm.vt-2B also fits a recessive model for APR to powdery mildew.
In the second part of this study, 97 RI lines were developed from the Becker x Massey cross. The RI lines were evaluated for APR to powdery mildew under natural disease pressure for three years. Both single marker analysis and interval mapping confirmed the presence of the three QTLs identified in the F2:3 generation. The three QTLs, QPm.vt-1B, QPm.vt-2A and QPm.vt-2B, accounted for 15%, 26% and 15% of the variation of mean powdery mildew severity of the RI lines over three years. In a multi-QTL model, the three QTLs explained 44% of the phenotypic variation of the RI lines. The RI lines were grouped according to the genotype of the three QTLs, represented by markers GWM304a, KSUD22 and PSP3100, respectively. The RI lines with Massey alleles at all three loci had a mean disease severity of 3.4%, whereas the RI lines with Becker alleles at all three loci had a mean disease severity of 22.3%. These severity values are similar to those of the corresponding parents.
The molecular markers identified and verified as to their association with APR to powdery mildew in Massey have the potential for use in marker-assisted selection for resistance to powdery mildew and in pyramiding powdery mildew resistance genes, as well as facilitating a better understanding of the molecular basis of APR to powdery mildew.
etd-121999-232244
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/11236
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-121999-232244
Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici
Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici
wheat
RFLP
SSR
QTL
adult plant resistance
Molecular marker analysis of adult plant resistance to powdery mildew in common wheat
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/910742020-09-25T20:33:37Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_9291
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Ashayeri, Diane L.
author
1987
This study investigated the effects of ionic strength, pH, gum concentration, and protein type on protein - xanthan gum interactions. Commercial soy sauce and tamari sauce as well as model systems of soy protein isolate and whey protein concentrate were the sources of protein used for evaluation with xanthan gum.
Preliminary research indicated that when either soy sauce or tamari sauce were mixed with xanthan gum, stable solutions with notable viscosity synergisms resulted. The soy protein and whey protein systems were subsequently prepared with a range of 0 to 5% added sodium chloride. Results indicated that an equilibrium existed between proteins and xanthan gum such that increased sodium chloride initially increased solution stability; but when in excess, the sodium chloride led to a loss of protein - xanthan gum solution solubility and in some cases to precipitation. Precipitation was also noted at the pH extremes of 2,3, and 9 and when xanthan gum was present in excess, or at 0.25%.
The effects of sodium chloride, protein type, and pH on the rheological parameters of model solutions were also examined. Higher sodium chloride levels yielded greater viscosity synergisms. Those solutions made.with intact protein were generally higher in apparent viscosity than similar solutions made with hydrolyzed protein. Solutions at pH 5 were generally higher in viscosity than were similar solutions at pH 7.
Several factors that appeared to affect the stability, solubility, and the rheological parameters of protein - xanthan gum solutions were sodium chloride concentration, gum concentration, pH, and protein type.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/91074
Soy protein-xanthan gum interaction:stability and rheology
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1080872022-02-03T08:31:26Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_11041
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Taheri Hosseinabadi, Sayedsina
author
2022-02-01
With the integration of renewable and distributed energy resources (DER) and advances in metering infrastructure, power systems are undergoing rapid modernization that brings forward new challenges and possibilities, which call for more advanced learning, analysis, and planning tools. While there are numerous problems present in the modern power grid, in this work, this work has addressed four of the most prominent challenges and has shown that how the new advances in generation and metering can be leveraged to address the challenges that arose by them. With regards to learning in power systems, we first have tackled power distribution system topology identification, since knowing the topology of the power grid is a crucial piece in any meaningful optimization and control task. The topology identification presented in this work is based on the idea of emph{prob-to-learn}, which is perturbing the power grid with small power injections and using the metered response to learn the topology. By using maximum-likelihood estimation, we were able to formulate the topology identification problem as a mixed-integer linear program. We next have tackled the prominent challenge of finding optimal flexibility of aggregators in distribution systems, which is a crucial step in utilizing the capacity of distributed energy resources as well as flexible loads of the distribution systems and to aid transmission systems to be more efficient and reliable. We have shown that the aggregate flexibility of a group of devices with uncertainties and non-convex models can be captured with a quadratic classifier and using that classifier we can design a virtual battery model that best describes the aggregate flexibility. For power system analysis and planning, we have addressed fast probabilistic hosting capacity analysis (PHCA), which is studying how DERs and the intermittency that they bring to the power system can impact the power grid operation in the long term. We have shown that interconnection studies can be sped up by a factor of 20 without losing any accuracy. By formulating a penalized optimal power flow (OPF), we were able to pose PHCA as an instance of multiparametric programming (MPP), and then leveraged the nice properties of MPP to efficiently solve a large number of OPFs. Regarding planning in power systems, we have tackled the problem of strategic investment in energy markets, in which we have utilized the powerful toolbox of multiparametric programming to develop two algorithms for strategic investment. Our MPP-aided grid search algorithm is useful when the investor is only considering a few locations and our MPP-aided gradient descent algorithm is useful for investing in a large number of locations. We next have presented a data-driven approach in finding the flexibility of aggregators in power systems. Finding aggregate flexibility is an important step in utilizing the full potential of smart and controllable loads in the power grid and it's challenging since an aggregator controls a large group of time-coupled devices that operate with non-convex models and are subject to random externalities. We have shown that the aggregate flexibility can be accurately captured with an ellipsoid and then used Farkas' lemma to fit a maximal volume polytope inside the aforementioned ellipsoid. The numerical test showcases that we can capture 10 times the volume that conventional virtual generator models can capture.
vt_gsexam:33664
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/108087
Topology Identification
Strategic Inestment
Probabalistic Hosting Capacity Analysis
Aggregate Flexibility
Fast and Scalable Power System Learning, Analysis, and Planning
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/403912022-02-22T19:58:14Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_11041
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Gunn, Reamous Jr.
author
1999-09-14
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of conflict resolution training on the number and severity of discipline referral offenses committed by high school students in one urban school.
Effectiveness was measured by the number and severity of student discipline referrals to the school administration. Additionally, data were gathered and analyzed regarding student perceptions following application of conflict resolution training. The population (N=155) consisted of black and white students in grades nine through 12 who had previously received conflict-related discipline referrals. The samples (n=32) were selected using simple random sampling. Identified students were randomly assigned to one of two groups (treatment v. control). The treatment group received twelve hours of conflict resolution training. In addition, a four hour follow-up training session was conducted 60 days later. The control group did not receive training. Both quantitative and qualitative methodologies were used to determine the effects of conflict resolution training in this study. The independent variables were conflict resolution training, gender, and eligibility. The dependent variables were number of referrals and level of referrals. Data were collected from student discipline records and by conducting focus groups and individual interviews. The quantitative data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS-X). Two three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to test all hypotheses. When an alpha level of .05 was used, only the interaction between gender and eligibility was significant with respect to both the number and level of discipline referrals. Further analyses were conducted to "tease apart" the interactions.
In order to ascertain participants' perceptions of the effects of conflict resolution training, the qualitative data were content analyzed to record emerging themes. When the data were content analyzed, 10 themes emerged with respect to the participants' perceptions. These themes revealed that participants' perceptions were mostly positive. Participants reported that the training influenced positive changes in their own behavior and the behavior of others.
etd-120399-131826
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40391
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-120399-131826/
Discipline Referrals
Secondary Schools
Conflict Resolution
The Effects of Conflict Resolution Training on Students with Previous Discipline Referrals
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/156442020-10-02T12:48:33Zcom_10919_11335com_10919_25799col_10919_11385
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2012-03-12
prevails3T00048
S3L2T0048
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/15644
Card from the Layman Family in Buffalo, New York
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/640712020-09-25T18:19:48Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_9291
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Willey, Clarke R.
author
1922
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64071
The peach twig borer
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/499182023-11-28T04:59:09Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_11041
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Arenburg, Robert Thomas
author
1988
The nonlinear behavior of continuous-fiber-reinforced metal-matrix composite structures is examined using a micromechanical constitutive theory. Effective lamina and laminate constitutive relations based on the Aboudi micromechanics theory are presented. The inelastic matrix behavior is modeled by the unified viscoplasticity theory of Bodner and Partom. The laminate constitutive relations are incorporated into a first-order shear deformation plate theory. The resulting boundary value problem is solved by utilizing the finite element method. · Computational aspects of the numerical solution, such as the temporal integration of the inelastic strains and the spatial integration of bending moments are addressed. Numerical results are presented which illustrate the nonlinear response of metal matrix composites subjected to extensional and bending loads. Experimental data from available literature are in good agreement with the numerical results.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49918
Analysis of metal matrix composite structures using a micromechanical constitutive theory
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/368402020-09-28T12:58:01Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_9291
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Navarra, Kelly R.
author
1997-04-24
A new pressure-measurement technique which employs the tools of molecular spectroscopy has recently received considerable attention in the fluid mechanics community. Measurements are made via oxygen-sensitive molecules attached to the surface of interest as a coating, or paint. The pressure-sensitive-paint (PSP) technique is now commonly used in stationary wind-tunnel tests; this thesis presents the extension of the technique to advanced turbomachinery applications. New pressure- and temperature-sensitive paints (TSPs) have been developed for application to a state-of-the-art transonic compressor where pressures up to 2 atm and surface temperatures up to 140° C are expected for the first-stage rotor. PSP and TSP data has been acquired from the suction surface of the first-stage rotor of a transonic compressor operating at its peak-efficiency condition. The shock structure is clearly visible in the pressure image, and visual comparison to the corresponding computational fluid dynamics (CFD) prediction shows qualitative agreement to the PSP data.
etd-61597-17256
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36840
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-61597-17256/
Pressure-sensitive paint
turbomachinery
optical pressure measurement techniques
luminescence quenching.
Development of the Pressure-Sensitive-Paint Technique for Advanced Turbomachinery Applications
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/821372022-11-01T17:28:05Zcom_10919_112356com_10919_23261com_10919_5539com_10919_79468com_10919_78628col_10919_112357col_10919_79481
00925njm 22002777a 4500
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2013-02
This is the quarterly newsletter for the Center for Energy Harvesting Materials and Systems.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/82137
http://seb199.me.vt.edu/cehms/downloads/chronicles/
1
2
The CEHMS Chronicle, February 2013
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/535202023-11-28T04:59:07Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_11041
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Gramoll, Kurt C.
author
1988
This study consisted of two main parts, the thermoviscoelastic characterization of Kevlar 49/Fiberite 7714A epoxy composite lamina and the development of a numerical procedure to predict the viscoelastic response of any general laminate constructed from the same material. The four orthotropic material properties, S₁₁, S₁₂, S₂₂, and S₆₆, were characterized by 20 minute static creep tests on unidirectional ([0]₈, [10]₈, and [90]₁₆) lamina specimens. The Time-Temperature-Superposition-Principle (TTSP) was used successfully to accelerate the characterization process. A nonlinear constitutive model was developed to describe the stress dependent viscoelastic response for each of the material properties.
A new numerical procedure to predict long term laminate properties from lamina properties (obtained experimentally) was developed. Numerical instabilities and time constraints associated with viscoelastic numerical techniques were discussed and solved. The numerical procedure was incorporated into a user friendly microcomputer program called Viscoelastic Composite Analysis Program (VCAP), which is available for IBM ‘PC’ type computers. The program was designed for ease of use and includes graphics, menus, help messages, etc. The final phase of the study involved testing actual laminates constructed from the characterized material, Kevlar/epoxy, at various temperature and load levels for 4 to 5 weeks. These results were then compared with the VCAP program predictions to verify the testing procedure (i.e., the applicability of TTSP in characterizing composite materials) and to check the numerical procedure used in the program. The actual tests and predictions agreed, within experimental error and scatter, for all test cases which included 1, 2, 3, and 4 fiber direction laminates.
The end result of the study was the development and validation of a user friendly microcomputer program that can be used by design engineers in industry to predict thermoviscoelastic properties of orthotropic composite materials.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53520
Thermoviscoelastic characterization and predictions of Kelvar/epoxy composite laminates
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/390682023-08-13T19:27:16Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_11041
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Zeccolo, Peggy L.
author
1996
The nature, origin and validity of ethics for nursing administrators were studied using a historical design with analytical and conceptual methodologies. This was done for the purpose of clarifying those issues for the practical matter of ethical decision making for nursing administrators. Research in that area has been limited.
An extensive analysis of 491 ethical articles, published from 1900-1989 and classified as personal, professional and administrative ethics; an analysis of the nursing codes of ethics and registration laws; trends in case and statute law; as well as conceptual literature and research provided the base for the facts, reasoned arguments, conclusions, interpretations and recommendations. Validity control features, (e.g., primary sources, multiple types of sources, and historical comparisons of trends) were used to minimize internal and external criticisms, as well as ensure integrity. Inter-rater reliability (90%) was ascertained to establish the consistency of the classifications of the data for the sake of replication.
The results of this research supported the hypothesis that there is a distinctive nature to the ethics for nursing administrators, especially those employed in public organizations. This research also concluded that the ethic of the traditional staff nurse is inappropriate for nursing administrators. Less significant results and conclusions linked nursing administration with fresh ideas such as the public interest, public advocacy, public policy, constitutional competency, utilitarianism, and collective ethical decision making. A new model termed Collective Caring, was introduced as a more valid ethic. The Collective Caring Model has three major components (i.e., caring, cooperation and collectives) enhanced by utilitarianism. Collective Caring should be used to depersonalize the situation and integrate the values of the different collectives, as well as encourage utilitarianism, sharing, caring and cooperating for collective ethical decision making. Nursing administrators would be more critically aware of collective (e.g., public) values and more thoughtful about making ethical decisions. In addition, the effectiveness of the profession would be improved by clarifying and enhancing professional and collective relationships.
etd-08062007-094417
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39068
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08062007-094417/
The nature, origin, and validity of ethics for nursing administrators
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1055972022-12-01T02:27:35Zcom_10919_5523col_10919_5548
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Jamison, Kathleen
author
Bonnett, Erika
author
2021-02-01
Virginia 4-H Fashion Revue/Clothing Record
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/105597
https://resources.ext.vt.edu/contentdetail?contentid=2504&contentname=Virginia%204-H%20Fashion%20Revue%2FClothing%20Record
Virginia 4-H Fashion Revue/Clothing Record
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/809042022-12-01T03:11:18Zcom_10919_5523col_10919_5548
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Relf, Diane
author
Adler, Barry, 1952-
author
McDaniel, Alan, 1948-
author
1981-01
Provides a summary of a wide range of information concerning the culture, nutritional value, harvest, and storage of garlic.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/80904
Garlic
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/262112022-02-22T18:55:29Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_11041
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Zhang, Wenyan
author
2007-02-01
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid, AsA), an important primary metabolite of plants, functions as an antioxidant, an enzyme cofactor, and a cell-signaling modulator in a wide array of crucial physiological processes including biosynthesis of the cell wall, secondary metabolites and phytohormones, stress resistance, photoprotection, cell division, senescence, and growth. To identify genes that may regulate vitamin C levels in plants, about 3000 activation-tagged Arabidopsis lines were treated with ozone, which is a power oxidizing agent. Two mutants were selected for identification of potential genes involved in the regulation of vitamin C synthesis. A putative F-box gene, VCF1, and a purple acid phosphatase, AtPAP15, were identified for further characterization.
Two homozygous SALK T-DNA knockouts in the open reading frame (ORF) of VCF1 exhibited high tolerance to ozone when treated with 450 ppb for 3 hours and the AsA levels of these mutants were 2 to 3 fold higher than wild-type (wt) plants. Developmental studies, using RT-PCR, indicated that foliar expression of the VCF1 gene increased with plant age from 1 to 5 weeks, whereas AsA decreased during this same period. The expression of VCF1 was higher under a low-light condition in which AsA was reduced considerably. The AsA levels in two VCF1 overexpressing lines were only 50 to 70% of wt plants. These results suggested that the putative F-box gene functions as a negative regulator of leaf ascorbate content.
Overexpression of AtPAP15 with the CaMV 35S promoter resulted in up to 3-fold higher AsA levels than wt plants, where two independent SALK T-DNA insertion mutants in AtPAP15 had 50% less AsA than wt plants. Enzyme activity of bacterially expressed GST:AtPAP15 was greatest with phytate as a substrate indicating that AtPAP15 is a phytase. Phytase catalyzes hydrolysis of phytate (myo-inositol hexakisphosphate) to yield myo-inositol and free phosphate. Thus, AtPAP15 may regulate AsA levels by controlling the input of myo-inositol into this branch of AsA biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. AtPAP15 was expressed in all tested organs in wt plants and suggests that the enzyme may have functions other than phytate degradation during seed germination.
etd-02152007-110933
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26211
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-02152007-110933/
RT-PCR
GUS
TAIL-PCR
activation tagging
AtPAP15
VCF1
ascorbate
Arabidopsis
Identification and Characterization of Genes Involved in Regulation of Ascorbate Metabolic Pathway(s) in Arabidopsis thaliana
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/307092020-09-28T12:53:56Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_11041
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Read, Frederick R.
author
1997-05-19
The purpose of this study was to determine the value, if any, of a mentoring program for beginning U.S. Army Reserve Forces School instructors, specifically: how mentored and unmentored beginning instructors differ in their perception of a mentorship program, how do mentors improve, if at all, the beginner's instructional practice, how mentors assist the beginner's understanding of the school's operating procedures, and how formally and informally mentored instructors differ in their perception of a mentorship program. Army Reserve instructors teaching the Command and General Staff Course (CGSOC) and the Combined Arms Services Staff Course (CAS3), were the subjects for this study. The total population of 267 instructors was surveyed by questionnaire, 217 (81.3%) usable responses were received. ANOVA and t-test statistic calculations showed a significant difference between the mean responses of instructors with a formal mentor and those with an informal or no mentor. Instructors with formal mentors strongly agree that mentorship is beneficial to beginners and should be part of an induction program. Formal mentors helped improve practice through observation, feedback, counseling, and direct assistance. Instructors with formal mentors state they were provided an orientation into administrative, logistical, and standard operating procedures. Finally, the formally mentored group report they were helped to become better instructors, guided in professional development, given a formal assessment of their instructional abilities, and provided materials to improve practice and maintain competence. The data appear to suggest that a formal mentorship program produces a more prepared beginning instructor.
etd-81297-152342
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30709
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-81297-152342/
induction
mentors
mentoring
The Perceived Value of Mentoring by Beginning Usarf Instructors With Formal, Informal and No Mentors
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/858212023-04-14T17:49:45Zcom_10919_23829com_10919_5553col_10919_23830
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Becker, Matthew H.
author
Harris, Reid N.
author
2010-06-04
Chytridiomycosis, caused by the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), is an infectious disease that causes population declines of many amphibians. Cutaneous bacteria isolated from redback salamanders, Plethodon cinereus, and mountain yellow-legged frogs, Rana muscosa, inhibit the growth of Bd in vitro. In this study, the bacterial community present on the skin of P. cinereus individuals was investigated to determine if it provides protection to salamanders from the lethal and sub-lethal effects of chytridiomycosis. When the cutaneous bacterial community was reduced prior to Bd exposure, salamanders experienced a significantly greater decrease in body mass, which is a symptom of the disease, when compared to infected individuals with a normal bacterial community. In addition, a greater proportion of infected individuals with a reduced bacterial community experienced limb-lifting, a behavior seen only in infected individuals. Overall, these results demonstrate that the cutaneous bacterial community of P. cinereus provides protection to the salamander from Bd and that alteration of this community can change disease resistance. Therefore, symbiotic microbes associated with this species appear to be an important component of its innate skin defenses.
e10957
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/85821
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010957
5
6
20532032
1932-6203
Cutaneous Bacteria of the Redback Salamander Prevent Morbidity Associated with a Lethal Disease
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/332312021-03-23T14:24:57Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_9291
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Heath, Shannon Raelene
author
2007-05-21
In the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, the duel of honor functioned as a formal recourse to attacks on a gentleman's reputation. Concurrently, many notable literary figures such as Samuel Johnson, William Gifford, Thomas Moore, and Lord Byron were involved in literary disputes featuring duels or the threat of physical violence, a pattern indicating a connection between authorship and dueling. This study explicitly examines this connection, particularly as it relates to social acceptance, the gentrification of authorship, and the business of publishing. The act of publishing, putting one's work into the public sphere for consumption as well as critique, created an acute sensitivity to issues of honor because publishing automatically broadcast insults or accusations of dishonorable conduct to the reading public.
This study requires a grounded discussion of complex, interconnected concepts, specifically: masculine identity, social hierarchy, and violence; satire; dueling; and authorship. Discussion moves from a foundational concern with violence and the assertion of social status, to the relationship between status and honor, to specific modes of defending honor, and finally to the attempt to establish authorship as an honorable profession. Although each of these quarrels exhibits physical violence or the threat of physical violence, these examples also exhibit verbal violence through satiric assaults or an exchange of verbal attacks and parries.
As professional writers struggled to overcome the stereotype of the literary hack and gain social respectability, dueling, with either lead or paper bullets, became a way for authors to defend and maintain the fragile social status they had gained.
etd-05252007-154850
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33231
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05252007-154850/
Wolcot
Byron
Moore
Jeffrey
Pindar
Gifford
Johnson
dueling
satire
Macpherson
“Paper Bullets of the Brain”: Satire, Dueling and the Rise of the Gentleman Author
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/798012023-11-29T12:45:35Zcom_10919_5557col_10919_24176
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
2016
This is the quarterly news magazine of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/79801
http://cnre.vt.edu/magazine/
CNRE News, Fall 2016
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/364522022-03-28T18:24:41Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_9291
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Constantine, Irene Elizabeth
author
2001-06-15
Architecture exists through human experience. As the product of the relationship between a building and a person, architecture gains meaning when it is viewed and contemplated by an individual moving throughout a building. Architecture simultaneously engages the body and mind of one who experiences it, and its intentions become visible through a continuous weaving of motion through situations that constitute a place. My thesis examines the interplay between architecture and human action.
Manifest in the following thesis are explorations of the institution of the museum. From its earliest forms to its present day forms, the museum has undergone many changes due to a number of influences. In this thesis I will look at the cultural dynamics that shape museums. Specifically, my critique will be through the lens of its cultural history, my own culturally based observations, and through a design: the demonstration.
One objective of this thesis is to revive the idea of the museum as a place of the muses, where the muses inspire those people who experience the place. I have selected Charleston and its historic setting for the project location of a Museum. This is a place where one might participate in a journey of initiation, education, and cultivation. Through design, I demonstrate a museum, which aims to initiate and encourage self-cultivation by one's experience of the objects in the museum and the space that surrounds the objects. It is perhaps through a perusal of objects contained without authoritative concepts applied that one may acquire knowledge and become inspired.
etd-12262007-155504
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36452
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12262007-155504/
matrix
institution
Hunley submarine
artifacts
Charleston
Architecture
muses
museum
Architecture and the Inspiration of the Museum
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/272502023-11-29T02:17:12Zcom_10919_5534com_10919_78363com_10919_5549col_10919_11041col_10919_82827
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Matovic, Dragan
author
2002-04-17
The primary objective of this study was to explore the relationship among various market structure constructs (consisting of barriers to entry, competition, growth, and market share) and their potential impact on financial performance. By applying theoretical underpinnings from the disciplines of marketing, strategy and industrial organization economics, and adapting them to the unique characteristics of the U.S. lodging industry, the above constructs were linked to produce the Lodging Market Structure (LMS) Model. The study consisted of a cross-sectional analysis using a sample of 67 well-recognized hotel brands operating in the U.S. (representing 63 percent of the national guestroom inventory), covering a four-year period between 1996 and 1999. Correlation and multiple regression analysis were used to examine the hypothesized relationships within the LMS model. This study represented the first comprehensive investigation of the competitive market structure of the U.S. lodging industry.
The key findings of the study indicate that the financial performance of hotel brands in the United States is strongly impacted by competitive market structure. Among the various market structure constructs studied, barriers to entry played the most dominant role in determining the level of financial performance of hotel brands. Based on a strong negative relationship, barriers to entry are very effective in reducing competition in the U.S. lodging industry. Also, of the constructs studied, barriers to entry had the greatest influence on enhancing the market share of incumbent hotel brands. The growth rate of those incumbent brands has a positive relationship with barriers to entry. As competition intensifies, the growth rate of hotel brands slows down. Increases in competition are negatively correlated with a brand's market share. Competition has a strong negative relationship with the financial performance of hotel brands. Market share improves as the growth rate of hotel brands increases. As the growth rate of brands increases, profitability also improves. Likewise, improvements in a hotel brand's market share are positively related to increases in profitability. Lastly, the U.S. lodging market is becoming more competitive, and the industry has reached the mature stage of its lifecycle.
etd-04252002-163659
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27250
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-04252002-163659/
financial performance
competition
market structure
lodging brands
The Competitive Market Structure of the U.S. Lodging Industry and its Impact on the Financial Performance of Hotel Brands
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/953542020-09-29T15:54:35Zcom_10919_24227com_10919_5532col_10919_87778
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
1945-05-02
General photo of TVA-John Deere multiple-use drill. Close-up of connection to tractor.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/95354
Applied Science
Agriculture
Virginia Extension - Project 10
Agricultural Engineering
Multiple Use Drill
Farm Implements
Farm Operating Equipment
Project 10 Image - VA Montgomery County - 1945-05-02
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/800462020-09-28T13:30:08Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_9291
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Toomhirun, Sontichai
author
1987
Residential demand is a large and important factor of the utility load during the system peak period. And the control of residential demand can make a significant change to the system load of the utility. This research is designed to study the residential end-use appliances under various direct load control schemes. These appliances are water heaters, air conditioners, and space heaters which are the major electrical demand of the residential load. The study will apply the LOADSIM, an Electrical Power Research Institute (EPRI) load simulation program, to conduct load control strategies of these residential appliances. The LOADSIM program can be applied both for cycling and shedding control strategies during a specified control period. In this study, the cycling control is done on an air conditioner and space heater. The water heating control is performed under shedding strategy.
The research has studied the appliance use of four house types under the same weather and control conditions. A total of 100,000 houses have been used in the study. These houses have the same dwelling and appliance characteristics but their house insulations are different. Diversity in house insulations gives different results in terms of load reduction and temperature change due to the load control. For example, a better-insulated house demands less electricity for its appliance than a low-insulated house. This study also uses the EPRl-LOADSIM program to estimate the load reduction and temperature change of each house type under the load control.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/80046
Study of residential demand for electricity as functions of load control schemes and dwelling characteristics
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/966262022-12-01T02:34:03Zcom_10919_5523col_10919_5548
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Porter, Marjorie A.
author
1970-09
Provides tips for buying nutritious food while still saving money.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/96626
Buying food
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/847212020-01-16T21:59:14Zcom_10919_91912com_10919_23198col_10919_91917
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
2013-12
This newsletter focuses each month on some aspect of faculty development, including tips, resources and various opportunities designed to support faculty
success at the Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine. In this issue: The Learning Environment (Part One).
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/84721
https://medicine.vtc.vt.edu/faculty-affairs/faculty-development/free.html
1
2
Faculty Resources for Educational Excellence (FREE) Newsletter, December 2013
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1020342022-06-14T20:51:34Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_11041
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Asgari, Elham
author
2019-08-02
In my dissertation, I examine varied types of knowledge and how they contribute to innovation generation and selection at both the firm and the industry level using the emerging industry context of small satellites. My research is divided into three papers. In Paper One, I take a supply-demand perspective and examine how suppliers of technology—with their unique knowledge of science and technology—and users of technology—with their unique knowledge of demand—contribute to innovation generation and selection over the industry lifecycle. Results show that the contributions of suppliers and users vary based on unique aspects of innovation, such as novelty, breadth, and coherence – and also over the industry life cycle. In Paper Two, I study how firms overcome science-business tension in their pursuit of novel innovation. I examine unique aspects of knowledge: scientists' business knowledge and CEOs' scientific knowledge. I show that CEOs' scientific knowledge is an important driver of firms' novel pursuits and that this impact is higher when scientists do not have business knowledge. In the third paper, I further examine how scientists with high technological and scientific knowledge—i.e., star scientists—impact firm innovation generation and selection. With a focus on explorative and exploitative innovation, I develop theory on the boundary conditions of stars' impact on firm level outcomes. I propose that individual level contingencies—i.e., stage of employment—and organizational level contingencies—explorative or exploitative innovation—both facilitate and hinder stars' impact on firms' innovative pursuits.
vt_gsexam:21901
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/102034
Innovation
Demand-Side Perspective
Industry Evolution
Scientific Knowledge
Business Knowledge
Small Satellite Industry
Topic Modeling
The Impact of Varied Knowledge on Innovation and the Fate of Organizations
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/808232022-12-01T03:11:16Zcom_10919_5523col_10919_5548
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Faiszt, James A.
author
1978-03
Describes the purposes of planting small flowering trees around your home. Provides a list of small trees that are readily available and can be grown under a wide range of cultural conditions.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/80823
Small Flowering Trees
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/974212023-11-29T02:11:38Zcom_10919_78363com_10919_5549col_10919_78369
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Honerkamp, Vincent
author
2020-03-12
This article examines the organization phenomenon of coercive acquaintance advertising, which is born of social media context and emerging in tourism and hospitality industry. Empirical results analyzing the multisource and time-lagged data collected from 358 travel agency employees provide general support for our hypotheses. Specifically, this article
finds that the practice of coercive acquaintance advertising leads employees to suffer from inter role conflict arising from being a worker and “friend” simultaneously on their personal social media networks, which in turn can affect their job performance, job satisfaction, and turnover intention. In addition, such mediation process can be strengthened by the
high-level of employee’s feedback sensitivity such that there is the moderated mediation mechanism in the relationships between coercive acquaintance advertising and employee work outcomes. The findings have theoretical and practical implications for researchers and practitioners.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/97421
advertising
Trapped as a Good Worker: The Influence of Coercive Acquaintance Advertising on Work Outcomes [Summary]
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/530472021-05-04T03:04:27Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_9291
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Dunay, Donna W.
author
1975
The work is divided into two parts, a verbal section and a visual section. The former is supportive, the latter is the main body of the work. Described, this thesis would be closer to a philosophy of design rather than a polemic or manifesto about design. Although it is concerned with the investigation of aesthetic qualities of single objects, within each project lies a universal concern, the struggle for order. The intent is to address the gap between art and daily life and through the design of the immediate environment bring about a more pleasurable and meaningful set of experiences.
The role of a designer is briefly discussed and the concept of always dealing with two as an approach to design is elaborated. But the important meaning of the work is succinctly expressed in a statement by David Jones, "There is no surrogate for being on the job." The designer must acknowledge the obligation not only to generate new ideas, but translate them into three dimensional realities.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53047
Too (2): offerings of small environments
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/987162020-06-04T07:24:02Zcom_10919_91912com_10919_23198col_10919_98494
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
2019-10
The e-TEACH Newsletter features highlights of many of our resources, as well as links to other leading educator websites. Each edition features timely information about hot topics and upcoming professional development opportunities.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/98716
38
https://www.teach.vtc.vt.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/e-TEACH-Oct-2019.pdf
e-TEACH Newsletter, October 2019
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/772952022-02-22T20:21:26Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_11041
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Pinto, Ameet John
author
2009-12-07
This study consists of three research phases. First, we developed corrective action strategies to mitigate the impact of calcium hypochlorite and cadmium pulse shocks for the Plum Island Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) in Charleston, SC. The corrective action strategies were developed in consultation with industrial consultants and operational personnel from the utility. These strategies were tested using a laboratory scale system, which was constructed and operated similar to the parent facility. Two corrective actions were tested for calcium hypochlorite, while only one strategy was tested for the cadmium at the laboratory scale. This study shows that no corrective action strategies are required for an acute hypochlorite stress. This is due to the fact that hypochlorite is highly reactive and dissipates rapidly on contact with the wastewater matrix, thus causing only low level process deterioration. In fact, implementation of corrective action strategies results in greater process deterioration as compared to the non-intervention approach. The corrective action tested for cadmium stress showed potential for reducing the peak impact of the toxin and allowed for faster process recovery as compared to the unstressed control.
For the second phase, the corrective actions were tested at a pilot scale facility operated at the Plum Island wastewater treatment plant. We tested two different corrective action strategies for cadmium, while only one strategy was tested for hypochlorite during the pilot scale study. Similar to the laboratory scale experiments, we conclude that no mitigative approaches are necessary for an acute hypochlorite stress. Additionally, the implementation of mitigative approaches for the pilot scale cadmium stress events resulted in greater process deterioration as compared to the non-intervention approach. In contrast to the laboratory scale experiments, theoretical effluent blending calculations showed that corrective actions may not reduce the impact of the cadmium stress. This was attributed to the lower intensity of process deterioration caused by the simulated cadmium stress. The pilot scale study shows that prior to implementing a corrective action strategy, the operator should determine the probable extent of process deterioration due to the detected chemical contaminant before deciding if a corrective action is needed. The pilot scale study also evaluated the effectiveness of current sensor technologies towards the upstream detection of influent anomalies and reliable monitoring of process performance during an upset event. Multivariate analysis on the rate of change of influent sensor signals was reliably able to detect the presence of both toxins tested during this study.
For the third phase of this research, we investigated the impact of cadmium stress on the structure and function of bioreactor microbial communities. We observed significant increases in post-stress heterotrophic and autotrophic bacterial respiration rates for the bioreactors subjected to cadmium stress. The higher respiration rates were due to an increase in bacterial abundance in the cadmium stressed reactors. We were also able to show that the increase in bacterial abundance was not due to changes in community structure or due to cadmium induced deflocculation. In fact, this study demonstrates that transient cadmium stress reduces predator abundance within the activated sludge community and this reduction in predator grazing was responsible for the increase in bacterial abundance. This research highlights the importance of higher life forms, specifically eukaryotic microorganisms, in regulating bacterial community dynamics in systems undergoing chemical perturbations.
etd-12212009-094300
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77295
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12212009-094300/
microbial community
hypochlorite
corrective action
sensors
cadmium
activated sludge
upset event
predator grazing
Upset Events At Wastewater Treatment Plants: Implications for Mitigative Strategy Development and Bioreactor Microbial Ecology
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/672802020-10-12T19:33:35Zcom_10919_5532col_10919_64847
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Aklilu, H. A.
author
Almekinders, C. J. M.
author
Udo, H. M. J.
author
Van der Zijpp, A. J.
author
2007
This study was conducted in three different locations to understand poultry consumption and marketing in relation to gender, socio-cultural events and market access in Tigray, Ethiopia. Qualitative and quantitative data was collected over a period of 12 months. Results show that market access was linked to shorter market chain and higher prices for the producers. The majority of producers and sellers are women, but men dominate the group of intermediaries. This is due to men's greater access to financial resources, market information, and ability to take risks. The sale and consumption per family member is between 25 to 66 percent higher in female-headed household compared to male-headed households. Women are more likely to have control over the money from their own sales than when men do the selling for them. According to previous studies women also tend to spend their money on family needs. Men tend to become more involved in selling poultry only when market access increases. Improving market access can improve poor households.
Tropical Animal Health and Production 39(3): 165-177
0049-4747
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/67280
Women
Markets
Gender
Local markets
Ethiopia
Methodology
Market access
Religious festivals
Village poultry
Households
Village poultry consumption and marketing in relation to gender, religious festivals and market access
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/753822022-12-01T02:34:18Zcom_10919_5523col_10919_5548
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Chase, Melissa W.
author
Brooks, Austin
author
Boyer, Renee R.
author
Rafie, Carlin
author
Carrington, Anne-Carter
author
2015-11-18
A factsheet for using cucumbers as a source of food, including quick tips for use and preparation and two recipes.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/75382
http://www.pubs.ext.vt.edu/HNFE/HNFE-320/HNFE-320-10/HNFE-320-10-pdf.pdf
Health & Nutrition
Eat Smart, Move More at Farmers Markets: Cucumbers
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/776132023-11-29T16:40:18Zcom_10919_10194col_10919_18655
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Bologna-Jill, Stephen
author
Duong, Kevin
author
Ha, Jason Yongjoo
author
Zurita, Jazmine
author
Sume, Tinsaye
author
Smith, Ryan
author
2017-04-28
This project provides users with a means to organize, graph, and analyze specific data recorded from Stroubles Creek. The website will be utilized by an Undergraduate Biological Systems Engineering class to help with their labs that deal with the health of Stroubles Creek.
Our team was designated with the task of improving a website that was created by a past Computer Science capstone team. The website we started with was barely functional and could not yet be used by the Undergraduate Biological Systems Engineering class. The website required many modifications in both the front end interface as well as the backend. Our team split up into three two-person groups based off of skill and desired learning objectives. These teams include a backend team, a front end user-interface team, and a data graphing team.
The main front-end improvements that were enacted on the website include a complete overhaul of the entire user-interface and the addition of a usable navigation bar that enables users to easily use all features of the website.
Backend improvements include major changes to the tables in the MySQL database as well as PHP functions that make utilizing the database extremely easy for the data graphing team. The changes made to the database tables allowed for a more straightforward representation of the data and enabled saving graphs for a specific experiment.
Most of the improvements were on the data graphing aspect of the website. Users are now able to analyze six years of data collected from Stroubles Creek. They can analyze this data by creating either line graphs or scatter plots of whatever specific creek data they want. The graphs provide users with the ability to see trends in creek health over the course of many years.
Currently, the website is ready to be used by Undergraduate Biological Systems Engineering classes. It provides all the functionality that our client required and does so in a clean, easy-to-use manner.
Even though the website is ready for use, there are still areas that can be improved upon. These areas include more graph options, easier ways to upload new data sets, graphing large amounts of data points, and the aesthetics of the graphs.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77613
Stroubles Creek
Experiments
website
graph
dataset
Fusality for Stream and Field
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/829202022-02-22T20:21:28Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_11041
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Arca, Hale Cigdem
author
2016-11-01
Amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) is a popular method to increase drug solubility and consequently poor drug bioavailability. Cellulose ω-carboxyesters were designed and synthesized specifically for ASD preparations in Edgar lab that can meet the ASD expectations such as high Tg, recrystallization prevention and pH-triggered release due to the free -COOH groups. Rifampicin (Rif), Ritonavir (Rit), Efavirenz (Efa), Etravirine (Etra) and Quercetin (Que) cellulose ester ASDs were investigated in order to increase drug solubility, prevent release at low pH and controlled release of the drug at small intestine pH that can improve drug bioavailability, decrease needed drug content and medication price to make it affordable in third world countries, and extent pill efficiency period to improve patient quality of life and adherence to the treatment schedule. The studies were compared with cellulose based commercial polymers to prove the impact of the investigation and potential for the application. Furthermore, the in vitro results obtained were further supported by in vivo studies to prove the significant increase in bioavailability and show the extended release.
The need of new cellulose derivatives for ASD applications extended the research area, the design and synthesis of a new class of polymers, alkyl cellulose ω-carboxyesters for ASD formulations investigated and the efficiency of the polymers were summarized to show that they have the anticipated properties. The polymers were synthesized by the reaction of commercial cellulose alkyl ethers with benzyl ester protected, monofunctional hydrocarbon chain acid chlorides, followed by removal of protecting group using palladium hydroxide catalyzed hydrogenolysis to form the alkyl cellulose wcarboxyalkanoate. Having been tested for ASD preparation, it was proven that the polymers were efficient in maintaining the drug in amorphous solid state, release the drug at neutral pH and prevent the recrystallization for hours, as predicted.
vt_gsexam:8931
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/82920
Cellulose esters
cellulose ether esters
Amorphous solid dispersions
structure-property relationship
anti-HIV
rifampicin
quercetin solubility enhancement
Cellulose Esters and Cellulose Ether Esters for Oral Drug Delivery Systems
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/550482020-01-28T22:02:02Zcom_10919_5523col_10919_5548
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Sanchez, Elsa
author
2008-09-10
In organic growing the philosophy behind soil fertility is to feed the soil and the soil in turn will feed the cash crop. Cover crops, green manures, animal manures and sound crop rotations are used to improve and/or maintain soil fertility. This article focuses on the use of green manures.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/55048
http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/2906/2906-1374/2906-1374_pdf.pdf
Soils
The Organic Way -- Selecting Green Manure Crops for Soil Fertility
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/827972022-01-05T16:38:23Zcom_10919_5523col_10919_5548
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Barton, Jo Anne
author
1964-04
Discusses making bread and provides recipes for various types of bread.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/82797
Making bread at home
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/785442023-06-16T13:00:22Zcom_10919_5523com_10919_91436com_10919_5532col_10919_5548col_10919_97229
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Behl, Harry D.
author
Thomason, Wade E.
author
Hokanson, Liz
author
2016-10-21
This report contains the results for performance trials from commercial corn hybrids produced for silage at four locations in Virginia in 2016 as well as two and three year average performance, when available. Multi-year yields are presented as a percentage of the total called relative yield at that particular site-year combination
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78544
http://www.pubs.ext.vt.edu/CSES/CSES-173/CSES-173-pdf.pdf
Grains
Virginia Tech Corn Silage Testing 2016
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/705132021-05-04T03:04:22Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_9291
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Gohain, Pradip Kumar
author
1968
Theoretical analysis and comparison of three basic digital data communication systems, namely, amplitude-shift keying (ASK), frequency-shift keying (FSK), and phase-shift keying (PSK), for both binary coded and M-ary coded transmissions are presented in this paper. The analysis is limited to only nonfading received signal in additive Gaussian noise. Both coherent and noncoherent detection schemes are considered. A symbol error-rate or probability of error is used as the performance criterion for comparison purpose.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/70513
Error-rates of digital signaling with coherent and noncoherent detections
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/598512020-10-09T20:52:40Zcom_10919_86184com_10919_11358col_10919_86187
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Douglas, Jeffrey S.
author
2006-12-20
For many, Christmas is a time to count your blessings, appreciate the love of family and friends and reach out to others.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/59851
Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine
Holiday blessings for a boy and his dog
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/832352021-08-18T13:17:27Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_9291
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Holmes, David Alexander
author
2018-05-16
Cross-centerline crashes occur rarely in the United States but are especially severe. This type of crash is characterized by one vehicle departing over a centerline and encountering a vehicle traveling in the opposite direction. In recent years, automakers have started developing and implementing lane departure warning (LDW) on newer vehicles. This system provides the potential to reduce or significantly impact the frequency of cross-centerline crashes. The objective of this thesis was to estimate the potential crash and injury benefits of a LDW system if installed on every vehicle in the US fleet.
This research includes the following 1) a characterization of cross-centerline crashes in the United States today with current and future prevention methods, 2) a reconstruction methodology used for all crashes including rollovers and heavy vehicles, and 3) a simulation model and approach method used to estimate potential benefits of LDW systems on cross-centerline crashes.
Cross over to left crashes account for only 4% of non-junction non-interchange crashes but account for 44% of serious injury crashes of the same type. As part of this research, 42 cross-centerline crashes were reconstructed and simulated as if they had a LDW system installed. Accounting for driver capability to react to a LDW alert, crash reduction benefits ranged from 22 – 30%.Using injury risk curves, the probability of experiencing a MAIS2+ injury in a cross-centerline crash was reduced by 29% when using a LDW system.
vt_gsexam:15225
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/83235
active safety
car crashes
lane departure warning
The Effect of Lane Departure Warning Systems on Cross-Centerline Crashes
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/885052023-11-29T19:29:15Zcom_10919_5540col_10919_25336
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Feerrar, Julia
author
Miller, Rebecca K.
author
2015-10
As instructors for many core undergraduate courses, graduate teaching assistants (GTAs) are important university library partners in learning and information literacy. But as novice teachers and budding scholars themselves, GTAs have their own unique needs. How can librarians support GTAs and other new academics in their teaching and learning roles?
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/88505
Student, teacher, and partner: Understanding and supporting the many roles of graduate teaching assistants
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/103552023-11-29T18:57:50Zcom_10919_85650com_10919_5540col_10919_88463
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Rorer, Sarah Tyson Heston
author
1914
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/10355
Diet in disease
Cooking for the sick
Mrs. Rorer's Diet for the Sick; Dietetic Treating of Diseases of the Body
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/647362021-04-15T17:10:38Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_11041
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Altizer, Carol Jane
author
1977
The purpose of this exploratory research study was to investigate, both theoretically and experimentally, the hypothesis that the manipulation of concrete materials can contribute substantively to the learning of the operation of multiplication of polynomials and its inverse, factorization, in children who are in eighth-grade pre-algebra mathematics classes. The study involved a comparison of the achievement of students who used manipulatives to learn how to multiply and factor polynomials with the achievement of those who did not use manipulatives to learn to operate on the polynomials. The instructional material designed for use by both treatment groups was based on the theory of learning developed by this writer. It was theorized that as students use manipulatives to learn mathematical concepts the actions performed upon the concrete materials would be abstracted or internalized in the mind as operations.
The study involved four teachers and 173 students from two middle schools in the Pulaski County School System, Pulaski, Virginia. The means and standard deviations of the students' scores on both the immediate posttest and retention test were compared as well as inferences made from the data using several analyses of covariance. The Orleans-Hanna Algebra Prognosis Test served as the pretest for this study.
The F ratios from the analyses of covariance conducted on the immediate posttest scores from Experiment I indicated that (1) using the total population of students, there was no statistical difference in mean scores between the manipulative and nonmanipulative groups (p = 0.385); (2) using only Teacher A's students, there was no statistical difference in mean scores between the manipulative and nonmanipulative groups (p = 0.609); and (3) using only Teacher B's students, there was a marginal difference in mean scores between the manipulative and nonmanipulative groups (p = 0.071), favoring the nonmanipulative group.
The F ratios from analyses of covariance conducted on the retention test scores from Experiment I indicated that (1) using the total population of students, there was a statistical difference in mean scores between the manipulative and nonmanipulative groups (p < 0.005), favoring the manipulative groups; (2) using only Teacher A's students, there was a statistical difference in mean scores between the manipulative and nonmanipulative groups (p < 0.009), favoring the manipulative group; (3) using only Teacher B's students there was no statistical difference in mean scores between the manipulative and the nonmanipulative groups (p = 0.241). However, the mean score of Teacher B's manipulative group was higher than the mean score of his nonmanipulative group.
The study was replicated (Experiment II) immediately following Experiment I in two classes taught by Teacher D.* The F ratio from an analysis of covariance conducted on the immediate posttest scores indicated that there was no statistical difference in mean scores between the manipulative and nonmanipulative groups (p = 0.762). The F ratio from an analysis of covariance conducted on the retention test scores indicated that there was no statistical difference in mean scores between the manipulative and nonmanipulative groups (p = 0.143). However, the mean score of the manipulative group was higher than the mean score of the nonmanipulative group.
In summary, there are implications from these findings that the manipulation of concrete materials by students does aid the learning of the mathematical transformation of multiplication of polynomials and its inverse, factorization. This was especially evident for retention of the operations. These findings support the theory of learning conceptualized for this study.
*Teacher C was omitted from the analyses of the data since she taught only a manipulative group.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64736
The role of manipulatives in learning to multiply and factor polynomials
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/731612024-03-12T15:59:53Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24211com_10919_5553col_10919_70873col_10919_24287
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Schwabl, Franz
author
Täuber, Uwe C.
author
1995
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73161
13
Phase transitions: renormalization and scaling
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/956162020-09-29T15:57:46Zcom_10919_24227com_10919_5532col_10919_87778
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
1905-04-26
View up W-III draw - camera located on apron of gaging station. Note that strips have not yet been established at top of hill adjacent to R-II.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/95616
Applied Science
Agriculture
Virginia Extension - Project 10
Agricultural Engineering
Watershed
Water Runoff
Soil and Water Conservation
Project 10 Image - VA Montgomery County - 1905-04-26
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/623382020-10-09T20:59:37Zcom_10919_86184com_10919_11358col_10919_86187
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Elliott, Jean
author
2009-09-11
The LGBT faculty-staff caucus at Virginia Tech will host best-selling author Dorothy Allison as the speaker for the 5th annual Gay in Appalachia event on Friday, Sept. 18 at 7 p.m. in the Squires Studio Theatre.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/62338
College of Liberal Arts and Human Sciences
Fifth annual Gay in Appalachia event to feature Dorothy Allison
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/357532020-09-28T12:19:02Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_9291
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Hu, Yongxuan
author
2001-11-19
The High-Intensity-Discharge Lamps (HID), consisting of a broad range of gas discharge lamps, are notable for their high luminous efficacy, good color rendering, and long life. Metal halide lamps have the best combination of the above properties and are considered the most ideal light sources. Recently, there has been an emerging demand to replace the conventional halogen headlamps with the newly introduced small-wattage metal halide HID lamps. However, this lamp demands a highly efficient ballast and very complex control circuitry that can achieve fast turn-on and different regulation modes during the lamp start-up process.
Due to the complex lamp v-i profile and timing control requirements, control circuit built with conventional analog control is unavoidably cumbersome. With the unparalleled flexibility and programmability, digital control shows more advantages in this application. An automotive HID ballast with digital controller is developed to demonstrate the feasibility of the digital control along with some key issues in digital controller selection and design. Results show that the microcontroller-based HID ballast can successfully realize the required control functions and achieve a smooth turn-on process and a fast turn-on time of 8 seconds.
One of the major issues of ballast design is the ballast/HID lamp system stability, which originates from the lamp negative incremental impedance. The lamp small-signal model is presented with simulation and measurements. The negative incremental impedance is attributed to a RHP zero in the small-signal model. A new analysis approach, impedance ratio criterion, is proposed to analyze the system stability. With this approach, it clearly shows how the control configurations and converter and control design affect the system stability. The results can provide guidance and be easily used in control configuration selection and converter and control design. Analysis shows that ballast based on PWM converter without inner current loop is unstable and with inner current loop can stabilized the system. This is the reason why for a microcontroller-based ballast system the inner current loop has to be used.
HID lamp has its special acoustic resonance problem and thus a low-frequency unregulated full-bridge is used following the front-end DC/DC converter. To prevent from lamp re-igniting during each bridge commutation, a minimum current changing slope has to be guaranteed. In order to help design the converter, the ballast/lamp re-ignition analysis is presented. With this analysis, it shows that the output capacitance has to be small enough to ensure adequate current slope during zero crossing. Though some approximation is used to simplify the analysis, the results can provide qualitative guidance in the ballast design.
etd-11192001-150026
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35753
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-11192001-150026/
HID Lamp
Ballast
Small-Signal Model
Analysis and Design of High-Intensity-Discharge Lamp Ballast for Automotive Headlamp
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/661452020-09-15T19:28:25Zcom_10919_5532col_10919_64847
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Henson, J. B.
author
Dollahite, J. W.
author
Bridges, C.
author
Rao, R. R.
author
1965
Widespread skeletal myodegeneration in cattle was associated with a disease syndrome characterized by an afebrile course, abnormally dark red urine, incoordination, recumbency, and death. The plants Cassia occidentalis or Cassia obtusifolia grew in the pastures and has been grazed by affected cattle, and appeared to have caused the disease.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 147(2): 142-145
0003-1488
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/66145
Grazing
Cattle
Cassia
Obtusifolia
Myodegeneration
Field Scale
Myodegeneration in cattle grazing Cassia species
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/296032020-09-25T20:51:20Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_11041
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Witt, Kathy
author
2011-11-01
In the early 1970s, Henry County, Virginia experienced rapid growth but by the late 1970s the population began to decline. In 1982, talks of building a new high school to consolidate two smaller high schools began with the school to be built on the North Carolina boarder. Between 1993 and 2003 approximately 10,523 jobs were lost in Henry County. At this time Henry County operated 20 public schools. In 2000, Dr. Sharon Dodson became the superintendent of Henry County. She was hired to make schools more efficient by using the best available spaces and closing facilities in need of structural repair. In 2001 the school board voted to close three schools but the board of supervisors refused necessary funding for consolidation. During the 2003/04 school year, the school board had no other choice but to revisit the idea of consolidation. In the fall of 2004, reconfiguration occurred which eliminated four facilities with a fifth building closing in the spring of 2008. Today, Henry County operates 14 schools.
This study examined the politics associated with the consolidation process in Henry County and closure of five facilities. The literature associated with consolidation concerning divisions and schools within a division was reviewed to provide context and better understanding of the consolidation process. Historical case study methods where employed to conduct the study. Data were collected from primary sources and interviews were handled qualitatively. Triangulation verification techniques were used to describe and verify consolidation events in Henry County. The findings express the issues and challenges faced and met by Henry County during consolidation. The events that led to school closings and some course offerings and programs are described. The findings indicate that consolidation can be successful even when some stakeholders reject the idea and plan of consolidation. Continued research in the field of consolidation could possibly benefit educational and community leaders considering reconfiguration within a school division. Additional research comparing the cost of operating a division before and after consolidation of schools may provide insights that educational and community members should consider before embarking on consolidation.
etd-11152011-123804
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29603
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-11152011-123804/
Consolidation and Per Pupil Cost
Consolidation in the Henry County Public School System
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/555592020-10-21T15:35:18Zcom_10919_5523col_10919_5548
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Huff, Arden N.
author
1976-08
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/55559
Virginia 4-H Horse Project. Horses Are Fun
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1077502022-08-01T12:39:26Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24235com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_24309
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Lopez, Lorena
author
Liburd, Oscar
author
2021-07
Florida (USA) is a major producer of squash, Cucurbita pepo L. (Cucurbitaceae), with approximated 16% of the US production in 2019, valued at about 35 million USD. Major insect pests, including the sweetpotato whitefly MEAM1, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), and the melon aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae), jeopardize plant development and transmit viruses of economic importance that can cause up to 50% yield loss in squash crops. Pesticides are generally used for insect management in squash, but the development of insecticide resistance and their non-target effects are major concerns. A combination of non-pesticidal approaches was evaluated, including intercropping flowering plants, augmentation, and conservation biological control to manage key pests in organic squash. Refugia increased natural enemies around the squash; however, only a few beneficial arthropods moved from the companion plants towards the squash plants. Whitefly densities and squash silverleaf ratings were reduced, whereas natural enemies were more abundant when the predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae) was released alone or together with sweet alyssum, Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv. (Brassicaceae). All companion plants used in this study increased natural enemies, but only African marigolds and sweet alyssum ultimately increased biological control activities.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/107750
Lopez, Lorena [0000-0003-3123-3715]
0501 Ecological Applications
0608 Zoology
0701 Agriculture, Land and Farm Management
Entomology
Can the introduction of companion plants increase biological control services of key pests in organic squash?
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/282972020-09-25T20:48:38Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_11041
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
El-Nainay, Mustafa Y.
author
2009-07-01
The heterogeneity and complexity of modern communication networks demands coupling network nodes with intelligence to perceive and adapt to different network conditions autonomously. Cognitive Networking is an emerging networking research area that aims to achieve this goal by applying distributed reasoning and learning across the protocol stack and throughout the network. Various cognitive node and cognitive network architectures with different levels of maturity have been proposed in the literature. All of them adopt the idea of coupling network devices with sensors to sense network conditions, artificial intelligence algorithms to solve problems, and a reconfigurable platform to apply solutions. However, little further research has investigated suitable reasoning and learning algorithms.
In this dissertation, we take cognitive network research a step further by investigating the reasoning component of cognitive networks. In a deviation from previous suggestions, we suggest the use of a single flexible distributed reasoning algorithm for cognitive networks. We first propose an architecture for a cognitive node in a cognitive network that is general enough to apply to future networking challenges. We then introduce and justify our choice of the island genetic algorithm (iGA) as the distributed reasoning algorithm.
Having introduced our cognitive node architecture, we then focus on the applicability of the island genetic algorithm as a single reasoning algorithm for cognitive networks. Our approach is to apply the island genetic algorithm to different single and cross layer communication and networking problems and to evaluate its performance through simulation. A proof of concept cognitive network is implemented to understand the implementation challenges and assess the island genetic algorithm performance in a real network environment. We apply the island genetic algorithm to three problems: channel allocation, joint power and channel allocation, and flow routing. The channel allocation problem is a major challenge for dynamic spectrum access which, in turn, has been the focal application for cognitive radios and cognitive networks. The other problems are examples of hard cross layer problems.
We first apply the standard island genetic algorithm to a channel allocation problem formulated for the dynamic spectrum cognitive network environment. We also describe the details for implementing a cognitive network prototype using the universal software radio peripheral integrated with our extended implementation of the GNU radio software package and our island genetic algorithm implementation for the dynamic spectrum channel allocation problem. We then develop a localized variation of the island genetic algorithm, denoted LiGA, that allows the standard island genetic algorithm to scale and apply it to the joint power and channel allocation problem. In this context, we also investigate the importance of power control for cognitive networks and study the effect of non-cooperative behavior on the performance of the LiGA.
The localized variation of the island genetic algorithm, LiGA, is powerful in solving node-centric problems and problems that requires only limited knowledge about network status. However, not every communication and networking problems can be solved efficiently in localized fashion. Thus, we propose a generalized version of the LiGA, namely the K-hop island genetic algorithm, as our final distributed reasoning algorithm proposal for cognitive networks. The K-hop island genetic algorithm is a promising algorithm to solve a large class of communication and networking problems with controllable cooperation and migration scope that allows for a tradeoff between performance and cost. We apply it to a flow routing problem that includes both power control and channel allocation. For all problems simulation results are provided to quantify the performance of the island genetic algorithm variation. In most cases, simulation and experimental results reveal promising performance for the island genetic algorithm.
We conclude our work with a discussion of the shortcomings of island genetic algorithms without guidance from a learning mechanism and propose the incorporation of two learning processes into the cognitive node architecture to solve slow convergence and manual configuration problems. We suggest the cultural algorithm framework and reinforcement learning techniques as candidate leaning techniques for implementing the learning processes. However, further investigation and implementation is left as future work.
etd-07142009-101727
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28297
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07142009-101727/
channel allocation
power control
flow routing
cognitive networks
island genetic algorithm
distributed reasoning and learning
dynamic spectrum access
Island Genetic Algorithm-based Cognitive Networks
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/795112020-10-15T20:39:31Zcom_10919_24253com_10919_5555com_10919_79468com_10919_78628col_10919_24327col_10919_79480
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Zanotti, Laura
author
Stephenson, Max O. Jr.
author
Schnitzer, Marcy H.
author
2015-03-25
The peacebuilding political rationality established in the first years of the current century broadened the target of such efforts from state institutions to populations and adopted an array of disciplinary and biopolitical techniques aimed at changing individuals and the ways they live together. This article explores international organization discourses on sport and peacebuilding and argues that the broad consensus on sport as a peacebuilding strategy is most fruitfully explored in light of the intensification of the biopolitical and disciplinary trajectories of the liberal peace.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/79511
https://doi.org/10.1080/13533312.2015.1017082
22
2
Biopolitical and Disciplinary Peacebuilding: Sport,
Reforming Bodies and Rebuilding Societies
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/869662022-07-05T18:51:32Zcom_10919_111117com_10919_111116com_10919_5555col_10919_111122
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Harrell, Sara
author
Coles, Ann
author
2015
The Hispanic population represents a significant portion of American society. With regard to postsecondary enrollment, this ethnic group will experience the largest growth among all racial and ethnic groups and grow by 27% between 2011 and 2022. In order to understand the role of the school counselor in preparing Latino and other underrepresented students for the transition to college, Excelencia in Education and NACAC conducted a national survey and observed counseling practices at six US high schools that were successfully supporting underrepresented populations during the college application process.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/86966
https://www.nacacnet.org/globalassets/documents/publications/research/excelencia.pdf
college application process
Latin American students
college enrollment
counseling in higher education
College Counseling for Latino and Underrepresented Students
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1008142020-11-11T08:10:24Zcom_10919_11358col_10919_97217
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
2020-11-04
In late spring of 2019, a group of faculty members, staff, and graduate students from across Virginia Tech’s colleges received a charge from Provost Cyril Clarke and Vice President and Dean for Graduate Education Karen P. DePauw: Conduct a comparative analysis of Virginia Tech’s research-based graduate education programs relative to peer land-grant universities across the nation and draft recommendations for further enhancement. This report details their findings.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/100814
https://graduateschool.vt.edu/content/dam/graduateschool_vt_edu/graduate-ed-task-force-report/final-getf-report-public-version-11-04-20.pdf
Report of the Graduate Education Task Force (GETF)
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1171912023-12-15T03:00:15Zcom_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_18738com_10919_5539col_10919_78882col_10919_23145
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Ambarkutuk, Murat
author
Alajlouni, Sa’ed
author
Tarazaga, Pablo A.
author
Plassmann, Paul E.
author
2023-11-21
This paper presents an occupant localization technique that determines the location of individuals in indoor environments by analyzing the structural vibrations of the floor caused by their footsteps. Structural vibration waves are difficult to measure as they are influenced by various factors, including the complex nature of wave propagation in heterogeneous and dispersive media (such as the floor) as well as the inherent noise characteristics of sensors observing the vibration wavefronts. The proposed vibration-based occupant localization technique minimizes the errors that occur during the signal acquisition time. In this process, the likelihood function of each sensor—representing where the occupant likely resides in the environment—is fused to obtain a consensual localization result in a collective manner. In this work, it becomes evident that the above sources of uncertainties can render certain sensors deceptive, commonly referred to as “Byzantines.” Because the ratio of Byzantines among the set sensors defines the success of the collective localization results, this paper introduces a Byzantine sensor elimination (BSE) algorithm to prevent the unreliable information of Byzantine sensors from affecting the location estimations. This algorithm identifies and eliminates sensors that generate erroneous estimates, preventing the influence of these sensors on the overall consensus. To validate and benchmark the proposed technique, a set of previously conducted controlled experiments was employed. The empirical results demonstrate the proposed technique’s significant improvement (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mover><mn>3</mn><mo stretchy="false">~</mo></mover></semantics></math></inline-formula>0%) over the baseline approach in terms of both accuracy and precision.
Ambarkutuk, M.; Alajlouni, S.; Tarazaga, P.A.; Plassmann, P.E. A Multi-Sensor Stochastic Energy-Based Vibro-Localization Technique with Byzantine Sensor Elimination. Sensors 2023, 23, 9309.
https://hdl.handle.net/10919/117191
https://doi.org/10.3390/s23239309
A Multi-Sensor Stochastic Energy-Based Vibro-Localization Technique with Byzantine Sensor Elimination
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/131112020-10-02T13:04:45Zcom_10919_11335com_10919_25799col_10919_11385
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
2012-03-12
prevails1B00579
S1L1B0579
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/13111
Banner from Northern Virginia Community College-Manassas Campus
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/925882020-10-16T21:18:16Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_11041
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Feng, Xuewen
author
2018-02-06
Development of fungicide resistance in fungal and oomycete pathogens is a serious problem in grape production. Quinoxyfen is a fungicide widely used against grape powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator). In 2013, E. necator isolates with reduced quinoxyfen sensitivity (designated as quinoxyfen lab resistance or QLR) were detected in Virginia. Field trials were conducted in 2014, 2015, and 2016 at the affected vineyard to determine to what extent quinoxyfen might still contribute to disease control. Powdery mildew control by quinoxyfen was good, similar to, or only slightly less, than that provided by myclobutanil and boscalid in all three years. The frequency of QLR in vines not treated with quinoxyfen declined only slowly over the three years, from 65% to 46%. Information about the mode of action of quinoxyfen is limited; previous research suggests that quinoxyfen interferes with the signal transduction process. We profiled the transcriptomes of QLR and sensitive isolates in response to quinoxyfen treatment, providing support for this hypothesis. Additional transcriptional targets of quinoxyfen were revealed to be involved in the positive regulation of the MAPK signaling cascade, pathogenesis, and sporulation activity. Grape downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola), another important grape pathogen, is commonly controlled by phosphite fungicides. A field trial and laboratory bioassays were conducted to determine whether P. viticola isolates from vineyards with suspected control failures showed reduced sensitivity against phosphite fungicides. Prophyt applied at 14-day intervals under high disease pressure provided poor downy mildew control in the field. Next-generation sequencing technologies were utilized to identify 391,930 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and generated a draft P. viticola genome assembly at ~130 megabase (Mb). Finally, field isolates of P. viticola collected from a Virginia vineyard with suspected mandipropamid control failure were bioassayed. The EC50 values of the isolates were >240 μg.ml-1 for mandipropamid, well above the field rate. The PvCesA3 gene of two resistant isolates was sequenced revealing that these isolates had a GGC-to-AGC substitution at codon 1105, the same mutation that has been found associated with CAA resistance elsewhere.
vt_gsexam:13603
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/92588
Erysiphe necator
Plasmopara viticola
grape powdery mildew
grape downy mildew
fungicide resistance
quinoxyfen
Prophyt
mandipropamid
RNA-seq
whole genome sequencing
single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)
Characterization of fungicide resistance in grape powdery and downy mildew using field trials, bioassays, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches: quinoxyfen, phosphite, and mandipropamid
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/813842020-09-28T18:24:54Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_11041
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Bonakdar, Mohammad
author
2016-06-29
Recent attempts to investigate living systems from a biophysical point of view has opened new windows for development of new diagnostic methods and therapies. Pulsed electric fields (PEFs) are a new class of therapies that take advantage of biophysical properties and have proven to be effective in drug delivery and treating several disorders including tumors. While animal models are commonly being used for development of new therapies, the high cost and complexity of these models along with the difficulties to control the electric field in the animal tissue are some of the obstacles toward the development of PEFs-based therapies. Microengineered models of organs or Organs-on-Chip have been recently introduced to overcome the hurdles of animal models and provide a flexible and cost-effective platform for early investigation of a variety of new therapies. In this study microfluidic platforms with integrated micro-sensors were designed, fabricated and employed to study the consequences of PEFs at the cellular level. These platforms were specifically used to study the effects of PEFs on the permeabilization of the blood-brain barrier for enhanced drug delivery to the brain. Different techniques such as fluorescent microscopy and electrical impedance spectroscopy were used to monitor the response of the cell monolayers under investigation. Irreversible electroporation is a new focal ablation therapy based on PEFs that has enabled ablation of tumors in a non-thermal, minimally invasive procedure. Despite promising achievements and treatment of more than 5500 human patients by this technique, real-time monitoring of the treatment progress in terms of the size of the ablated region is still needed. To address that necessity we have developed micro-sensor arrays that can be implemented on the ablation probe and give real-time feedback about the size of the ablated region by measuring the electrical impedance spectrum of the tissue.
vt_gsexam:8241
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/81384
Blood-brain barrier
Electroporation
Microfluidics
Drug delivery
Electrical impedance spectroscopy
Microdevices for Investigating Pulsed Electric Fields-Mediated Therapies at Cellular and Tissue Level
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/624442020-10-09T20:59:53Zcom_10919_86184com_10919_11358col_10919_86187
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Trulove, Susan
author
2009-10-22
In the course of doing research on the mosquito-borne pathogens chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and o' nyong-nyong virus (ONNV), Virginia Tech researchers have discovered an inconvenient truth about an assay, strand-specific quantitative real-time PCR (ssqPCR), increasingly being used to detect and measure replicating viral RNA in infected cells and tissues. The method most labs are using for ssqPCR is unreliable.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/62444
Research
Widely-used virus assay shown unreliable when compared to other methods
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/687242020-10-12T19:33:53Zcom_10919_5532col_10919_64847
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Bissett, M. J.
author
O'Leary, G. J.
author
1996
This paper reports on a study in Southeast Australia comparing water infiltration on two soil types (gray cracking clay and sandy loam) under two tillage systems - conservation tillage (zero and sub-soil, residues retained) and conventional tillage (frequently tined tillage, no surface residues). The objective of the study is to determine if conservation tillage increases the water infiltration rate on two different soils, with the hope of better explaining the mechanism for previously observed increases in soil water storage.
Australian Journal of Soil Research 34(2): 299-308
0004-9573
1446-568X
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/68724
https://doi.org/10.1071/SR9960299
Surface water
Soil management
Semiarid zones
Conservation tillage
Disc permeameter
Hydraulic conductivity
Soil water
Field Scale
Effects of conservation tillage on water infiltration in two soils in south-eastern Australia
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/733122020-09-28T13:51:14Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_11041
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Zheng, Hanguang
author
2015-04-29
Die-attachment, as the first level of electronics packaging, plays a key role for the overall performance of the power electronics packages. Nanosilver sintering has becoming an emerging solder-free, environmental friendly die-attach technology. Researchers have demonstrated the feasibility of die-attachment on silver (Ag) or gold (Au) surfaces by pressure-less or low-pressure (< 5 MPa) nanosilver sintering. This study extended the application of nanosilver sintering die-attach technique to copper (Cu) surface. The main challenge of nanosilver sintering on Cu is the formation of thick Cu oxide during processing, which may lead to weak joints. In this study, different processes were developed based on the die size: for small-area dice (< 5 * 5 mm2), different sintering atmospheres (e.g. forming gas) were applied to protect Cu surface from oxidation; for large-area dice (> 5 * 5 mm2), a double-print, low-pressure (< 5 MPa) assisted sintering process was developed. For both processes, die-shear tests demonstrated die-shear strength can reach 40 MPa.
The effects of different sintering parameters of the processing were analyzed by different material characterization techniques. With forming gas as sintering atmosphere, not only Cu surface was protected from oxidation, but also the organics in the paste were degraded with nanosilver particles as catalyst. External pressure applied in the processing not only increased the density of sintered Ag, but also enhanced the contact area of sintered-Ag/Cu interface. Microstructure of Ag/Cu interface were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Characterization results indicate that Ag/Cu metallic bonds formed at the interface, which verified the high die-shear strength of the die-attachment.
Thermal performance of nanosilver sintered die-attachment on Cu was evaluated. A system was designed and constructed for measuring both transient thermal impedance (Zth) and steady-state thermal resistance (Rth) of insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) packages. The coefficient of variation (CV) of Zth measurement by the system was lower than 0.5%. Lead-free solder (SAC305) was applied in comparison of thermal performance with nanosilver paste. With same sample geometry and heating power level, nanosilver sintered joints on Cu showed in average 12.6% lower Zth and 20.1% lower Rth than SAC305 soldered joints. Great thermal performances of nanosilver sintering die-attachment on Cu were mainly due to the low thermal resistivity of sintered-Ag and the good bonding quality.
Both passive temperature cycling and active power cycling tests were conducted to evaluate the reliability of nanosilver sintered joints on Cu. For passive temperature cycling tests (-40 - 125 C), the die-shear strengths of mechanical samples had no significant drop over 1000 cycles, and nanosilver sintered IGBT on Cu packages showed almost no change on Zth after 800 cycles. For active power cycling test (Tj = 45 - 175 C), nanosilver sintered IGBT on Cu assembly had a lifetime over 48,000 cycles. The failure point of the assembly was the detachment of the wirebonds. Great reliability performances of nanosilver sintered die-attachment on Cu were mainly due to the low mismatch of coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between sintered-Ag and Cu. Meanwhile, low inter-diffusion rate between Ag and Cu prevented the interface from the reliability issue related to Kirkendall voids, which often took place in tin (Sn) -based solder joints.
vt_gsexam:5067
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73312
Die-attachment
nanosilver sintering
copper
processing
characterization
reliability.
Die-Attachment on Copper by Nanosilver Sintering: Processing, Characterization and Reliability
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/660212020-10-12T19:31:37Zcom_10919_5532col_10919_64847
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Roe, E.
author
Huntsinger, L.
author
Labnow, K.
author
1998
In contrast to the view of pastoralism as being driven by risk aversion, new disequilibrium-based models of ecological dynamics on rangelands enable us to see pastoralism as what organization theorists term as high reliability institution. Such institutions seek and attain reliable peak performance by managing highly complex technologies to better manage risk. Nine features of high-reliability organizations are described and linked to published observations of pastoralist organization and practice. Although superficially similar, thinking of pastoralist objectives in terms of searching for reliability, rather than escaping from hazard, has important implications for interpreting pastoralist behavior, and for development policy. --co. 1998 Academic Press Limited
Journal of Arid Environments 39(1): 39-55
0140-1963
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/66021
https://doi.org/10.1006/jare.1998.0375
Vulnerability and risk
Over grazing
Livestock
Pastoralism
Risk aversion
International development
High reliability
Ecosystem
High reliability pastoralism
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/189192023-12-11T11:08:07Zcom_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_25796col_10919_18629col_10919_25797
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Torto-Alalibo, Trudy
author
Collmer, Candace W.
author
Lindeberg, Magdalen
author
Bird, David
author
Collmer, Alan
author
Tyler, Brett M.
author
2009-02-19
A wide diversity of plant-associated symbionts, including microbes, produce proteins that can enter host cells, or are injected into host cells in order to modify the physiology of the host to promote colonization. These molecules, termed effectors, commonly target the host defense signaling pathways in order to suppress the defense response. Others target the gene expression machinery or trigger specific modifications to host morphology or physiology that promote the nutrition and proliferation of the symbiont. When recognized by the host's surveillance machinery, which includes cognate resistance (R) gene products, defense responses are engaged to restrict pathogen proliferation. Effectors from diverse symbionts may be delivered into plant cells via varied mechanisms, including whole organism cellular entry (viruses, some bacteria and fungi), type III and IV secretion (in bacteria), physical injection (nematodes and insects) and protein translocation signal sequences (oomycetes and fungi). This mini-review will summarize both similarities and differences in effectors and effector delivery systems found in diverse plant-associated symbionts as well as how these are described with Plant-Associated Microbe Gene Ontology (PAMGO) terms.
BMC Microbiology. 2009 Feb 19;9(Suppl 1):S3
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/18919
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-9-S1-S3
Common and contrasting themes in host cell-targeted effectors from bacterial, fungal, oomycete and nematode plant symbionts described using the Gene Ontology
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/259182023-06-21T19:15:16Zcom_10919_18738com_10919_5539com_10919_24211com_10919_5553col_10919_23145col_10919_24287
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Kandas, Ishac L. N.
author
Zhang, Baigang
author
Daengngam, Chalongrat
author
Ashry, Islam
author
Jao, Chih-Yu
author
Peng, Bo
author
Ozdemir, Sahin K.
author
Robinson, Hans D.
author
Heflin, James R.
author
Yang, Lan
author
Xu, Yong
author
2013-09-01
With extremely low material absorption and exceptional surface smoothness, silica-based optical resonators can achieve extremely high cavity quality (Q) factors. However, the intrinsic material limitations of silica (e. g., lack of second order nonlinearity) may limit the potential applications of silica-based high Q resonators. Here we report some results in utilizing layer-by-layer self-assembly to functionalize silica microspheres with nonlinear and plasmonic nanomaterials while maintaining Q factors as high as 10(7). We compare experimentally measured Q factors with theoretical estimates, and find good agreement. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America
Ishac Kandas, Baigang Zhang, Chalongrat Daengngam, Islam Ashry, Chih-Yu Jao, Bo Peng, Sahin K. Ozdemir, Hans D. Robinson, James R. Heflin, Lan Yang, and Yong Xu, "High quality factor silica microspheres functionalized with self-assembled nanomaterials," Opt. Express 21, 20601-20610 (2013); doi: 10.1364/oe.21.020601
1094-4087
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/25918
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-21-18-20601
https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.21.020601
Whispering-gallery modes
Optical microcavities
Surfaces
Microresonators
Resonators
Adsorption
Scattering
Molecules
High quality factor silica microspheres functionalized with self-assembled nanomaterials
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/97102022-02-22T21:46:29Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_9291
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Warner, Sandra McCarthy
author
2000-09-19
The horizontal component of land subsidence is typically assumed to be negligible, although recently, theoretical simulations have shown that horizontal strain is significant. A field based investigation in Mesquite, NV, was undertaken from May to July, 2003, for the purpose of evaluating the significance of horizontal strain during an aquifer test. The hydraulic heads in the aquifer were monitored within a meter of the municipal pumping well used for the aquifer test and also at a distance of approximately 1,470 meters from the pumping well. Aquifer deformation in the horizontal and vertical directions were measured using GPS for the first 22 days of pumping in 10 different locations at radial distances from the well varying from 100 meters to 2500 meters. From 22 to 60 days of the aquifer test, the number of GPS stations monitoring deformation was reduced to five.
Radial displacement was measured at all monitoring stations during the aquifer test, indicating that the aquifer is moving closer to the pumping well. The greatest magnitude displacement measured 140 m from the well was approximately 10 mm at the land surface. A zone of radial compression occurred between the pumping well and the first monitoring station 140 m away from the pumping well. Vertical displacement was measured in decreasing magnitude with increasing distance from the well. Because GPS is not as precise a tool in the vertical direction as it is in the horizontal, the vertical signal of displacement is not as accurate.
Numerical simulations using the BIOT and IBS codes were performed to reproduce the aquifer test and land deformation. The model included six layers representing three hydrogeologic units: a bottom aquifer (four layers) in which pumping occurred , a top aquifer (one layer) in which the monitoring well was screened, and a semi-confining bed (one layer) between the two aquifers that represented an equivalent thickness of interbeds and clays layers. The Biot code was used to simulate radial and vertical movements in an axisymmetrical simulation, while the IBS code was used to simulate only vertical displacement but also provided for the simulation of elastic and inelastic storage and compression.
The vertical distribution of radial displacement was simulated using the BIOT code. At the onset of pumping, the greatest radial displacement occurred in the bottom aquifer in which pumping occurred. At a distance of 2,000 m from the well, the radial displacement was uniform over all depths indicating that the differences in hydraulic diffusivity are not as important a factor at distance from the well.
The change in porosity that occurred as a result of horizontal strain was greatest in the bottom aquifer. Using the strain calculated directly from the GPS measurements at the land surface, vertical strain comprised almost 99% of the volume strain at the land surface. However, when the strain was simulated over the entire aquifer system, the radial and hoop strain contributed more than vertical strain in the bottom aquifer at a radius of 100 m from the pumping well at the onset of pumping until the aquifer reached near equilibrium, at which time vertical strain again dominated.
etd-01262004-202558
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9710
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-01262004-202558
aquifer test
GPS
Muddy Creek
subsidence
horizontal deformation
Using GPS to Quantify Three Dimensional Storage and Aquifer Deformation in the Virgin River Valley, NV
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/872102020-09-25T20:33:18Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_9291
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Jones, Letitia Power
author
1982
As a consequence of new coal mining practices, coal preparation plants have been inundated with increased loads of coal and clay particles in their wastewaters. Traditionally, the industry has employed primary sedimentation as the fundamental treatment scheme for these sediment-laden blackwaters. This study was undertaken to determine the effects of a combination of coagulant addition and rapid mixing on the settleability of these particles. After initial testing, aluminum sulfate and two low molecular weight cationic polymers, Cyanamid Magnifloc 513C and Cyanamid 515C, were chosen as primary coagulants for use in this work. An artificial wastewater was prepared from finely powdered (62 to <38 microns) raw coal samples and tap water, after initial tests indicated that typical frothing and/or collector agents had no demonstrable effect on coagulant function. Initially determined optimum coagulant dosages, as well as flocculation and sedimentation times, were kept constant while rapid mix intensities were varied at G values of 330 sec⁻¹, 700 sec⁻¹, 2000 sec⁻¹ and 7000 sec⁻¹ for each sample. Using a combination of residual turbidity and particle size analyses to determine the effectiveness of each rapid mix intensity, it was discovered that only the highest mixing intensities and durations (G(t) values) caused floe disintegration due to overmixing. At the lower G(t) matrices floe formation and settleability was consistently good. When aluminum sulfate was used as a coagulant, the wastewater was tested at a high pH of 8.1 to 8.3 and a low pH of 5.5 to observe floe behavior under different conditions of coagulant mechanism. The test results were similar for both pH values except at the lowest mixing intensities where the high pH samples settled well, resulting in low residual turbidities, but the low pH samples had relatively high turbidities.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/87210
The effects of rapid mixing on the coagulation and sedimentation of ultra-fine coal and clay particles
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1167512023-12-05T01:57:44Zcom_10919_97449com_10919_86778com_10919_11358col_10919_97450
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2023-01-25
Virginia Tech News is published weekly during fall and spring semester and bimonthly during the summer sessions, by the Division of Human Resources and the Office of University Relations as a service to university employees who do not have computer access on campus.
https://hdl.handle.net/10919/116751
20
3
Virginia Tech News, January 25, 2023
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1112562022-07-16T07:12:38Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_11041
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Strozier, Jariah Li'Shey
author
2022-07-14
First described by physician William Dietz in 1995, the "Food Insecurity-Obesity Paradox" (FIOP) attempts to explain the biology and behaviors of people who are simultaneously overweight and food-insecure. I was introduced to this theory as a Behavioral Health graduate student and, in that context, was taught to understand it as a fact. My personal experiences as a Black woman, however, alongside ongoing engagement with Black feminist thought and critical medical sociology, have taught me otherwise. This disssertation takes Dietz's theory as a starting point in order to argue that Black women in the US experience fatphobic and racial discrimination while being "cared for" by western institutional medicine. I argue that discourses like the FIOP, though framed as benevolent clinical theories, do more harm than good: not only do they multiply pathologize so-called "fat" Black women by drawing on disparaging stereotypes, but they simultaneously ignore the specific health and wellness needs that emerge at the intersection of weight, size, skin color, gender, ability, and economic class.
My broader dissertation project is an interdisciplinary critique of pathologizing discourses about Black women, including medically "legitimate" ones like the FIOP. Via critical analysis of these discourses, and employing Black feminist and medical sociological perspectives, I explore how stereotypes of Black women correlate with how these women are perceived and treated by physicians and other health professionals. These racialized perceptions and forms of discriminatory medical treatment are instances of what has been labeled, variously, as a racial formation (Omi and Winant, 1997), a matrix of domination (Patricia Hill Collins, 1990) and a racial ideology (Feagin, 2006). These processes are further extended by physicians who use these pathologizing discourses and practices to advance their own careers. Black feminist theorists have described the multiple marginalizations experienced by contemporary Black women in the US and my project places weight and body size within this marginalizing dynamic. After tracing the long history of medical "othering" of Black women by science, I show the persistence of these ideologies in contemporary medical practice. My interviews with Black women investigate their lived experiences of these ideologies and practices, and allow women to speak for themselves in a space that so often speaks for them.
vt_gsexam:35300
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/111256
Black feminisms
medical sociology
Thick Studies
embodiment
healing
A Black Feminist's Critique of the Crooked Room of Medicine (CRoM): Innovation of Thick Studies and the Gender, Race, Weight (GRW) Matrix
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/989852022-07-05T18:49:59Zcom_10919_111117com_10919_111116com_10919_5555col_10919_111122
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Lumina Foundation
author
2019
The need for universal post-high school education is rooted in the global shift from an industrial economy to a knowledge economy. The vast majority of jobs being created require education beyond high school, and that trend shows no sign of abating. Unfortunately, fewer than half of Americans ages 25-64 hold a credential beyond high school. Still, there is cause for optimism because many of those who lack credentials do hold some college credit or have skills that should be recognized. This report tracks Puerto Rico' s progress in terms of educational attainment.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/98985
state and higher education
knowledge economy
higher education credentials
educational attainment
Puerto Rico
A Stronger Nation, Learning Beyond High School Builds American Talent: Puerto Rico' s Report 2019
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1026912023-11-29T01:48:02Zcom_10919_78363com_10919_5549col_10919_97546
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Skift
author
2021-03
Corporate Travel has completely shifted due to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, Skift's recent report surronding Business Travel indicated that the demands of building relationships among businesses in person has increased. Technology will continue to play a massive role in the safety of travel and in-person meetings as the world continues to adjust to living with the treat of COVID-19.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/102691
https://skift.com/insight/skift-report-state-corporate-travel-expense-2021/
Business
Skift
COVID-19 Response
The State of Corporate T&E 2021: The Path to Recovery
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/816652023-11-29T01:58:42Zcom_10919_78363com_10919_5549col_10919_78368
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Hogan, John
author
2011-12-19
Sometimes opportunity knocks, but most of the time it sneaks up and then quietly steal away.
Doug Larson, nationally syndicated American columnist for the Wisconsin-based newspapers Green Bay Press-Gazette and the Door County Advocate
The co-authors of a new book on Social Media shared a somewhat unique perspective in their 12.6.11 blog posted on the Harvard Business School site. The blog title - People Are Not Your Greatest Asset - did not dismiss the value of people in today's corporate culture, but offered a sentiment for leaders that went beyond to examine how we treat the people in our organizations.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/81665
https://www.hospitalitynet.org/opinion/4054205.html
Hospitality industry
Success
Team empower
invest
academic and corporate educator
How do you spell SUCCESS?
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/316442020-09-28T12:54:44Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_9291
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Cowing, Brandy Ellen
author
2000-04-04
The growth of many breast cancers is stimulated by the action of the hormone estrogen. Hormonal therapy used to treat these estrogen-dependent breast cancers acts by interfering with the action of estrogen. Current treatments, such as tamoxifen, are not consistently useful due to development of resistance to these drugs. Tamoxifen treatment can also lead to the development of other gynecological cancers, therefore the discovery of novel treatment options for breast cancer is critical. Vitamin B6 is well documented for its role as a modulator of steroid hormones. Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP), the active form of Vitamin B6, may interfere with the action of the estrogen receptor (ER) by blocking the hormone-binding and/or DNA-binding site of the ER. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of Vitamin B6 supplementation on cell proliferation and estrogen-dependent gene expression in breast cancer cells. To accomplish this, estrogen-dependent (MCF-7 and T-47D) and estrogen-independent (BT-20) breast cancer cells were grown in medium supplemented with 0,100, or 300 µM pyridoxal (PL) in the absence or presence of 0.01µM estradiol. Cell counts and [3H]-thymidine incorporation into DNA were assessed in all cell lines. The expression of pS2, an estrogen-sensitive gene, was performed using RNA extracted from MCF-7 cells. PL supplementation was found to significantly decrease total cell numbers and DNA synthesis in both the estrogen-dependent (ER+) and -independent (ER-) breast cancer cells, but did not alter the expression of pS2. These results indicate that PL significantly impairs growth of breast cancer cells and may be exerting its effects via a steroid-independent mechanism.
etd-04072000-08550041
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31644
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-04072000-08550041/
Estrogen
Pyridoxal
Vitamin B6
Breast Cancer
Steroid Hormone
Mammary
Vitamin B6 Decreases Proliferation and DNA Synthesis in Human Mammary Carcinoma Cell Lines In Vitro
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/792342021-10-08T16:43:28Zcom_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_23747com_10919_5539col_10919_78882col_10919_23748
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Olabisi, Laura Schmitt
author
Wang, Ryan Qi
author
Ligmann-Zielinska, Arika
author
2015-10-22
In spite of a growing interest in organic agriculture; there has been relatively little research on why farmers might choose to adopt organic methods, particularly in the developing world. To address this shortcoming, we developed an exploratory agent-based model depicting Philippine smallholder farmer decisions to implement organic techniques in rice paddy systems. Our modeling exercise was novel in its combination of three characteristics: first, agent rules were based on focus group data collected in the system of study. Second, a social network structure was built into the model. Third, we utilized variance-based sensitivity analysis to quantify model outcome variability, identify influential drivers, and suggest ways in which further modeling efforts could be focused and simplified. The model results indicated an upper limit on the number of farmers adopting organic methods. The speed of information spread through the social network; crop yields; and the size of a farmer’s plot were highly influential in determining agents’ adoption rates. The results of this stylized model indicate that rates of organic farming adoption are highly sensitive to the yield drop after switchover to organic techniques, and to the speed of information spread through existing social networks. Further research and model development should focus on these system characteristics.
Olabisi, L.S.; Wang, R.Q.; Ligmann-Zielinska, A. Why Don’t More Farmers Go Organic? Using A Stakeholder-Informed Exploratory Agent-Based Model to Represent the Dynamics of Farming Practices in the Philippines. Land 2015, 4, 979-1002.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/79234
https://doi.org/10.3390/land4040979
organic agriculture
agent-based modeling
sensitivity analysis
social networks
Philippines
Why Don’t More Farmers Go Organic? Using A Stakeholder-Informed Exploratory Agent-Based Model to Represent the Dynamics of Farming Practices in the Philippines
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/170552020-10-02T13:00:42Zcom_10919_11335com_10919_25799col_10919_11385
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
2012-03-12
prevails6C01416
S6L1C1416
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/17055
Card from Long John Silvers - Bluefield West Virginia
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/286842022-02-22T19:39:28Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_11041
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Tan, Roy Patrick
author
2007-08-08
Software testing is a necessary and integral part of the software quality process. It is estimated that inadequate testing infrastructure cost the US economy between $22.2 and $59.5 billion.
We present Sulu, a programming language designed with automated unit testing specifically in mind, as a demonstration of how software testing may be more integrated and automated into the software development process. Sulu's runtime and tools support automated testing from end to end; automating the generation, execution, and evaluation of test suites using both code coverage and mutation analysis. Sulu is also designed to fully integrate automatically generated tests with manually written test suites. Sulu's tools incorporate pluggable test case generators, which enables the software developer to employ different test case generation algorithms.
To show the effectiveness of this integrated approach, we designed an experiment to evaluate a family of test suites generated using one test case generation algorithm, which exhaustively enumerates every sequence of method calls within a certain bound. The results show over 80\% code coverage and high mutation coverage for the most comprehensive test suite generated.
etd-08162007-161911
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28684
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08162007-161911/
programming language
software engineering
Sulu
unit testing
software testing
Programming Language and Tools for Automated Testing
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/385452021-05-25T14:24:53Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_11041
00925njm 22002777a 4500
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Kirby, Carl Scott
author
1993-08-05
Bulk chemical analysis of a combined municipal solid waste (MSW) bottom and fly ash from one facility showed most elements enriched over average soil abundances. Eleven minerals were identified using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). Standard additions using XRD gave the following weight % minerals (±2σ): gypsum, 1.8 ± 1.9; hematite, 3.7 ± 1.7; quartz, 2.3 ± 1.0; spinel, approximately 3.5; halite, 0.5 ± 0.4; calcite 3.5 ± 1.9; rutile, 1.1 ± 1.3. Mullite, sylvite, anhydrite, and wüstite were also identified. The ash contained 18% minerals, 9% structural and adsorbed water, and 72% glass.
Chemical sequential extraction showed that most Cr is present in phases resistant to chemical weathering, while significant Cd and Pb are sequestered in acid soluble (carbonate) phases. Little of these toxic trace metals are water soluble or in exchangeable surface sites.
Batch reactors experiments showed that ash-water solutions were dominated by ions released by soluble salts. Three types of reactions are identified. 1) After rapid exhaustion of soluble salts, sodium and potassium exhibited nearly steady state behavior due to slow release of ions from less-soluble minerals and glasses. 2) Calcium and sulfate concentrations are controlled by either gypsum or anhydrite equilibrium after a few hours. Iron, aluminum, and manganese concentrations rapidly equilibrate with respect to hydroxide or oxide solid phases. 3) Silicon clearly shows temperature dependent kinetic behavior, but its rate of release into solution is slowed by back-reaction of a secondary silicate phase.
Calculation of the CIPW normative minerals for MSW ash showed it to be analogous to a tholeiitic basalt. Over the long term, the concentrations of elements in MSW ash will continue to change and can be predicted by Goldschmidt's concept of ionic potential, and mineralogical changes can be predicted based on weathering of basalts.
Comparisons of literature values showed that field MSW ash leachates contained higher concentrations of soluble salts and lower concentrations of magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, and nickel than uncombusted refuse leachates. Comparison of chromium, cadmium, lead, and arsenic concentrations did not clearly delineate which leachate contains more of these elements.
etd-06072006-124154
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/38545
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06072006-124154/
A geochemical analysis of municipal solid waste ash
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1119962023-04-28T13:05:17Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24216com_10919_5539com_10919_24259com_10919_5559com_10919_23765com_10919_24261com_10919_23261com_10919_24263com_10919_91912com_10919_23198col_10919_70873col_10919_24286col_10919_24342col_10919_24353col_10919_24343col_10919_23262col_10919_24345col_10919_91916
00925njm 22002777a 4500
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Hendricks-Wenger, Alissa
author
Arnold, Lauren
author
Gannon, Jessica
author
Simon, Alex
author
Singh, Neha
author
Sheppard, Hannah
author
Nagai-Singer, Margaret A.
author
Imran, Khan Mohammed
author
Lee, Kiho
author
Clark-Deener, Sherrie
author
Byron, Christopher R.
author
Edwards, Michael R.
author
Larson, Martha M.
author
Rossmeisl, John H.
author
Coutermarsh-Ott, Sheryl
author
Eden, Kristin
author
Dervisis, Nikolaos G.
author
Klahn, Shawna L.
author
Tuohy, Joanne L.
author
Allen, Irving C.
author
Vlaisavljevich, Eli
author
2021-09-03
New therapeutic strategies are direly needed in the fight against cancer. Over the last decade, several tumor ablation strategies have emerged as stand-alone or combination therapies. Histotripsy is the first completely noninvasive, nonthermal, and nonionizing tumor ablation method. Histotripsy can produce consistent and rapid ablations, even near critical structures. Additional benefits include real-time image guidance, high precision, and the ability to treat tumors of any predetermined size and shape. Unfortunately, the lack of clinically and physiologically relevant preclinical cancer models is often a significant limitation with all focal tumor ablation strategies. The majority of studies testing histotripsy for cancer treatment have focused on small animal models, which have been critical in moving this field forward and will continue to be essential for providing mechanistic insight. While these small animal models have notable translational value, there are significant limitations in terms of scale and anatomical relevance. To address these limitations, a diverse range of large animal models and spontaneous tumor studies in veterinary patients have emerged to complement existing rodent models. These models and veterinary patients are excellent at providing realistic avenues for developing and testing histotripsy devices and techniques designed for future use in human patients. Here, we provide a review of animal models used in preclinical histotripsy studies and compare histotripsy ablation in these models using a series of original case reports across a broad spectrum of preclinical animal models and spontaneous tumors in veterinary patients.
0885-3010
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/111996
https://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2021.3110083
69
1
Vlaisavljevich, Eli [0000-0002-4097-6257]
Larson, Martha [0000-0003-4229-5866]
Clark-Deener, Sherrie [0000-0002-6620-0625]
Allen, Irving [0000-0001-9573-5250]
Dervisis, Nikolaos [0000-0003-2869-1483]
Eden, Kristin [0000-0001-5309-5830]
34478363
1525-8955
Medical imaging
medical transducers
system and device design
therapeutics
CAVITATIONAL ULTRASOUND THERAPY
HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA
COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
TISSUE STIFFNESS
VX-2 TUMOR
LIVER
DOGS
OSTEOSARCOMA
FREQUENCY
PIGS
Cancer
Histotripsy Ablation in Preclinical Animal Models of Cancer and Spontaneous Tumors in Veterinary Patients: A Review
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1008852023-11-29T01:48:03Zcom_10919_78363com_10919_5549col_10919_97546
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Baker, Terence
author
2020-11-12
As brands continue to restructure in the wake of COVOID-19, their focus remains on the safety of their guests. Experts understand brand agreements will not solve the major issues that hoteliers are facing, but hope that they will be able to maintain the processes that are currently successful. As COVID-19 continues to be a threat to the globe and industry, brands will remain focused on what is most functional and appealing to guests.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/100885
https://www.hotelnewsnow.com/Articles/305200/Brand-standards-reset-by-COVID-19-but-wont-fade
COVID-19
Pandemic Response
Travel Industry
Hotel Industry
Brands
Brand standards 'reset' by COVID-19 but won't fade
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1172662023-12-23T03:00:15Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_9291
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
He, Chongyu
author
2023-12-21
The intricate task of segmenting and quantifying cell nuclear pores in high-resolution 3D microscopy data is critical for cellular biology and disease research. This thesis introduces a deep learning pipeline crafted to automate the segmentation and quantification of nuclear pores from high-resolution 3D cell organelle images. Our aim is to refine computational methods capable of handling the data's complexity and size, thus improving accuracy and reducing manual labor in biological image analysis. The developed pipeline incorporates data preprocessing, augmentation strategies, random block sampling, and a three-stage post-processing algorithm. It utilizes a 3D U-Net with a VGG-16 backbone, optimized through cyclical data augmentation and random block sampling to tackle the challenges posed by limited labeled data and the processing of large-scale 3D images. The pipeline has demonstrated its capability to effectively learn and predict nuclear pore structures, achieving improvements in validation metrics compared to baseline models. Our experiments suggest that cyclical augmentation helps prevent overfitting, and random block sampling contributes to managing data imbalance. The post-processing phase successfully automates the quantification of nuclear pores without the need for manual intervention. The proposed pipeline offers an efficient and scalable approach to segmenting and quantifying nuclear pores in 3D microscopy images. Despite the ongoing challenges of computational intensity and data volume, the techniques developed in this study provide insights into the automation of complex biological image analysis tasks, with potential applications extending beyond the detection of nuclear pores.
vt_gsexam:39186
https://hdl.handle.net/10919/117266
High Resolution Data
3D cell Segmentation
Nuclear Pore
Machine Learning
Deep Learning Approach for Cell Nuclear Pore Detection and Quantification over High Resolution 3D Data
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/193292022-02-03T19:05:01Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_9291
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Lambeth, Jacob Nelson
author
2013-04-22
Accurate terrain models provide the chassis designer with a powerful tool to make informed design decisions early in the design process. During this stage, engineers are challenged with predicting vehicle loads through modeling and simulation. The accuracy of these simulation results depends not only on the fidelity of the model, but also on the excitation to the model. It is clear that the terrain is the main excitation to the vehicle [1]. The inputs to these models are often based directly on physical measurements (terrain profiles); therefore, the terrain measurements must be as accurate as possible. A collection of novel methods can be developed to aid in the study and application of 3D terrain measurements, which are dense and non-uniform, including efficient gridding, stochastic modeling, and compact characterization.
Terrain measurements are not collected with uniform spacing, which is necessary for efficient data storage and simulation. Many techniques are developed to help effectively grid dense terrain point clouds in a curved regular grid (CRG) format, including center and random vehicle paths, sorted gridding methods, and software implementation. In addition, it is beneficial to characterize the terrain as a realization of an underlying stochastic process and to develop a mathematical model of that process. A method is developed to represent a continuous-state Markov chain as a collection of univariate distributions, to be applied to terrain road profiles. The resulting form is extremely customizable and significantly more compact than a discrete-state Markov chain, yet it still provides a viable alternative for stochastically modeling terrain. Many new simulation techniques take advantage of 3D gridded roads along with traditional 2D terrain profiles. A technique is developed to model and synthesize 3D terrain surfaces by applying a variety of 2D stochastic models to the topological components of terrain, which are also decomposed into frequency bandwidths and down-sampled. The quality of the synthetic surface is determined using many statistical tests, and the entire work is implemented into a powerful software suite. Engineers from many disciplines who work with terrain surfaces need to describe the overall physical characteristics compactly and consistently. A method is developed to characterize terrain surfaces with a few coefficients by performing a principal component analysis, via singular value decomposition (SVD), to the parameter sets that define a collection of surface models.
vt_gsexam:601
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/19329
Terrain
Surfaces
Gridding
Modeling
Characterization
Markov Chains
Improved Methods for Gridding, Stochastic Modeling, and Compact Characterization of Terrain Surfaces
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/629052020-10-09T21:03:50Zcom_10919_86184com_10919_11358col_10919_86187
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Rich, Miriam Sommers
author
2010-01-11
Virginia Tech has won a $2.5 million contract to manage a program that will promote agriculture-led growth, increase rural incomes, and reduce hunger in Mali.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/62905
Outreach and International Affairs
University awarded $2.5 million from U.S. Agency for International Development Mali mission
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/451452022-02-22T22:01:45Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_9291
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Goehring, Lutz Steffen
author
1998-08-14
Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis is the most frequently diagnosed neurologic disorder of horses in the united states, which is caused by the protozoan organism Sarcocystis neurona. The disease has a profound impact on the American Horse Industry. This impact includes prolonged and expensive treatment without a guaranteed return to a previous level of use for the individual horse. Poor respponse to and prolonged duration of treatment may suggest an immune mediated impariement of host response. There is limited information about the direct interaction between the pathogen and the host.
In two in vitro experiments we investigated a) whether the presence of the protozoan organism can influence mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), suggesting a direct influence of the protozoan organism on cells of the immune system, and b) if cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from horses with EPM has an effect on mitogen-stimulated PBMCs, suggesting that the microenvironment of the site of infection influences the course of disease.
Experiment 1: Mitogen simulated PBMCs from EPM affected and control horses were co-cultured with fragments of freeze thawed bovine turbinate cells that were infected with S. neurona merozoites. Compared to controls PBMCs co-cultured with S. neurona fragments were the only cells that showed a decreased proliferation (p<0.05). A difference between EPM affected and control horses could not be detected (p>0.05). These results may imply that the persistence of S. neurona infection in the horses CNS is, in part, due to a pathogen-derived mechanism that attentuates the hosts immune response.
Experiment 2: Mitogen stimulated PBMCs from a horse affected with EPM and a control were co-cultured n the presence of CSF from EPM affected and uninfected controls. Prior to co-culture the CSF was fractionated by a filtration process over two microfilter units. An identical volume of NaCl (0.9%) served as a control for the volume of CSF that was added. The proliferation assay revealed a deviation of the response depending on cell donor and CSF fraction used. The effect was independant of the protein concentration of the CSF fraction, and a decrease in lymphocyte proliferation was not caused by increased cellular death. This suggests the presence of subsets within the CSF which have a stimulatory of suppressive influence on the cells in culture. The effect was cell donor dependant which implies a difference in lymphocyte subsets between the two horses that were used.
etd-101098-101319
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45145
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-101098-101319/
Sarcocystis neurona
Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis
immune priviledged site
Lymphocyte proliferation assay
Horse
Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis. Preliminary Investigation of Protozoan-Host interactions in the horse
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/384262021-12-14T21:29:37Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_11041
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Coker, Dianna Ross
author
1993-02-22
Accounting education research has explained some variation in student performance by aptitude, attitude, and experience variables, as well as gender. The unexplained portion of variance, however, suggests the existence of unidentified variables. This study examines the relationship of visual-spatial aptitude (VSA) to student completion and continuing behaviors and to performance in four accounting courses. VSA is a group of cognitive abilities which facilitate building mental representations and solving problems and which are positively related to performance in mathematics and science courses.
This study hypothesizes that high VSA students will complete Accounting Principles I at a higher rate, continue to Principles II at a higher rate, and perform better in Principles I than will low VSA students. Also hypothesized are gender differences and course differences in the relationship between VSA and performance.
Subjects are students tracked in accounting courses for three semesters. Independent variables include gender, prior bookkeeping coursework, and major, as well as SAT scores, GPA, and scores on two VSA tests--the MAP Planning Test (MAP) and the Mental Rotations Test (MRT). MAP and MRT measures include the number right, the number wrong, and the percentage right. Dependent variables include student completion and continuing status as well as performance scores in each of four courses.
Results indicate that high VSA subjects have a higher completion rate than do low VSA subjects and that completers of Principles I have higher VSA than do droppers. Also, continuers to Principles II have higher VSA than do non continuers.
Results indicate relationships between VSA and Principles I scores. Subjects with high MRT percentages score higher on exams and lower on homework/quizzes than do those with low MRT percentages. Subjects with few MRT wrong have higher exam scores than do those with more MRT wrong.
MAP is related only to Principles II and Intermediate, while MRT is related only to Principles I, II, and Cost. Relationships of VSA to exams are positive and frequent. Relationships to homework/quizzes are negative and less frequent. Computerized practice set scores are rarely related to VSA.
In separate analyses of students taking Principles I, VSA is related to homework and exams for females and only to exams for males. For the smaller sample of students continuing to Principles II, models which contain general aptitude covariates indicate that VSA is only related to female performance and only in Principles I.
etd-06062008-170640
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/38426
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-170640/
The role of visual-spatial aptitude in accounting coursework
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/185222020-10-02T13:02:18Zcom_10919_11335com_10919_25799col_10919_11385
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
2012-03-12
VTA041607asl011.tif
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/18522
Virginia Tech
Virginia -- Blacksburg
Squires Student Center
Perspective Gallery
Woven Together April 16 Memorial Textiles Exhibit
Textile crafts
Three quilts in exhibit
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/587922020-10-09T20:17:47Zcom_10919_86184com_10919_11358col_10919_86187
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Douglas, Jeffrey S.
author
2007-06-21
Three senior officials at Virginia Tech's Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine recently traveled to South America as part of the continued development of a comprehensive exchange program with the University of Austral in Chile.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/58792
Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine
Veterinary college enhances exchange program with Chilean university
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/895222023-11-29T12:30:55Zcom_10919_23939com_10919_5557com_10919_79468com_10919_78628col_10919_23981col_10919_79481
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
2019
The intradepartmental newsletter for Virginia Tech’s Department of Sustainable Biomaterials. This issue features articles on study abroad in Ireland and Costa Rica, InsideTREES summer camp, and alumni thoughts.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/89522
https://sbio.vt.edu/about-us/news-publications/newsletter/newsletter-2019.html
SBIO Newsletter, Spring 2019
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/173542020-10-02T13:01:14Zcom_10919_11335com_10919_25799col_10919_11385
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
2012-03-12
prevails6H00176
S6L1H0176
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/17354
Poem on Canvas from Leeza Spiegl
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/170362020-10-02T13:00:40Zcom_10919_11335com_10919_25799col_10919_11385
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
2012-03-12
prevails5H00202
S5L25H0202
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/17036
Pohle, Michael Steven, Jr.
Goggles placed at the VT Drillfield memorial site
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/432622021-05-04T18:49:14Zcom_10919_5534col_10919_9291
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
O'Neill, Michael Douglas
author
1988
An improved algorithm for the automatic generation of test vectors from chip-level descriptions written in VHDL is described. The method offers an order of magnitude speed improvement over earlier test generation algorithms. The algorithm accepts data flow circuit descriptions written in a subset of VHDL. A fault model which defines faults for the VHDL statements is applied to determine fault cases. Test generation requirements of fault sensitization, value justification, and fault effect propagation are expressed in terms of justification, propagation, and execution goals, rather than in terms of low-level operations. Prolog rules define the way in which the goals are satisfied, using backtracking to select alternative solutions. A method for handling time in absolute, rather than relative, terms is discussed. Comparison of run times for the improved algorithm against those obtained by the previous method is made to demonstrate the speedup. Suggestions for incorporating the algorithm into a test generation system are discussed. A user’s guide is given for the current implementation of the method.
etd-06122010-020415
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43262
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06122010-020415/
An improved chip-level test generation algorithm
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/588102020-10-09T20:17:51Zcom_10919_86184com_10919_11358col_10919_86187
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Crumbley, Liz
author
2007-06-22
J. Michael Duncan of Blacksburg, Distinguished Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering in the College of Engineering at Virginia Tech, was conferred the title, " Distinguished Professor Emeritus" by the Virginia Tech Board of Visitors during the board's quarterly meeting June 4.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/58810
College of Engineering
J. Michael Duncan honored with emeritus status
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/830272022-07-05T18:50:04Zcom_10919_111117com_10919_111116com_10919_5555col_10919_111122
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Lee, Jee Hang
author
2016
In this report, the author examines the hidden costs of higher education and points out how at community colleges, tuition and fees only scratch the surface of students’ financial needs.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/83027
https://www.acct.org/files/Publications/Trustee%20Quarterly/2016/Advocacy.pdf
Higher education costs
community colleges
financial aid
The Hidden Costs of Higher Education
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/929362020-09-29T15:57:11Zcom_10919_24227com_10919_5532col_10919_87778
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
1949-04-01
Close up of furrow following plowing with stubble mulch dual vertical cut plow. Note 3" depth and 7" depth as pointed to. Total depth of tillage is 7".
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/92936
Applied Science
Agriculture
Virginia Extension - Project 10
Stubble Mulch
Erosion Control
Soil and Water Conservation
Agricultural Engineering
Project 10 Image - VA Montgomery County - 1949-04-01
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/406762023-11-29T16:54:42Zcom_10919_10194col_10919_86632
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Husson, David Edward
author
1987-08-05
The objective of this report is to examine the need for an on-site computerized cost control system in the construction industry. The background of the construction industry leading to the need for such a system is discussed. The report then covers the technologies available for cost tracking and productivity reporting. Finally, a solution to the problem involving the reports and information required for the compilation of the reports as well as a model cost tracking and productivity reporting system are discussed.
etd-01202010-020009
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40676
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-01202010-020009/
Cost tracking and productivity reporting
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/876112020-10-13T19:03:01Zcom_10919_5559col_10919_5560
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
2018-03-15
The twenty-ninth Annual Research Symposium was held on Thursday, March 15, 2018, at the main college complex on the Virginia Tech campus.
The event showcased graduate student research and featured keynote speakers Dr. Jennifer McQuiston, Deputy Director of the Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology within the Centers for Disease Control’s (CDC) National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, and Dr. Amy Pruden, the W. Thomas Rice Professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Virginia Tech. The symposium also featured alumni speaker Dr. Tim LaBranche, Senior Director of Drug Safety Evaluation at Blueprint Medicines in Boston.
The symposium was sponsored by Zoetis and the college's Office of Research & Graduate Studies.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/87611
https://www.vetmed.vt.edu/research/docs/Symposium-Program-2018.pdf
Twenty-Ninth Annual Research Symposium, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, March 15, 2018
marc////100