2024-03-29T15:15:01Zhttps://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/server/oai/requestoai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1164852023-10-18T07:13:12Zcom_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_24308
Using the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, and Sustainment (EPIS) Framework to Advance the Science and Practice of Healthy Food Retail
Houghtaling, Bailey
Misyak, Sarah A.
Serrano, Elena L.
Dombrowski, Rachael D.
Holston, Denise
Singleton, Chelsea R.
Harden, Samantha M.
healthy food retail
implementation science
EPIS
Although healthy food retail strategies are widely used, there appears to be a limited understanding of the processes and determinants for successful adoption, implementation, and sustainment. To fill this gap, we recommend the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, and Sustainment (EPIS) framework to be used to advance the science and practice of healthy food retail. In this perspective, we: (1) introduce EPIS and describe why it was chosen as a recommended implementation science framework for healthy food retail, (2) highlight healthy food retail evidence supporting EPIS, and (3) discuss research and practice needs mov-ing forward.
2023-10-17
2023-10-17
2023-03
Article - Refereed
1499-4046
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/116485
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2022.10.002
55
3
36642585
1878-2620
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Elsevier
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/952292023-06-14T17:01:21Zcom_10919_24233com_10919_5532com_10919_24262com_10919_5559col_10919_24308col_10919_24344
Evaluation of a mindfulness-based stress management and nutrition education program for mothers
Kennedy, Lauren E.
Hosig, Kathy L.
Ju, Young
Serrano, Elena L.
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Population Health Sciences
mindfulness
mothers
psychological stress
dietfood nutrition
public health practice
Background: Maternal stress is implicated in obesity and obesity-related chronic disease. This can have consequences for their children’s weight status and disease development. Interventions are needed that target both psychological stress and diet using evidence-based approaches. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the perceived impact of the Slow Down intervention on participants’ self-efficacy for practicing mindfulness and the barriers and perceived benefits to adopting intervention target behaviors. The ways that knowledge was brokered and transferred provided guidance on the translation of mindfulness within dietary interventions. Design: This was a qualitative evaluation of a mixed-methods quasi-experimental pilot intervention. A focus group was conducted post-intervention and a follow-up semi-structured individual interview took place 4–6 weeks post-intervention. Results: Self-efficacy for practicing mindfulness skills was generally high or described as mixed by participants. Reported benefits from participating in the intervention included increased social support, improved sleep, and improved reaction to stressors, among others. Participants reported barriers to making changes, including family or partner buy-in. Participants cited several ways that knowledge was gained and transferred throughout the intervention that could improve the translation of mindfulness research into practice. Conclusions: With increasing evidence supporting the use of mindfulness in public health nutrition interventions, there are gaps in describing the benefits of participation in mindfulness interventions and the barriers to making health behavior changes as a result of participation. This study demonstrates the potential for nutrition interventions that include psychological health and provides guidance on how to implement mindfulness practice into public health practice settings.
2019-11-01
2019-11-01
2019-10-31
Article - Refereed
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/95229
https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2019.1682928
5
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Cogent
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/750412023-06-14T17:01:35Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532com_10919_5540col_10919_70873col_10919_24308col_10919_25336
Creating Digital Learning Objects for Use in Large Lecture Classes
Walz, Anita R.
Good, Deborah J.
Baab, Lujean
Gallo, S.
Akers, J.
Hu, Deyu
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
University Libraries
Large lecture classes sometimes fail to provide an informal approach for students to “practice” what they’ve learned, or delve deeper into materials that are not in the textbook. There is currently no textbook that addresses the systematic study of micronutrients, and therefore, researchers from Virginia Tech, James Madison and George Mason Universities are developing a freely accessible online Digital Learning Object (DLO) for the study of micronutrients in body systems. Links to scientific research articles, government Dietary Reference Intakes and other web-based factual information will be provided through the DLO. Undergraduate and graduate students enrolled in vitamins and minerals courses across three institutions will serve as the control group (no exposure to DLO) in 2014 and treatment groups (exposure to DLO) in 2015. The presentation will address the design of the DLO and provide results from year one regarding learning styles and student interest in and perceived utility of DLOs. The discussion will address how to begin developing a DLO, and how it can address learning objectives in large classrooms. As a DLO can be applied to various subjects, this session will be of interest to faculty from many disciplines, as well as instructional designers and administrators.
2017-02-14
2017-02-14
2016-07-21
Conference proceeding
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/75041
en
Conference on Teaching Large Classes
http://www.teachinglargeclasses.org/conference/presentation1.php?pid=86
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1167112023-11-30T17:41:14Zcom_10919_91913com_10919_23198com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_91914col_10919_24308
Lateral hypothalamic proenkephalin neurons drive threat-induced overeating associated with a negative emotional state
You, In-Jee
Bae, Yeeun
Beck, Alec R.
Shin, Sora
Psychological stressors, like the nearby presence of a predator, can be strong enough to induce physiological/hormonal alterations, leading to appetite changes. However, little is known about how threats can alter feeding-related hypothalamic circuit functions. Here, we found that proenkephalin (Penk)- expressing lateral hypothalamic (LHPenk) neurons of mice exposed to predator scent stimulus (PSS) show sensitized responses to high-fat diet (HFD) eating, whereas silencing of the same neurons normalizes PSS-induced HFD overconsumption associated with a negative emotional state. Downregulation of endogenous enkephalin peptides in the LH is crucial for inhibiting the neuronal and behavioral changes developed after PSS exposure. Furthermore, elevated corticosterone after PSS contributes to enhance the reactivity of glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-containing LHPenk neurons to HFD, whereas pharmacological inhibition of GR in the LH suppresses PSS-induced maladaptive behavioral responses. We have thus identified the LHPenk neurons as a critical component in the threat-induced neuronal adaptation that leads to emotional overconsumption.
2023-11-30
2023-11-30
2023-10-28
Article - Refereed
https://hdl.handle.net/10919/116711
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-42623-6
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Nature Research
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/799852023-06-14T17:01:31Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_24308
Progress Evaluation for the Restaurant Industry Assessed by a Voluntary Marketing-Mix and Choice-Architecture Framework That Offers Strategies to Nudge American Customers toward Healthy Food Environments, 2006-2017
Kraak, Vivica
Englund, Tessa R.
Misyak, Sarah A.
Serrano, Elena L.
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
restaurants
choice-architecture
healthy food environments
SUGAR-SWEETENED BEVERAGES
LARGE CHAIN RESTAURANTS
US CHILDREN
CALORIE CHANGES
14-YEAR TRENDS
UNITED-STATES
ENERGY CONTENTS
MENU OFFERINGS
SODIUM CONTENT
MEALS
Consumption of restaurant food and beverage products high in fat, sugar and sodium contribute to obesity and non-communicable diseases. We evaluated restaurant-sector progress to promote healthy food environments for Americans. We conducted a desk review of seven electronic databases (January 2006–January 2017) to examine restaurant strategies used to promote healthful options in the United States (U.S.). Evidence selection (n = 84) was guided by the LEAD principles (i.e., locate, evaluate, and assemble evidence to inform decisions) and verified by data and investigator triangulation. A marketing-mix and choice-architecture framework was used to examine eight voluntary strategies (i.e., place, profile, portion, pricing, promotion, healthy default picks, priming or prompting and proximity) to evaluate progress (i.e., no, limited, some or extensive) toward 12 performance metrics based on available published evidence. The U.S. restaurant sector has made limited progress to use pricing, profile (reformulation), healthy default picks (choices), promotion (responsible marketing) and priming and prompting (information and labeling); and some progress to reduce portions. No evidence was available to assess progress for place (ambience) and proximity (positioning) to promote healthy choices during the 10-year review period. Chain and non-chain restaurants can apply comprehensive marketing-mix and nudge strategies to promote healthy food environments for customers.
2017-11-07
2017-11-07
2017-07-01
Article - Refereed
1660-4601
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/79985
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14070760
14
7
Kraak, Vivica [0000-0002-9303-5530]
Serrano, E [0000-0001-8994-8292]
en
http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000407370700092&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=930d57c9ac61a043676db62af60056c1
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
MDPI
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1180372024-03-14T13:32:10Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_24308
Prolonged voluntary wheel running reveals unique adaptations in mdx mice treated with microdystrophin constructs +/- the nNOS-binding site
Hamm, S. E.
Yuan, C.
McQueen, L. F.
Wallace, M. A.
Zhang, H.
Arora, A.
Garafalo, A. M.
McMillan, R. P.
Lawlor, M. W.
Prom, M. J.
Ott, E. M.
Yan, J.
Addington, A. K.
Morris, C. A.
Gonzalez, J. P.
Grange, R. W.
endurance
muscle strength
AAV (adeno-associated virus)
microdystrophin
longevity
We tested the effects of prolonged voluntary wheel running on the muscle function of mdx mice treated with one of two different microdystrophin constructs. At 7 weeks of age mdx mice were injected with a single dose of AAV9-CK8-microdystrophin with (gene therapy 1, GT1) or without (gene therapy 2, GT2) the nNOS-binding domain and were assigned to one of four gene therapy treated groups: mdxRGT1 (run, GT1), mdxGT1 (no run, GT1), or mdxRGT2 (run,GT2), mdxGT2 (no run, GT2). There were two mdx untreated groups injected with excipient: mdxR (run, no gene therapy) and mdx (no run, no gene therapy). A third no treatment group, Wildtype (WT) received no injection and did not run. mdxRGT1, mdxRGT2 and mdxR performed voluntary wheel running for 52 weeks; WT and remaining mdx groups were cage active. Robust expression of microdystrophin occurred in diaphragm, quadriceps, and heart muscles of all treated mice. Dystrophic muscle pathology was high in diaphragms of non-treated mdx and mdxR mice and improved in all treated groups. Endurance capacity was rescued by both voluntary wheel running and gene therapy alone, but their combination was most beneficial. All treated groups increased in vivo plantarflexor torque over both mdx and mdxR mice. mdx and mdxR mice displayed ∼3-fold lower diaphragm force and power compared to WT values. Treated groups demonstrated partial improvements in diaphragm force and power, with mdxRGT2 mice experiencing the greatest improvement at ∼60% of WT values. Evaluation of oxidative red quadriceps fibers revealed the greatest improvements in mitochondrial respiration in mdxRGT1 mice, reaching WT levels. Interestingly, mdxGT2 mice displayed diaphragm mitochondrial respiration values similar to WT but mdxRGT2 animals showed relative decreases compared to the no run group. Collectively, these data demonstrate that either microdystrophin construct combined with voluntary wheel running increased in vivo maximal muscle strength, power, and endurance. However, these data also highlighted important differences between the two microdystrophin constructs. GT1, with the nNOS-binding site, improved more markers of exercise-driven adaptations in metabolic enzyme activity of limb muscles, while GT2, without the nNOS-binding site, demonstrated greater protection of diaphragm strength after chronic voluntary endurance exercise but decreased mitochondrial respiration in the context of running.
2024-02-19
2024-02-19
2023-06-26
Article - Refereed
1664-042X
PMC10330712
1166206 (PII)
https://hdl.handle.net/10919/118037
https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2023.1166206
14
Grange, Robert [0000-0002-8288-2793]
37435312
1664-042X
en
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37435312
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Frontiers
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/491152023-06-14T17:01:32Zcom_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_18629col_10919_24308
Operationalizing the RE-AIM framework to evaluate the impact of multi-sector partnerships
Sweet, Shane N.
Ginis, Kathleen A. M.
Estabrooks, Paul A.
Latimer-Cheung, Amy E.
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Background
The RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance) framework is a reliable tool for the translation of research to practice. This framework has been widely applied to assess the impact of individual interventions. However, RE-AIM has rarely been used to evaluate implementation interventions, especially from multi-sector partnerships. The primary purpose of this paper is to operationalize the RE-AIM approach to evaluate large, multi-sector partnerships. SCI Action Canada, a community-university partnership aimed to promote physical activity among adults with spinal cord injury, is used as an example. A secondary purpose is to provide initial data from SCI Action Canada by using this conceptualization of RE-AIM.
Methods
Each RE-AIM element is operationalized for multi-sector partnerships. Specific to SCI Action Canada, seven reach calculations, four adoption rates, four effectiveness outcomes, one implementation, one organizational maintenance, and two individual maintenance outcomes are defined. The specific numerators based on SCI Action Canada activities are also listed for each of these calculations.
Results
The results are derived from SCI Action Canada activities. SCI Action Canada’s reach ranged from 3% (end-user direct national reach) to 37% (total regional reach). Adoption rates were 15% (provincial level adoption) to 76% (regional level adoption). Implementation and organizational maintenance rates were 92% and 100%, respectively.
Conclusions
We have operationalized the RE-AIM framework for larger multi-sectoral partnerships and demonstrated its applicability to such partnerships with SCI Action Canada. Future partnerships could use RE-AIM to assess their public health impact.
2014-06-26
2014-06-26
2014-06-12
2014-06-26
Article - Refereed
Implementation Science. 2014 Jun 12;9(1):74
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49115
https://doi.org/10.1186/1748-5908-9-74
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Shane N Sweet et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/558362023-06-14T17:01:37Zcom_10919_5523com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_5548col_10919_24308
Healthy Weights for Healthy Kids, Smart Activities Lesson, Experience: Calorie Countdown
Serrano, Elena L.
Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE)
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
4-H Food, Nutrition, & Health
This is a lesson plan to teach students how different activities burn different amounts of calories.
2015-08-06
2015-08-06
2011
2014-06-03
Extension publication
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/55836
http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/348/348-999/348-999_PDF.pdf
en
Publication (Virginia Cooperative Extension) ; 348-999
Virginia Cooperative Extension materials are available for public use, re-print, or citation without further permission, provided the use includes credit to the author and to Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, and Virginia State University.
Virginia
United States
Virginia Cooperative Extension
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/852642023-05-08T19:40:48Zcom_10919_78629com_10919_78628com_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_24222com_10919_5532com_10919_24233col_10919_78791col_10919_79524col_10919_18629col_10919_24298col_10919_24308
Supporting maintenance of sugar-sweetened beverage reduction using automated versus live telephone support: findings from a randomized control trial
Zoellner, Jamie M.
You, Wen
Estabrooks, Paul A.
Chen, Yi-Chun Yvonnes
Davy, Brenda M.
Porter, Kathleen J.
Hedrick, Valisa E.
Bailey, Angela
Kružliaková, Natalie
Agricultural and Applied Economics
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Background
Although reducing sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake is an important behavioral strategy to improve health, no known SSB-focused behavioral trial has examined maintenance of SSB behaviors after an initial reduction. Guided by the RE-AIM framework, this study examines 6–18 month and 0–18 month individual-level maintenance outcomes from an SSB reduction trial conducted in a medically-underserved, rural Appalachia region of Virginia. Reach and implementation indicators are also reported.
Methods
Following completion of a 6-month, multi-component, behavioral RCT to reduce SSB intake (SIPsmartER condition vs. comparison condition), participants were further randomized to one of three 12-month maintenance conditions. Each condition included monthly telephone calls, but varied in mode and content: 1) interactive voice response (IVR) behavior support, 2) human-delivered behavior support, or 3) IVR control condition. Assessments included the Beverage Intake Questionnaire (BEVQ-15), weight, BMI, and quality of life. Call completion rates and costs were tracked. Analysis included descriptive statistics and multilevel mixed-effects linear regression models using intent-to-treat procedures.
Results
Of 301 subjects enrolled in the 6-month RCT, 242 (80%) were randomized into the maintenance phase and 235 (78%) included in the analyses. SIPsmartER participants maintained significant 0–18 month decreases in SSB. For SSB, weight, BMI and quality of life, there were no significant 6–18 month changes among SIPsmartER participants, indicating post-program maintenance. The IVR-behavior participants reported greater reductions in SSB kcals/day during the 6–18 month maintenance phase, compared to the IVR control participants (− 98 SSB kcals/day, 95% CI = − 196, − 0.55, p < 0.05); yet the human-delivered behavior condition was not significantly different from either the IVR-behavior condition (27 SSB kcals/day, 95% CI = − 69, 125) or IVR control condition (− 70 SSB kcals/day, 95% CI = − 209, 64). Call completion rates were similar across maintenance conditions (4.2–4.6 out of 11 calls); however, loss to follow-up was greatest in the IVR control condition. Approximated costs of IVR and human-delivered calls were remarkably similar (i.e., $3.15/participant/month or $38/participant total for the 12-month maintenance phase), yet implications for scalability and sustainability differ.
Conclusion
Overall, SIPsmartER participants maintained improvements in SSB behaviors. Using IVR to support SSB behaviors is effective and may offer advantages as a scalable maintenance strategy for real-world systems in rural regions to address excessive SSB consumption.
Trial registry
Clinicaltrials.gov; NCT02193009; Registered 11 July 2014. Retrospectively registered.
2018-10-08
2018-10-08
2018-10-04
2018-10-07
Article - Refereed
International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 2018 Oct 04;15(1):97
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/85264
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-018-0728-7
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The Author(s)
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1126362022-11-16T08:12:56Zcom_10919_91913com_10919_23198com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_91914col_10919_24308
Highly processed foods can be considered addictive substances based on established scientific criteria
Gearhardt, Ashley N.
DiFeliceantonio, Alexandra G.
Addiction criteria
Carbohydrates
Compulsion
Fat
Food addiction
Highly processed foods
Nicotine
Reinforcement
Smoking
Tobacco
Background: There is growing evidence that an addictive-eating phenotype may exist. There is significant debate regarding whether highly processed foods (HPFs; foods with refined carbohydrates and/or added fats) are addictive. The lack of scientifically grounded criteria to evaluate the addictive nature of HPFs has hindered the resolution of this debate.
Analysis: The most recent scientific debate regarding a substance’s addictive potential centered around tobacco. In 1988, the Surgeon General issued a report identifying tobacco products as addictive based on three primary scientific criteria: their ability to (1) cause highly controlled or compulsive use, (2) cause psychoactive (i.e. mood-altering) effects via their effect on the brain and (3) reinforce behavior. Scientific advances have now identified the ability of tobacco products to (4) trigger strong urges or craving as another important indicator of addictive potential. Here, we propose that these four criteria provide scientifically valid benchmarks that can be used to evaluate the addictiveness of HPFs. Then, we review the evidence regarding whether HPFs meet each criterion. Finally, we consider the implications of labeling HPFs as addictive. Conclusion: Highly processed foods (HPFs) can meet the criteria to be labeled as addictive substances using the standards set for tobacco products. The addictive potential of HPFs may be a key factor contributing to the high public health costs associated with a food environment dominated by cheap, accessible and heavily marketed HPFs.
2022-11-15
2022-11-15
2022
Article - Refereed
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/112636
https://doi.org/10.1111/add.16065
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Wiley
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/558272023-06-14T17:01:28Zcom_10919_5523com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_5548col_10919_24308
Healthy Weights for Healthy Kids, Smart Foods Lesson, Experience: Nutrient Navigation
Serrano, Elena L.
Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE)
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
4-H Food, Nutrition, & Health
This activity will teach students why different food groups and nutrients are important to maintain a healthy diet.
2015-08-06
2015-08-06
2011
2011-06-09
Extension publication
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/55827
http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/349/349-013/349-013_pdf.pdf
en
Publication (Virginia Cooperative Extension) ; 349-013
Virginia Cooperative Extension materials are available for public use, re-print, or citation without further permission, provided the use includes credit to the author and to Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, and Virginia State University.
Virginia
United States
Virginia Cooperative Extension
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1156062023-07-01T07:16:28Zcom_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_24308
FoxO1 regulates adipose transdifferentiation and iron influx by mediating Tgf beta 1 signaling pathway
Shi, Limin
Tao, Zhipeng
Zheng, Louise
Yang, Jinying
Hu, Xinran
Scott, Karen
de Kloet, Annette
Krause, Eric
Collins, James F.
Cheng, Zhiyong
transcription factor foxo1
insulin-resistance
tissue
adipocytes
metabolism
autophagy
growth
mice
lessons
humans
Adipose plasticity is critical for metabolic homeostasis. Adipocyte transdifferentiation plays an important role in adipose plasticity, but the molecular mechanism of transdifferentiation remains incompletely understood. Here we show that the transcription factor FoxO1 regulates adipose transdifferentiation by mediating Tgf beta 1 signaling pathway. Tgf beta 1 treatment induced whitening phenotype in beige adipocytes, reducing UCP1 and mitochondrial capacity and enlarging lipid droplets. Deletion of adipose FoxO1 (adO1KO) dampened Tgf beta 1 signaling by downregulating Tgfbr2 and Smad3 and induced browning of adipose tissue in mice, increasing UCP1 and mitochondrial content and activating metabolic pathways. Silencing FoxO1 also abolished the whitening effect of Tgf beta 1 on beige adipocytes. The adO1KO mice exhibited a significantly higher energy expenditure, lower fat mass, and smaller adipocytes than the control mice. The browning phenotype in adO1KO mice was associated with an increased iron content in adipose tissue, concurrent with upregulation of proteins that facilitate iron uptake (DMT1 and TfR1) and iron import into mitochondria (Mfrn1). Analysis of hepatic and serum iron along with hepatic iron-regulatory proteins (ferritin and ferroportin) in the adO1KO mice revealed an adipose tissue-liver crosstalk that meets the increased iron requirement for adipose browning. The FoxO1-Tgf beta 1 signaling cascade also underlay adipose browning induced by beta 3-AR agonist CL316243. Our study provides the first evidence of a FoxO1-Tgf beta 1 axis in the regulation of adipose browning-whitening trans-differentiation and iron influx, which sheds light on the compromised adipose plasticity in conditions of dysregulated FoxO1 and Tgf beta 1 signaling.
2023-06-30
2023-06-30
2023-07
Article - Refereed
2213-2317
102727
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/115606
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2023.102727
63
37156218
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Elsevier
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1178872024-02-09T08:08:51Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_24308
Impacting Community Well-Being Through Effective Engagement Using the Stakeholder Engagement in Research Question Development Method
Rafie, Carlin
Zimmerman, Emily
Hargrove, Angelina
Biney-Amissay, Theodora
Lee, Samantha
community engagement
Engagement methods
3903 Education systems
2024-02-08
2024-02-08
2024
Article - Refereed
https://hdl.handle.net/10919/117887
Rafie, Carlin [0000-0002-1402-5650]
en
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
In Copyright
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/558192023-06-14T17:01:36Zcom_10919_5523com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_5548col_10919_24308
Healthy Weights for Healthy Kids, Smart Snacks Lesson, Experience: Commercializing Ourselves
Serrano, Elena L.
Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE)
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
4-H Food, Nutrition, & Health
In this lesson students will learn about different advertising techniques used by the food industry and how those advertisements may affect nutritional habits.
2015-08-06
2015-08-06
2011
2011-06-16
Extension publication
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/55819
http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/349/349-005/349-005_pdf.pdf
en
Publication (Virginia Cooperative Extension) ; 349-005
Virginia Cooperative Extension materials are available for public use, re-print, or citation without further permission, provided the use includes credit to the author and to Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, and Virginia State University.
Virginia
United States
Virginia Cooperative Extension
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/739932023-11-29T19:07:02Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_5540com_10919_24233com_10919_5532com_10919_111086col_10919_70873col_10919_71752col_10919_24308col_10919_111087
Targeting FoxO1 with AS1842856 Suppresses Adipogenesis
Zou, Peng
Liu, Longhua
Zheng, Louise
Liu, Lu
Stoneman, Rebecca E.
Cho, Alicia
Emery, Ashley
Gilbert, Elizabeth R.
Cheng, Zhiyong
Animal and Poultry Sciences
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Cell Biology
adipogenesis
AS1842856
FoxO1
mitochondria
Obesity
Activated receptor-gamma
White adipose-tissue
Adipocyte differentiation
Nutrient homeostasis
Insulin
Fat
Cells
Hyperplasia (i.e., increased adipogenesis) contributes to excess adiposity, the hallmark of obesity that can trigger metabolic complications. As FoxO1 has been implicated in adipogenic regulation, we investigated the kinetics of FoxO1 activation during adipocyte differentiation, and tested the effects of FoxO1 antagonist (AS1842856) on adipogenesis. We found for the first time that the kinetics of FoxO1 activation follows a series of sigmoid curves, and reveals the phases relevant to clonal expansion, cell cycle arrest, and the regulation of PPAR?, adiponectin, and mitochondrial proteins (complexes I and III). In addition, multiple activation-inactivation transitions exist in the stage of terminal differentiation. Importantly, persistent inhibition of FoxO1 with AS1842856 almost completely suppressed adipocyte differentiation, while selective inhibition in specific stages had differential effects on adipogenesis. Our data present a new view of FoxO1 in adipogenic regulation, and suggest AS1842856 can be an anti-obesity agent that warrants further investigation.
2017-01-06
2017-01-06
2014-12-01
Article - Refereed
1538-4101
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73993
https://doi.org/10.4161/15384101.2014.965977
13
23
en
http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000348329200018&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=930d57c9ac61a043676db62af60056c1
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported
Taylor & Francis
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/713582024-03-12T15:58:43Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_24308
The Availability of Competitive Foods and Beverages to Middle School Students in Appalachian Virginia Before Implementation of the 2014 Smart Snacks in School Standards
Mann, Georgianna Rhodes
Kraak, Vivica
Serrano, Elena L.
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
School nutrition
Child nutrition
The study objective was to examine the nutritional quality of competitive foods and beverages (foods and beverages from vending machines and à la carte foods) available to rural middle school students, before implementation of the US Department of Agriculture’s Smart Snacks in School standards in July 2014. In spring 2014, we audited vending machines and à la carte cafeteria foods and beverages in 8 rural Appalachian middle schools in Virginia. Few schools had vending machines. Few à la carte and vending machine foods met Smart Snacks in School standards (36.5%); however, most beverages did (78.2%). The major challenges to meeting standards were fat and sodium content of foods. Most competitive foods (62.2%) did not meet new standards, and rural schools with limited resources will likely require assistance to fully comply.
2016-06-15
2016-06-15
2015-09
Article - Refereed
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71358
12
en
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/
Public Domain (U.S.)
Virginia
United States
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1092742023-03-13T17:00:30Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_24308
Complementary use of wearable technology 2: A case study in gait symmetry
Williams, Jay H.
Rizzuto, Samuel F.
Whitaker, Emily J.
Dillard, Brandon A.
The goal of this investigation was to demonstrate the usefulness of combining wearable technology devices to gain a more complete understanding of gait symmetry. To accomplish this, we examined gait symmetry in an athlete during rehabilitation from anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.
2022-03-09
2022-03-09
2021-09-01
2022-03-09
Article
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/109274
138
Sep
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1074522022-06-17T18:58:50Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_24308
Mitochondria-localized AMPK responds to local energetics and contributes to exercise and energetic stress-induced mitophagy
Drake, Joshua C.
Wilson, Rebecca J.
Laker, Rhianna C.
Guan, Yuntian
Spaulding, Hannah R.
Nichenko, Anna S.
Shen, Wenqing
Shang, Huayu
Dorn, Maya
Huang, Kian
Zhang, Mei
Bandara, Aloka B.
Brisendine, Matthew H.
Kashatus, Jennifer A.
Sharma, Poonam R.
Young, Alexander
Gautam, Jitendra
Cao, Ruofan
Wallrabe, Horst
Chang, Paul A.
Wong, Michael
Desjardins, Eric M.
Hawley, Simon A.
Christ, George J.
Kashatus, David F.
Miller, Clint L.
Wolf, Matthew J.
Periasamy, Ammasi
Steinberg, Gregory R.
Hardie, D. Grahame
Yan, Zhen
mitochondria
AMPK
skeletal muscle
exercise
mitophagy
ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE
SKELETAL-MUSCLE
SUBCELLULAR-DISTRIBUTION
RAT-LIVER
MITOTIMER
RETICULUM
AUTOPHAGY
GENE
SITE
PHOSPHORYLATION
AMPK
Mitochondria form a complex, interconnected reticulum that is maintained through coordination among biogenesis, dynamic fission, and fusion and mitophagy, which are initiated in response to various cues to maintain energetic homeostasis. These cellular events, which make up mitochondrial quality control, act with remarkable spatial precision, but what governs such spatial specificity is poorly understood. Herein, we demonstrate that specific isoforms of the cellular bioenergetic sensor, 5′ AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPKα1/ α2/β2/γ1), are localized on the outer mitochondrial membrane, referred to as mitoAMPK, in various tissues in mice and humans. Activation of mitoAMPK varies across the reticulum in response to energetic stress, and inhibition of mitoAMPK activity attenuates exercise-induced mitophagy in skeletal muscle in vivo. Discovery of a mitochondrial pool of AMPK and its local importance for mitochondrial quality control underscores the complexity of sensing cellular energetics in vivo that has implications for targeting mitochondrial energetics for disease treatment.
2022-01-07
2022-01-07
2021-09-14
2022-01-07
Article - Refereed
0027-8424
2025932118 (PII)
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/107452
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2025932118
118
37
Bandara, Aloka [0000-0002-2562-1810]
Drake, Joshua [0000-0001-6658-4975]
34493662
1091-6490
en
http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000703999300020&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=930d57c9ac61a043676db62af60056c1
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
National Academy of Sciences
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/868222023-05-08T19:40:48Zcom_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_24222com_10919_5532com_10919_24233col_10919_18629col_10919_24298col_10919_24308
A systematic review of factors that influence food store owner and manager decision making and ability or willingness to use choice architecture and marketing mix strategies to encourage healthy consumer purchases in the United States, 2005–2017
Houghtaling, Bailey
Serrano, Elena L.
Kraak, Vivica
Harden, Samantha M.
Davis, George C.
Misyak, Sarah A.
Agricultural and Applied Economics
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Background
Altering food store environments is a promising approach to encourage healthy product purchases by consumers to improve their diet quality and health. Food store owners and managers are intermediaries to ensure that environmental changes are enacted. Despite their role as gatekeepers to implement and sustain healthy food environment changes, no systematic review has been published that examines food store owner and manager (retailer) data. Thus a review of retailer information available within the expansive United States (US) food environment literature was the purpose of this research.
Methods
The PRISMA protocol was used. A search strategy, including published articles from years 1980–2017, was applied to six databases to locate relevant articles that addressed the perspective of food store retailers in the US. Data were extracted, organized, and agreed upon between two authors based on pre-designed constructs: (1) a social-ecological model to capture factors that influence retailer decision making; and (2) a marketing-mix and choice-architecture framework to examine perspectives of applied (or the prospective application of) strategies at the store-level. Study quality was assessed using quality criteria checklists for qualitative and quantitative research.
Results
Thirty-one articles met inclusion criteria and most studies (n = 22) were qualitative and conducted in urban food stores (n = 23). Multiple social-ecological factors influenced retailer decision making and ability or willingness to use marketing-mix and choice-architecture strategies to improve consumers’ healthy choices to support dietary quality. These factors included: conflicting training outcomes to enhance retailers’ knowledge and skills (individual, n = 9); the importance of trust (interpersonal, n = 8); views about marketing-mix and choice-architecture strategies in the food environment (n = 25); consumer demand or demographics (community, n = 19); supplier and food store management variables (systems or sectors, n = 18); local and federal policy (n = 8); and support for community health (norms/values, n = 8).
Conclusions
Research partnerships can support favorable business and public health outcomes to align with retailers’ business models and available resources. A participatory and translational approach to food environment research will likely maximize public health impact. Urban and rural food store retailers are important actors for future research to inform the feasibility of store retailers to apply MMCA strategies that are profitable and promote health.
2019-01-22
2019-01-22
2019-01-14
2019-01-20
Article - Refereed
International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 2019 Jan 14;16(1):5
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/86822
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-019-0767-8
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The Author(s)
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/998142022-03-29T21:23:29Zcom_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532com_10919_111086col_10919_78882col_10919_24308col_10919_111087
Overfeeding and Substrate Availability, But Not Age or BMI, Alter Human Satellite Cell Function
Fausnacht, Dane W.
McMillan, Ryan P.
Boutagy, Nabil E.
Lupi, Ryan A.
Harvey, Mordecai M.
Davy, Brenda M.
Davy, Kevin P.
Rhoads, Robert P.
Hulver, Matthew W.
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Animal and Poultry Sciences
overfeeding
Aging
skeletal muscle
Satellite cells (SC) aid skeletal muscle growth and regeneration. SC-mediated skeletal muscle repair can both be influenced by and exacerbate several diseases linked to a fatty diet, obesity, and aging. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of different lifestyle factors on SC function, including body mass index (BMI), age, and high-fat overfeeding. For this study, SCs were isolated from the vastus lateralis of sedentary young (18–30 years) and sedentary older (60–80 years) men with varying BMIs (18–32 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), as well as young sedentary men before and after four weeks of overfeeding (OVF) (55% fat/ + 1000 kcal, <i>n</i> = 4). The isolated SCs were then treated in vitro with a control (5 mM glucose, 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS)) or a high substrate growth media (HSM) (10% FBS, 25 mM glucose, and 400 μM 2:1 oleate–palmitate). Cells were assessed on their ability to proliferate, differentiate, and fuel substrate oxidation after differentiation. The effect of HSM was measured as the percentage difference between SCs exposed to HSM compared to control media. In vitro SC function was not affected by donor age. OVF reduced SC proliferation rates (–19% <i>p</i> < 0.05) but did not influence differentiation. Cellular proliferation in response to HSM was correlated to the donor’s body mass index (BMI) (<i>r</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.6121, <i>p</i> < 0.01). When exposed to HSM, SCs from normal weight (BMI 18–25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) participants exhibited reduced proliferation and fusion rates with increased fatty-acid oxidation (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while SCs from participants with higher BMIs (BMI 25–32 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) demonstrated enhanced proliferation in HSM. HSM reduced proliferation and fusion (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in SCs isolated from subjects before OVF, whereas HSM exposure accelerated proliferation and fusion in SCs collected following OVF. These results indicated that diet has a greater influence on SC function than age and BMI. Though age and BMI do not influence in vitro SC function when grown in controlled conditions, both factors influenced the response of SCs to substrate challenges, indicating age and BMI may mediate responses to diet.
2020-08-21
2020-08-21
2020-07-24
2020-08-21
Article - Refereed
Fausnacht, D.W.; McMillan, R.P.; Boutagy, N.E.; Lupi, R.A.; Harvey, M.M.; Davy, B.M.; Davy, K.P.; Rhoads, R.P.; Hulver, M.W. Overfeeding and Substrate Availability, But Not Age or BMI, Alter Human Satellite Cell Function. Nutrients 2020, 12, 2215.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99814
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12082215
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
MDPI
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1067192022-03-29T18:37:35Zcom_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_24308
Understanding and applying the RE-AIM framework: Clarifications and resources
Holtrop, Jodi Summers
Estabrooks, Paul A.
Gaglio, Bridget
Harden, Samantha M.
Kessler, Rodger S.
King, Diane K.
Kwan, Bethany M.
Ory, Marcia G.
Rabin, Borsika A.
Shelton, Rachel C.
Glasgow, Russell E.
RE-AIM
implementation science framework
generalization
PRISM
context
adaptation
Sustainability
Introduction: Understanding, categorizing, and using implementation science theories, models, and frameworks is a complex undertaking. The issues involved are even more challenging given the large number of frameworks and that some of them evolve significantly over time. As a consequence, researchers and practitioners may be unintentionally mischaracterizing frameworks or basing actions and conclusions on outdated versions of a framework. Methods: This paper addresses how the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance) framework has been described, summarizes how the model has evolved over time, and identifies and corrects several misconceptions. Results: We address 13 specific areas where misconceptions have been noted concerning the use of RE-AIM and summarize current guidance on these issues. We also discuss key changes to RE-AIM over the past 20 years, including the evolution to Pragmatic Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model, and provide resources for potential users to guide application of the framework. Conclusions: RE-AIM and many other theories and frameworks have evolved, been misunderstood, and sometimes been misapplied. To some degree, this is inevitable, but we conclude by suggesting some actions that reviewers, framework developers, and those selecting or applying frameworks can do to prevent or alleviate these problems.
2021-11-23
2021-11-23
2021-05-14
Article - Refereed
e126
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/106719
https://doi.org/10.1017/cts.2021.789
5
1
34367671
2059-8661
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/743472023-06-14T17:01:24Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_8195com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_78797col_10919_24308
A Meta-Analysis of Soccer Injuries on Artificial Turf and Natural Grass
Williams, Jay H.
Akogyrem, Emmanuel
Williams, Jeremy R.
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
The goal of this investigation was to determine if playing or training on third-generation artificial turf (AT) surfaces increases the incidence rate of injuries compared to natural grass (NG) surfaces. This was accomplished by a meta-analysis performed on previously published research. Eight studies met the criteria of competitive soccer players, participation on both surfaces, and presentation of both exposure time and injury occurrence. Exposure time and injury incidence values were used to generate injury rate ratios (IRRs, AT/NG) for all injuries as well as specific injuries. Subgroup analyses were also performed by condition (match or training), gender, and age (youth or adult). The overall IRR was 0.86 (P < 0.05) suggesting a lower injury risk on AT than NG. However, there was considerable heterogeneity between studies. Analyses of individual injuries and subgroups found that in many cases IRR values were significantly less than 1.0. In no case was the IRR significantly greater than 1.0. Based on this, it appears that the risk of sustaining an injury on AT under some conditions might be lowered compared to NG. However, until more is known about how issues such as altered playing styles affect injury incidence, it is difficult to make firm conclusions regarding the influence of AT on player safety.
2017-01-16
2017-01-16
2013
Article - Refereed
Review
Jay H. Williams, Emmanuel Akogyrem, and Jeremy R. Williams, “A Meta-Analysis of Soccer Injuries on Artificial Turf and Natural Grass,” Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 2013, Article ID 380523, 6 pages, 2013. doi:10.1155/2013/380523
2356-7651
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/74347
https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/380523
2013
en
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26464877
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Copyright © 2013 Jay H. Williams et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/815632023-06-14T17:01:35Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_5523com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_5548col_10919_24308
Can flaxseed lower cholesterol levels?
Ju, Young H.
Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE)
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Health & Nutrition
Provides information about flaxseed and how it might help with lowering cholesterol.
2018-01-07
2018-01-07
2017-10-13
Article - Refereed
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/81563
https://pubs.ext.vt.edu/content/dam/pubs_ext_vt_edu/HNFE/hnfe-444p/HNFE-444P.pdf
en
Publication (Virginia Cooperative Extension) ; HNFE-444P
Virginia Cooperative Extension materials are available for public use, re-print, or citation without further permission, provided the use includes credit to the author and to Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, and Virginia State University.
Virginia Cooperative Extension
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/895872023-06-14T17:01:36Zcom_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_24308
Engaging values in sustainable agriculture and food systems education: Toward an explicitly values-based pedagogical approach
Galt, Ryan E.
Clark, Susan F.
Parr, Damian
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
appreciate inquiry
experiential learning
food systems
integrative learning
land-grant universities
sustainable agriculture
values
Agriculture education programs that provide integrative learning experiences that reflect the complexities, values, and challenges inherent to sustainable agriculture and food systems (SAFS) continue to evolve as faculty, staff, and students implement, experience, and modify them. Higher education institutions, especially land-grant universities, have strengths that position them to implement transformative learning and action methodologies. In this article we explore the principles, approaches, and practices consistent with integrative learning and a values-based pedagogical approach to curriculum design and teaching specific to SAFS. By a values-based pedagogical approach, we mean paying explicit attention to the values that (1) underpin different agricultural and food systems and their governance, (2) inform and shape educational strategies and experiences, and (3) are held by different individuals in various encounters in the learning environment. A values-based approach to SAFS curriculum development, teaching, and integrative learning is dynamic rather than static. We provide illustrations of practices across the education "life-cycle" - curriculum design, implementation, and evaluation - that have used values-based pedagogy to guide the development, modification, and strengthening of SAFS curricula. Finally, we discuss some limitations and issues that arise when using such pedagogical frameworks. We conclude by challenging educators to focus on connecting values relevant to SAFS with innovative curricular practices that allow emergence of new ways of teaching, learning, and knowing for all.
2019-05-21
2019-05-21
2012
Article - Refereed
Galt, R. E., Clark, S. F., & Parr, D. (2012). Engaging values in sustainable agriculture and food systems education: Toward an explicitly values-based pedagogical approach. Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, 2(3), 43–54.
https://doi.org/10.5304/jafscd.2012.023.006
2152-0798
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/89587
https://doi.org/10.5304/jafscd.2012.023.006
2
3
2152-0801
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1067592021-12-20T14:04:59Zcom_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_78882col_10919_24308
The Safe and Effective Use of Plant-Based Diets with Guidelines for Health Professionals
Craig, Winston J.
Mangels, Ann Reed
Fresán, Ujué
Marsh, Kate
Miles, Fayth L.
Saunders, Angela V.
Haddad, Ella H.
Heskey, Celine E.
Johnston, Patricia
Larson-Meyer, D. Enette
Orlich, Michael
Plant-based diets, defined here as including both vegan and lacto-ovo-vegetarian diets, are growing in popularity throughout the Western world for various reasons, including concerns for human health and the health of the planet. Plant-based diets are more environmentally sustainable than meat-based diets and have a reduced environmental impact, including producing lower levels of greenhouse gas emissions. Dietary guidelines are normally formulated to enhance the health of society, reduce the risk of chronic diseases, and prevent nutritional deficiencies. We reviewed the scientific data on plant-based diets to summarize their preventative and therapeutic role in cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, obesity, and osteoporosis. Consuming plant-based diets is safe and effective for all stages of the life cycle, from pregnancy and lactation, to childhood, to old age. Plant-based diets, which are high in fiber and polyphenolics, are also associated with a diverse gut microbiota, producing metabolites that have anti-inflammatory functions that may help manage disease processes. Concerns about the adequate intake of a number of nutrients, including vitamin B12, calcium, vitamin D, iron, zinc, and omega-3 fats, are discussed. The use of fortified foods and/or supplements as well as appropriate food choices are outlined for each nutrient. Finally, guidelines are suggested for health professionals working with clients consuming plant-based diets.
2021-11-29
2021-11-29
2021-11-19
2021-11-25
Article - Refereed
Craig, W.J.; Mangels, A.R.; Fresán, U.; Marsh, K.; Miles, F.L.; Saunders, A.V.; Haddad, E.H.; Heskey, C.E.; Johnston, P.; Larson-Meyer, E.; Orlich, M. The Safe and Effective Use of Plant-Based Diets with Guidelines for Health Professionals. Nutrients 2021, 13, 4144.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/106759
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13114144
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
MDPI
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1043732021-10-08T16:43:29Zcom_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_78882col_10919_24308
A Qualitative Study of Motivators, Strategies, Barriers, and Learning Needs Related to Healthy Cooking during Pregnancy
Garcia, Travertine
Duncanson, Kerith
Shrewsbury, Vanessa A.
Wolfson, Julia A.
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
pregnancy
culinary nutrition
cooking skills
diet quality
food skills
cooking education
qualitative study
Nutrition during pregnancy has lifelong impacts on the health of mother and child. However, this life stage presents unique challenges to healthy cooking and eating. Cooking interventions show promising results, but often lack theoretical basis and rigorous evaluation. The objective of this formative, qualitative study was to explore motivators, strategies, and barriers related to healthy cooking during pregnancy. Pregnant individuals’ preferences for a cooking education program were also explored. We conducted five focus groups with pregnant individuals (<i>n</i> = 20) in Southeast Michigan in 2019. Focus groups were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim, then double coded by two members of the research team. Mean gestational age was 18.3 ± 9.6 weeks. Common motivators included feeding other children, avoiding pregnancy complications, promoting fetal growth, and avoiding foodborne illness. Challenges included pregnancy symptoms, navigating nutrition recommendations, mental energy of meal planning, family preferences, and time constraints. Strategies employed were meal planning and including a variety of foods. Participants identified organizational strategies, recipes, nutrition information, and peer support as important components of a cooking intervention during pregnancy. This study characterized multiple challenges to healthy home cooking during pregnancy, providing novel insight to inform the development of cooking skills education programs during this important life stage.
2021-07-23
2021-07-23
2021-07-13
2021-07-23
Article - Refereed
Garcia, T.; Duncanson, K.; Shrewsbury, V.A.; Wolfson, J.A. A Qualitative Study of Motivators, Strategies, Barriers, and Learning Needs Related to Healthy Cooking during Pregnancy. Nutrients 2021, 13, 2395.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104373
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13072395
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
MDPI
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1070122022-03-20T20:11:38Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_24308
A Multi-Dimensional Digital Food and Nutrition Literacy Model to Enable Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Adults to Make Health Purchases in an Online Food Retail Ecosystem: A Scoping Review to Inform U.S. Policies
Kraak, Vivica
Consavage Stanley, Katherine
Harrigan, Paige B.
Serrano, Elena L.
Background: The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic disrupted the food supply, distribution and services and led to major changes in the federal government’s safety-net programs. This paper synthesizes evidence for the literacy needs of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) eligible adults who receive benefits from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) to purchase groceries in an online food retail ecosystem.
Methods: We conducted a scoping review of four electronic databases and gray literature sources to synthesize evidence in a narrative review to recommend actions for U.S. institutions. Step 1 identified health, food, nutrition, digital, media and marketing literacy frameworks and models to develop a multi-dimensional literacy model to inform policies for SNAP participants operating in an online food retail ecosystem. Step 2 identified U.S. cross-sectional or intervention studies that evaluated food or nutrition literacy including SNAP-eligible adults, and the multi-dimensional literacy model was used to evaluate these studies. Both steps informed recommended policies and actions to strengthen SNAP participants’ literacy skills for healthy grocery purchases online.
Results: We examined 40 literacy frameworks to develop a multi-dimensional, five-step, digital food and nutrition literacy model that included functional, interactive, communicative, critical and translational literacy. We used the model to review and evaluate 18 U.S. food and nutrition literacy studies. While adults with higher food or nutrition literacy scores had better cognitive, behavioral, food security or health status outcomes, there were no consistent findings across the studies. No frameworks examined digital literacy, three studies reported using a conceptual framework, and six studies examined SNAP or SNAP-Education (SNAP-Ed) outcomes. The results are used to recommend policies and actions for the U.S. Congress and federal agencies to strengthen the digital food and nutrition literacy infrastructure; and for USDA, industry, foundations, researchers and civil society organizations to address the digital food and nutrition literacy needs of SNAP adults who order groceries online.
Conclusions: The post-COVID food shopping trends underscore the need to enable SNAP participants at risk of food insecurity to develop many types of literacy skills to navigate the in-store “path to purchase” to the online digital food ecosystem in order to make healthy food and beverage product choices that align with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) 2020-2025 and USDA’s MyPlate. Future research should test this multi-dimensional food and nutrition literacy model, validate metrics to measure progress to achieve the outcomes, and develop dissemination tools tailored for SNAP participants. Diverse strategies could be implemented by U.S. government agencies, retailers, foundations and non-governmental organizations to strengthen digital literacy and the infrastructure for a healthy online food retail ecosystem.
2021-12-15
2021-12-15
2021-05
2021-12-15
Report
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/107012
Kraak, Vivica [0000-0002-9303-5530]
en
A Multi-Dimensional Digital Food and Nutrition Literacy Model to Enable Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Adults to Make Health Purchases in an Online Food Retail Ecosystem. A Scoping Review to Inform U.S. Policies.
Final report submitted to the RWJF Healthy Eating Research Office.
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
In Copyright
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/234262023-06-14T17:01:37Zcom_10919_5523com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_5548col_10919_24308
Calcium : build strong bones
Serrano, Elena L.
Sablik, Anna
Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE)
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
2013-07-30
2013-07-30
2003
Extension publication
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/23426
en
Publication (Virginia Cooperative Extension) ; 348-019
Virginia Cooperative Extension materials are available for public use, re-print, or citation without further permission, provided the use includes credit to the author and to Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, and Virginia State University.
Virginia Cooperative Extension
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1177082024-01-30T03:00:51Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_24308
Reply to M Mialon et al.
Kraak, Vivica
conflict of interest
research data availability
research practices
transparency
2024-01-29
2024-01-29
2023-09-13
Article - Refereed
2161-8313
S2161-8313(23)01341-8 (PII)
https://hdl.handle.net/10919/117708
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advnut.2023.07.002
14
5
Kraak, Vivica [0000-0002-9303-5530]
37709370
2156-5376
en
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37709370
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Elsevier
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/493982023-06-14T17:01:29Zcom_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_24308
Nescient helix-loop-helix 2 interacts with signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 to regulate transcription of prohormone convertase 1/3
Fox, D. L.
Good, Deborah J.
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
prothyrotropin-releasing hormone
gene-expression
prohormone
convertase-1
arcuate nucleus
body-weight
ob/ob mice
leptin
Obesity
nhlh2
proopiomelanocortin
endocrinology & metabolism
Mechanisms controlling body weight involve gene regulation through the activation of signal transduction pathways. The Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signal transduction pathway is the mechanism primarily used by leptin in the hypothalamus. The transcription factor nescient helix-loop-helix 2 (Nhlh2) is a downstream target of leptin signaling and is expressed in proopiomelanocortin arcuate neurons. Proopiomelanocortin is cleaved by prohormone convertase 1/3 (PC1/3) to produce peptides that regulate the body's response to energy availability. Previous studies show that the PC1/3 promoter contains STAT3 sites mediating leptin-induced PC1/3 expression, and that Nhlh2 is required for hypothalamic PC1/3 expression because Nhlh2 knockout mice have reduced PC1/3 mRNA levels. Studies herein reveal that leptin-induced PC1/3 gene expression is abrogated in N2KO mice, and that in a hypothalamic cell line both STAT3 and Nhlh2 are required for the full transcriptional response of a PC1/3 reporter gene after leptin stimulation. Furthermore, it is shown that Nhlh2 binds to E-box motifs found adjacent to STAT3 sites in the PC1/3 promoter both in vitro and in chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Finally, two different protein-protein interaction assays confirm the presence of a STAT3: Nhlh2 heterodimer on the PC1/3 promoter. The Nhlh2: STAT3 heterodimer may be an important transcriptional regulator of other hypothalamic genes in the leptin signaling pathway. These data confirm Nhlh2 as an integral element of the Janus kinase/STAT signaling pathway and are the first to demonstrate coordinated control of PC1/3 transcription by Nhlh2 and STAT3 after leptin stimulation.
2014-07-08
2014-07-08
2008-06
2014-07-07
Article - Refereed
Dana L. Fox, and Deborah J. Good. "Nescient Helix-Loop-Helix 2 Interacts with Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 to Regulate Transcription of Prohormone Convertase 1/3," Molecular Endocrinology 2008 22:6, 1438-1448. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/me.2008-0010
0888-8809
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49398
http://press.endocrine.org/doi/abs/10.1210/me.2008-0010
https://doi.org/10.1210/me.2008-0010
en
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
In Copyright
Endocrine Society
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/233952023-06-14T17:01:37Zcom_10919_5523com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_5548col_10919_24308
Jump rope rhymes
Serrano, Elena L.
Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE)
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
2013-07-30
2013-07-30
2005
Extension publication
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/23395
en
Publication (Virginia Cooperative Extension) ; 348-037
Virginia Cooperative Extension materials are available for public use, re-print, or citation without further permission, provided the use includes credit to the author and to Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, and Virginia State University.
Virginia Cooperative Extension
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1138982024-03-12T15:59:32Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532com_10919_91912com_10919_23198col_10919_70873col_10919_24308col_10919_91916
Implementation of a Multimodal Heart Failure Management Protocol in a Skilled Nursing Facility
Rockwell, Michelle S.
Cox, Emily
Locklear, Tonja
Hodges, Brandy
Mulkey, Stacey
Evans, Brandon
Epling, John W.
Stavola, Anthony R.
30-day readmission
hospital
quality improvement
remote dielectric sensing
Heart Disease
Cardiovascular
Health Services
Clinical Research
Hospitals and skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) are incentivized to reduce hospital readmissions among patients with heart failure (HF). We used the RE-AIM framework and mixed quantitative and qualitative data to evaluate the implementation of a multimodal HF management protocol (HFMP) administered in a SNF in 2021. Over 90% of eligible patients were enrolled in the HFMP (REACH). Of the 42 enrolled patients (61.9% female, aged 81.9 ± 8.9 years, 9.5% Medicaid), 2 (4.8%) were readmitted within 30 days of hospital discharge and 4 (9.5%) were readmitted within 30 days of SNF discharge compared with historical (2020) rates of 16.7% and 22.2%, respectively (a potential savings of $132,418–$176,573 in hospital costs) (EFFECTIVENESS). Although stakeholder feedback about ADOPTION and IMPLEMENTATION was largely positive, challenges associated with clinical data collection, documentation, and staff turnover were described. Findings will inform refinement of the HFMP to facilitate further testing and sustainability (MAINTENANCE).
2023-02-22
2023-02-22
2023-02
2023-02-22
Article - Refereed
2333-7214
10.1177_23337214221149274 (PII)
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/113898
https://doi.org/10.1177/23337214221149274
9
Epling, John [0000-0001-9445-8669]
Rockwell, Michelle [0000-0001-7910-6083]
36755744
2333-7214
en
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36755744
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
SAGE
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/955262020-12-17T15:59:03Zcom_10919_78629com_10919_78628com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_78791col_10919_24308
Mitochondrial Dysregulation in Skeletal Muscle from Patients Diagnosed with Alzheimer’s Disease and Sporadic Inclusion Body Myositis
Shabrokh, Elika
Kavanaugh, John
McMillan, Ryan P.
Pittman, Josh
Hulver, Matthew W.
Frisard, Madlyn I.
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Mitochondrial Dynamics
Autophagy
Mitochondrial Biogenesis
Amyloid Beta Precursor Protein
5’-AMP-Activated Protein Kinase
Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and disruption of mitochondrial dynamic pathways has been documented in brains from patients diagnosed with AD; although it is unclear whether other tissues are also affected. Much less is known about the mitochondria in patients diagnosed with sporadic Inclusion Body Myositis (sIBM). The current study examined mitochondrial biology in skeletal muscle from AD and sIBM patients compared to healthy, elderly individuals. Skeletal muscle samples were obtained from the National Disease Research Interchange and mRNA, protein content, and enzyme activity was used to assess mitochondrial parameters. Patients diagnosed with AD or sIBM demonstrated reduced mitofusin 2 and optic atrophy protein 1 protein. AD patients also displayed increased mRNA of superoxide dismutase 2, catalase, and uncoupling protein 3. Amyloid β precursor protein mRNA was higher in sIBM patients only compared to both AD patients and elderly individuals. Both total and phosphorylated AMPK protein content, an upstream regulator of mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis, were also reduced in sIBM patients. The current study demonstrates a disruption in signaling pathways regulating mitochondrial dynamics in both AD and sIBM patients, although the underlying causes may differ.
2019-11-13
2019-11-13
2014-05
Article - Refereed
Shabrokh, E., et al. (2014) Mitochondrial Dysregulation in Skeletal Muscle from Patients Diagnosed with Alzheimer’s Disease and Sporadic Inclusion Body Myositis. Open Journal of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, 4, 11-19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojmip.2014.42002
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/95526
https://doi.org/10.4236/ojmip.2014.42002
4
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Scientific Research Publishing
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/786602023-06-14T17:01:27Zcom_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_91913com_10919_23198com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_18629col_10919_91914col_10919_24308
Informing the development and uptake of a weight management intervention for preconception: a mixed-methods investigation of patient and provider perceptions
Harden, Samantha M.
Ramalingam, NithyaPriya S.
Wilson, Kathryn E.
Evans-Hoeker, Emily
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Fralin Biomedical Research Institute
Background
It is recommended for women to have a healthy body mass index before conception. However, there is limited research on appropriate preconception interventions for weight loss. Furthermore, there is a lack of knowledge on providers’ willingness to refer to particular behavioral interventions and the degree to which patients would attend those interventions.
Methods
A cross-section of 67 patients and 21 providers completed surveys related to their demographics and willingness to refer/attend a number of interventions for weight loss. A case study of three patients from the target audience was used to elicit detailed feedback on preconception weight status and weight loss intervention.
Results
Overall, patients were willing to attend a variety of interventions, regardless of BMI category. Focus group participants shared that weight loss prior to conception would be beneficial for them and their child, but cited barriers such as time, location, and the way providers encourage weight loss. Providers were willing to refer to a number of behavioral interventions, and were less willing to prescribe weight loss medications than other intervention options.
Conclusions
A number of intervention strategies may be well received by both patients and providers in preconception care to assist with weight loss prior to conception. Future research is needed on intervention effects and sustainability.
2017-08-03
2017-08-03
2017-02-06
2017-08-03
Article - Refereed
BMC Obesity. 2017 Feb 06;4(1):8
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78660
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40608-017-0144-6
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The Author(s)
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/819302023-11-29T19:07:51Zcom_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_5540com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_78882col_10919_71752col_10919_24308
Validation of a Rapid Method to Assess Habitual Beverage Intake Patterns
Hedrick, Valisa E.
Myers, Emily A.
Zoellner, Jamie M.
Duffey, Kiyah J.
Davy, Brenda M.
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
beverages
beverage quality
dietary patterns
dietary assessment
food frequency questionnaire
The Healthy Beverage Index (HBI) is an emerging approach to assess beverage pattern quality. HBI total scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater adherence to proposed beverage recommendations. However, assessing patterns is resource-intensive due to the need for extensive dietary data, typically 24-h dietary records or recalls. The BEVQ-15, a beverage intake questionnaire, may be used as an alternative method to rapidly measure HBI scores. The objective of this cross-sectional investigation is to assess the comparative validity of the HBI-Q, a method to rapidly assess HBI scores via the BEVQ-15, as compared to the traditional method of deriving HBI scores via dietary recalls/records. Between 2012 and 2016, a cross-sectional sample of adults in southwest Virginia completed three 24-h dietary recalls (30–60 min administration and analysis time per recall) and the BEVQ-15 (3–4 min administration time). HBI scores were generated by both methods, and compared via paired-samples <i>t</i>-tests, correlations, and Bland–Altman analysis. Among 404 adults (mean age = 40 years), total mean HBI scores were 63.7 from the HBI-Q and 67.3 from the recalls (mean difference = 3.6 out of 100; <i>r</i> = 0.63; both <i>p</i> ≤ 0.001). Agreement between the two methods for total HBI scores via Bland–Altman plots was 92%. Using the HBI-Q to rapidly assess HBI scores in adults will increase the utility of the HBI by decreasing the time and resources required, thus allowing researchers and practitioners to provide targeted feedback for improvement.
2018-01-25
2018-01-25
2018-01-13
2018-01-24
Article - Refereed
Hedrick, V.E.; Myers, E.A.; Zoellner, J.M.; Duffey, K.J.; Davy, B.M. Validation of a Rapid Method to Assess Habitual Beverage Intake Patterns. Nutrients 2018, 10, 83.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/81930
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10010083
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
MDPI
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1079302023-06-14T17:01:26Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_24308
Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior of Cancer Survivors and Non-Cancer Individuals: Results from a National Survey
Kim, Roy B.
Phillips, Allison
Herrick, Kirsten
Helou, Marieka
Rafie, Carlin
Anscher, Mitchell S.
Mikkelsen, Ross B.
Ning, Yi
quality-of-life
health behaviors
statistics
fatigue
men
Increasing physical activity and decreasing sedentary behavior are associated with a higher quality of life and lower mortality rates for cancer survivors, a growing population group. Studies detailing the behavior of cancer survivors are limited. Therefore, we investigated physical activity and sedentary behavior of cancer survivors using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2010. Participants were those who provided physical activity and sedentary behavior data. Those who were pregnant, <20 years old, or <3 years from their cancer diagnosis were excluded. A cancer case was a self-reported diagnosis by a physician. We identified 741 cancer survivors and 10,472 non-cancer participants. After adjustment for age, race, gender, education status, body mass index, and smoking status, cancer survivors (n = 10,472) reported significantly longer duration of sedentary behavior (OR = 1.42, 95% CI (1.12, 1.80) for 8 or more hours, p-value for trend = 0.09), compared to non-cancer participants (n = 741). They also reported non-significant increases in maximum intensity, duration, frequency, and energy expenditure, whereas they reported significant increases in moderate intensity (OR = 1.26, 95% CI (1.01, 1.57)), moderate frequency (1-4 times/week) (OR = 1.32, 95% CI (1.00, 1.74)), and moderate energy expenditure (4018.5-7623.5 kcal) (OR = 1.30, 95% CI (1.00, 1.71)) of physical activity, compared to non-cancer participants. These patterns are similar for breast and prostate cancer survivors, with prostate cancer survivors more likely to engage in physical activity for more than one hour per day (OR = 1.98, 95% CI (1.05, 3.71)). Our findings suggest that cancer survivors tend to have more physical activity, but they are also more likely to engage in sedentary behavior. © 2013 Kim et al.
2022-01-26
2022-01-26
2013-03-06
2022-01-26
Article - Refereed
1932-6203
PONE-D-12-32994 (PII)
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/107930
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0057598
8
3
Rafie, Carlin [0000-0002-1402-5650]
23483916
1932-6203
en
http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000316936100032&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=930d57c9ac61a043676db62af60056c1
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
PLoS
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/479822023-06-14T17:01:29Zcom_10919_78629com_10919_78628com_10919_24216com_10919_5539com_10919_24259com_10919_5559com_10919_24233com_10919_5532com_10919_23765com_10919_23274col_10919_78630col_10919_24286col_10919_24342col_10919_24308col_10919_24353col_10919_23275
Dielectrophoretic differentiation of mouse ovarian surface epithelial cells, macrophages, and fibroblasts using contactless dielectrophoresis
Salmanzadeh, Alireza
Kittur, Harsha
Sano, Michael B.
Roberts, Paul C.
Schmelz, Eva M.
Davalos, Rafael V.
Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics
Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science
School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences
Force microscopy
Breast cancer
Dielectrics
Stem-cells
Separation
Blood
Electrorotation
Biomarkers
Frequency
Membranes
Biochemical research methods
Biophysics
Nanoscience & nanotechnology
Physics, fluids & plasmas
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecological malignancies in women. The primary challenge is the detection of the cancer at an early stage, since this drastically increases the survival rate. In this study we investigated the dielectrophoretic responses of progressive stages of mouse ovarian surface epithelial (MOSE) cells, as well as mouse fibroblast and macrophage cell lines, utilizing contactless dielectrophoresis (cDEP). cDEP is a relatively new cell manipulation technique that has addressed some of the challenges of conventional dielectrophoretic methods. To evaluate our microfluidic device performance, we computationally studied the effects of altering various geometrical parameters, such as the size and arrangement of insulating structures, on dielectrophoretic and drag forces. We found that the trapping voltage of MOSE cells increases as the cells progress from a non-tumorigenic, benign cell to a tumorigenic, malignant phenotype. Additionally, all MOSE cells display unique behavior compared to fibroblasts and macrophages, representing normal and inflammatory cells found in the peritoneal fluid. Based on these findings, we predict that cDEP can be utilized for isolation of ovarian cancer cells from peritoneal fluid as an early cancer detection tool. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3699973] Actual pdf downloaded from NCBI.
2014-05-14
2014-05-14
2012-06-01
2014-05-09
Article - Refereed
Salmanzadeh, A.; Kittur, H.; Sano, M. B.; Roberts, P. C.; Schmelz, E. M.; Davalos, R. V., "Dielectrophoretic differentiation of mouse ovarian surface epithelial cells, macrophages, and fibroblasts using contactless dielectrophoresis," Biomicrofluidics 6, 024104 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3699973
1932-1058
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/47982
http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/journal/bmf/6/2/10.1063/1.3699973
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3699973
en
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
In Copyright
American Institute of Physics
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/955232020-11-25T16:05:24Zcom_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_24308
Nhlh2 is a Cold-Responsive Gene
Vella, Kristen R.
Good, Deborah J.
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
NSCL-2
Hen2
hypothalamus
cold exposure
TRH
transcription factors
gene regulation
Nescient helix-loop-helix 2 (Nhlh2) is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that functions to communicate signals of energy availability. Based on the expression pattern of Nhlh2 in cold-sensitive areas of the hypothalamus, we hypothesized that mice containing a targeted deletion of Nhlh2 would be unable to maintain body temperature and that Nhlh2 gene expression would vary with cold exposure. Following cold exposure, Nhlh2 mRNA levels are significantly reduced throughout the hypothalamus. Furthermore, mice with a targeted deletion of Nhlh2 (N2KO mice) are unable to maintain body weight at 4oC. This paper attempts to describe these new results as they relate to the ongoing gene regulation that occurs in the hypothalamus following changes in energy availability brought about by food intake or cold exposure.
2019-11-13
2019-11-13
2010
Article - Refereed
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/95523
3
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported
Bentham Open
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/952022023-11-29T19:07:58Zcom_10919_5540com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_71752col_10919_24308
Advances in Nutrition Science and Integrative Physiology: Insights From Controlled Feeding Studies
Davy, Kevin P.
Davy, Brenda M.
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
controlled feeding study
dietary intake
biomarker
energy balance
weight gain
Nutrition science is a highly impactful but contentious area of biomedical science. Establishing cause and effect relationships between the nutrients and/or diets we consume and the avoidance of or risk of disease is extremely challenging. As such, evidence-based nutrition is best served by considering the totality of evidence across multiple study types including nutritional epidemiological studies, randomized controlled trials of behavioral interventions, and controlled feeding studies. The purpose of the present review is to provide an overview for those conducting research outside of clinical nutrition on how controlled feeding studies can be used to gain insight into integrative physiology/metabolism as well as to inform dietary guidelines. We discuss the rationale, basic elements, and complexities of conducting controlled feeding studies and provide examples of contributions of controlled feeding studies to advances in nutrition science and integrative physiology. Our goal is to provide a resource for those wishing to leverage the experimental advantage provided by controlled feeding studies in their own research programs.
2019-10-29
2019-10-29
2019-10-29
Article - Refereed
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/95202
https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.01341
10
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States
Frontiers
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1171872023-12-15T03:01:27Zcom_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532com_10919_24248com_10919_5555col_10919_78882col_10919_24308col_10919_24317
US Adults' Perceptions, Beliefs, and Behaviors towards Plant-Rich Dietary Patterns and Practices: International Food Information Council Food and Health Survey Insights, 2012-2022
Consavage Stanley, Katherine
Hedrick, Valisa E.
Serrano, Elena L.
Holz, Adrienne
Kraak, Vivica
Expert groups recommend that populations adopt dietary patterns higher in whole, plant-based foods and lower in red and processed meat as a high-impact climate action. Yet, there is limited understanding of populations' willingness to adopt plant-rich dietary patterns. This study examined United States (US) adults' perceptions, beliefs, and behaviors towards plant-rich dietary patterns and practices over a decade. Fifteen questions from the International Food Information Council's Food and Health Surveys (2012-2022) were analyzed across four sustainability domains (i.e., human health, environmental, social, and economic domains). Most respondents had favorable perceptions of environmentally sustainable food and beverages, but sustainability influenced less than half of consumers' purchase decisions. Plant-rich dietary pattern adherence increased across survey years (12.1% [2019] to 25.8% [2022], <i>p</i> < 0.001). One-quarter (28.1%) of Americans reported reducing their red meat intake over 12 months (2020-2022). Yet, another 15.5% reported greater red meat intake, and 18.8% reported greater plant-based meat alternative (PBMA) intake over 12 months. The percentage of respondents who reported greater red meat and PBMA consumption in the previous 12 months significantly increased across the years surveyed (2020-2022, <i>p</i> < 0.05). IFIC Survey findings highlight growing US consumer awareness of health, environmental, and social sustainability but low adoption of plant-rich dietary patterns and practices. Government leadership and coordinated actions by health professionals, civil society, and businesses are needed to educate and incentivize Americans to adopt plant-rich dietary behaviors, and greater industry transparency is needed to show how food and beverage products support human and planetary health.
2023-12-14
2023-12-14
2023-12-01
2023-12-13
Article - Refereed
Consavage Stanley, K.; Hedrick, V.E.; Serrano, E.; Holz, A.; Kraak, V.I. US Adults' Perceptions, Beliefs, and Behaviors towards Plant-Rich Dietary Patterns and Practices: International Food Information Council Food and Health Survey Insights, 2012-2022. Nutrients 2023, 15, 4990.
https://hdl.handle.net/10919/117187
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15234990
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
MDPI
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/511272023-06-14T17:01:27Zcom_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_18629col_10919_24308
A review of state regulations to promote infant physical activity in child care
Slining, Meghan M.
Benjamin Neelon, Sara E.
Duffey, Kiyah J.
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Background
The purpose of this study was to review state regulations promoting increased physical activity and decreased sedentary behaviors in infants in child care and to assess consistency with recent Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations.
Methods
We compared existing state and territory licensing and administrative regulations to recent IOM recommendations to promote physical activity and decrease sedentary time in very young children attending out-of-home child care (both child care centers and family child care homes). Three independent reviewers searched two sources (a publicly available website and WestlawNext™) and compared regulations with five IOM recommendations: 1) providing daily opportunities for infants to move, 2) engaging with infants on the ground, 3) providing daily tummy time for infants less than six months of age, 4) using cribs, car seats and high chairs for their primary purpose, and 5) limiting the use of restrictive equipment for holding infants while they are awake. We used Pearson chi-square tests to assess associations between geographic region, year of last update, and number of state regulations consistent with the IOM recommendations.
Results
The mean (SD) number of regulations for states was 1.9 (1.3) for centers and 1.6 (1.2) for homes out of a possible 5.0. Two states had regulations for all five recommendations, Arizona for centers and Virginia for homes. Six states and territories had zero regulations for child care centers and seven states and territories had zero regulations for family child care homes. There were no significant associations between geographic region and number of regulations consistent with IOM recommendations.
Conclusions
Out-of-home child care settings are important targets for optimal early child health interventions. While most states had some regulations related to the promotion of physical activity among infants, few states had regulations for more than three of the five IOM recommendations. Enhancing state regulations in child care facilities could aid in early childhood obesity prevention efforts.
2014-12-11
2014-12-11
2014-11-22
2014-12-11
Article - Refereed
International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 2014 Nov 22;11(1):139
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/51127
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-014-0139-3
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Meghan M Slining et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1178532024-02-05T10:01:20Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_91913com_10919_23198com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_91914col_10919_24308
PERM1 regulates energy metabolism in the heart via ERR alpha/PGC-1 alpha axis
Oka, Shin-ichi I.
Sreedevi, Karthi
Shankar, Thirupura S.
Yedla, Shreya
Arowa, Sumaita
James, Amina
Stone, Kathryn G.
Olmos, Katia
Sabry, Amira D.
Horiuchi, Amanda
Cawley, Keiko M.
O'very, Sean A.
Tong, Mingming
Byun, Jaemin
Xu, Xiaoyong
Kashyap, Sanchita
Mourad, Youssef
Vehra, Omair
Calder, Dallen
Lunde, Ty
Liu, Tong
Li, Hong
Mashchek, J. Alan
Cox, James
Saijoh, Yukio
Drakos, Stavros G.
Warren, Junco S.
PERM1
heart
ERR alpha
metabolomics
proteomics
metabolism
transcription control
Aims: PERM1 is a striated muscle-specific regulator of mitochondrial bioenergetics. We previously demonstrated that PERM1 is downregulated in the failing heart and that PERM1 positively regulates metabolic genes known as targets of the transcription factor ERRα and its coactivator PGC-1α in cultured cardiomyocytes. The aims of this study were to determine the effect of loss of PERM1 on cardiac function and energetics using newly generated Perm1-knockout (Perm1–/–) mice and to investigate the molecular mechanisms of its transcriptional control. Methods and results: Echocardiography showed that ejection fraction and fractional shortening were lower in Perm1–/– mice than in wild-type mice (both p < 0.05), and the phosphocreatine-to-ATP ratio was decreased in Perm1–/– hearts (p < 0.05), indicating reduced contractile function and energy reserves of the heart. Integrated proteomic and metabolomic analyses revealed downregulation of oxidative phosphorylation and upregulation of glycolysis and polyol pathways in Perm1–/– hearts. To examine whether PERM1 regulates energy metabolism through ERRα, we performed co-immunoprecipitation assays, which showed that PERM1 bound to ERRα in cardiomyocytes and the mouse heart. DNA binding and reporter gene assays showed that PERM1 was localized to and activated the ERR target promoters partially through ERRα. Mass spectrometry-based screening in cardiomyocytes identified BAG6 and KANK2 as potential PERM1’s binding partners in transcriptional regulation. Mammalian one-hybrid assay, in which PERM1 was fused to Gal4 DNA binding domain, showed that the recruitment of PERM1 to a gene promoter was sufficient to activate transcription, which was blunted by silencing of either PGC-1α, BAG6, or KANK2. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that PERM1 is an essential regulator of cardiac energetics and function and that PERM1 is a novel transcriptional coactivator in the ERRα/PGC-1α axis that functionally interacts with BAG6 and KANK2.
2024-02-05
2024-02-05
2022-11-07
Article - Refereed
2297-055X
PMC9676655
https://hdl.handle.net/10919/117853
https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.1033457
9
Warren, Junko [0000-0001-5231-4181]
36419485
2297-055X
en
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36419485
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Frontiers
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1042392021-07-22T07:34:17Zcom_10919_78629com_10919_78628com_10919_91913com_10919_23198com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_78791col_10919_91914col_10919_24308
Ventral pallidum DRD3 potentiates a pallido-habenular circuit driving accumbal dopamine release and cocaine seeking
Pribiag, Horia
Shin, Sora
Wang, Eric Hou-Jen
Sun, Fangmiao
Datta, Paul
Okamoto, Alexander
Guss, Hayden
Jain, Akanksha
Wang, Xiao-Yun
De Freitas, Bruna
Honma, Patrick
Pate, Stefan
Lilascharoen, Varoth
Li, Yulong
Lim, Byung Kook
Fralin Biomedical Research Institute
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Drugs of abuse induce persistent remodeling of reward circuit function, a process thought to underlie the emergence of drug craving and relapse to drug use. However, how circuit-specific, drug-induced molecular and cellular plasticity can have distributed effects on the mesolimbic dopamine reward system to facilitate relapse to drug use is not fully elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that dopamine receptor D3 (DRD3)-dependent plasticity in the ventral pallidum (VP) drives potentiation of dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens during relapse to cocaine seeking after abstinence. We show that two distinct VP DRD3(+) neuronal populations projecting to either the lateral habenula (LHb) or the ventral tegmental area (VTA) display different patterns of activity during drug seeking following abstinence from cocaine self-administration and that selective suppression of elevated activity or DRD3 signaling in the LHb-projecting population reduces drug seeking. Together, our results uncover how circuit-specific DRD3-mediated plasticity contributes to the process of drug relapse.
2021-07-21
2021-07-21
2021-07-07
Article - Refereed
0896-6273
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104239
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2021.05.002
109
13
34048697
1097-4199
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/817502023-11-29T11:25:13Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_25796com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_25797col_10919_24308
Energetic mitochondrial failing in vitiligo and possible rescue by cardiolipin
Dell'Anna, M. L.
Ottaviani, M.
Kovacs, D.
Mirabilii, S.
Brown, D. A.
Cota, C.
Migliano, E.
Bastonini, E.
Bellei, B.
Cardinali, G.
Ricciardi, M. R.
Tafuri, A.
Picardo, M.
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Fralin Life Sciences Institute
blood mononuclear-cells
focal adhesion kinase
metabolic stress
light-scattering
p53
biogenesis
pathogenesis
contributes
melanocytes
dysfunction
2018-01-12
2018-01-12
2017-10-20
Article - Refereed
2045-2322
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/81750
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13961-5
7
Brown, DA [0000-0001-5489-313X]
en
http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000413357500029&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=930d57c9ac61a043676db62af60056c1
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Nature Publishing Group
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1122632022-10-25T07:14:40Zcom_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_24308
AMPK-mediated potentiation of GABAergic signalling drives hypoglycaemia-provoked spike-wave seizures
Salvati, Kathryn A.
Ritger, Matthew L.
Davoudian, Pasha A.
O'Dell, Finnegan
Wyskiel, Daniel R.
Souza, George M. P. R.
Lu, Adam C.
Perez-Reyes, Edward
Drake, Joshua C.
Yan, Zhen
Beenhakker, Mark P.
epilepsy
metabolism
AMPK
GABA
thalamocortical
Metabolism regulates neuronal activity and modulates the occurrence of epileptic seizures. Here, using two rodent models of absence epilepsy, we show that hypoglycaemia increases the occurrence of spike-wave seizures. We then show that selectively disrupting glycolysis in the thalamus, a structure implicated in absence epilepsy, is sufficient to increase spike-wave seizures. We propose that activation of thalamic AMP-activated protein kinase, a sensor of cellular energetic stress and potentiator of metabotropic GABA(B)-receptor function, is a significant driver of hypoglycaemia-induced spike-wave seizures. We show that AMP-activated protein kinase augments postsynaptic GABA(B)-receptor-mediated currents in thalamocortical neurons and strengthens epileptiform network activity evoked in thalamic brain slices. Selective thalamic AMP-activated protein kinase activation also increases spike-wave seizures. Finally, systemic administration of metformin, an AMP-activated protein kinase agonist and common diabetes treatment, profoundly increased spike-wave seizures. These results advance the decades-old observation that glucose metabolism regulates thalamocortical circuit excitability by demonstrating that AMP-activated protein kinase and GABA(B)-receptor cooperativity is sufficient to provoke spike-wave seizures. Hypoglycaemia is an established trigger for absence seizures. Salvati et al. investigate the mechanism underlying this link, and show that activation of thalamic AMPK-a cellular sensor of intracellular ATP-promotes spike-wave activity in a rat model of absence epilepsy by potentiating GABA-B receptor signalling.
2022-10-24
2022-10-24
2022-07-29
Article - Refereed
0006-8950
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/112263
https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awac037
145
7
35134125
1460-2156
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
Oxford University Press
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/734712024-03-13T14:09:53Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_24308
Using Isolated Mitochondria from Minimal Quantities of Mouse Skeletal Muscle for High throughput Microplate Respiratory Measurements
Boutagy, Nabil E.
Rogers, George W.
Pyne, Emily S.
Ali, Mostafa M.
Hulver, Matthew W.
Frisard, Madlyn I.
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Developmental Biology
Issue 104
High throughput
respirometric assays
skeletal muscle
isolated mitochondria
mouse model
metabolism
OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION
CELLS
Skeletal muscle mitochondria play a specific role in many disease pathologies. As such, the measurement of oxygen consumption as an indicator of mitochondrial function in this tissue has become more prevalent. Although many technologies and assays exist that measure mitochondrial respiratory pathways in a variety of cells, tissue and species, there is currently a void in the literature in regards to the compilation of these assays using isolated mitochondria from mouse skeletal muscle for use in microplate based technologies. Importantly, the use of microplate based respirometric assays is growing among mitochondrial biologists as it allows for high throughput measurements using minimal quantities of isolated mitochondria. Therefore, a collection of microplate based respirometric assays were developed that are able to assess mechanistic changes/adaptations in oxygen consumption in a commonly used animal model. The methods presented herein provide step-bystep instructions to perform these assays with an optimal amount of mitochondrial protein and reagents, and high precision as evidenced by the minimal variance across the dynamic range of each assay.
2016-11-17
2016-11-17
2015-10-01
Article - Refereed
1940-087X
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73471
https://doi.org/10.3791/53216
104
en
http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000368572800044&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=930d57c9ac61a043676db62af60056c1
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported
Journal of Visualized Experiments
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1038232023-11-29T19:08:29Zcom_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_5540com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_18629col_10919_71752col_10919_24308
Awareness and outcomes of the fruits and veggies (FNV) campaign to promote fruit and vegetable consumption among targeted audiences in California and Virginia: a cross-sectional study
Englund, Tessa R.
Hedrick, Valisa E.
Patiño, Sofía R.
Kennedy, Lauren E.
Hosig, Kathryn W.
Serrano, Elena L.
Kraak, Vivica
Background
In 2015, the Partnership for a Healthier America launched the branded Fruits & Veggies (FNV) Campaign to apply a unique industry-inspired marketing approach to promote fruit and vegetable sales and intake to moms and teens in two US pilot markets: Fresno, California and Hampton Roads, Virginia. The aims of this cross-sectional study were to: 1) assess brand awareness and fruit- and vegetable-related outcomes among FNV Campaign target audiences in the California and Virginia market locations; and 2) examine whether reported awareness of the FNV Campaign was associated with differences in fruit- and vegetable-related cognitive and behavioral outcomes.
Methods
Data for this cross-sectional study were collected using an online survey administered to a non-probability convenience sample (n = 1604; February–July 2017) of youth aged 14–20 years (n = 744) and moms aged 21–36 years (n = 860) in the two pilot markets. Descriptive statistics were computed and outcomes compared between unaware and aware respondents, controlling for sociodemographic covariates. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was conducted to assess whether fruit- and vegetable-related attitude, belief, and encouragement outcomes differed by FNV Campaign awareness; logistic regression was used to examine associations between FNV brand awareness and dichotomous variables (fruit- and vegetable-related behavioral intentions, trying new fruits and vegetables); and ANCOVA was used to assess associations with daily fruit and vegetable intake frequency.
Results
Approximately 20% (n = 315/1604) of respondents reported awareness of the FNV Campaign. Youth that reported awareness of the FNV Campaign (n = 167, 22.4%) had higher intentions to buy (p = 0.003) and eat (p = 0.009) fruits and vegetables than unaware respondents. Mothers that reported awareness of the FNV Campaign (n = 148, 17.2%) reported greater encouragement for friends and family to eat fruits and vegetables (p = 0.013) and were approximately 1.5 times more likely to report trying a new fruit or vegetable (p = 0.04) than mothers unaware of the Campaign. Daily fruit and vegetable intake frequency did not differ by Campaign awareness.
Conclusions
FNV Campaign awareness was associated with limited but positive short- and intermediate-term cognitive and behavioral outcomes among target audience respondents. These findings can inform future research to enhance understanding and improve the FNV Campaign as it is expanded to new markets nationwide.
2021-06-14
2021-06-14
2021-06-09
2021-06-13
Article - Refereed
BMC Public Health. 2021 Jun 09;21(1):1100
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/103823
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11055-6
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The Author(s)
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Virginia
United States
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1178732024-02-06T14:02:04Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_91913com_10919_23198com_10919_24233com_10919_5532com_10919_84995com_10919_5553col_10919_70873col_10919_91914col_10919_24308col_10919_84996
Hedgehog-interacting protein acts in the habenula to regulate nicotine intake
Caligiuri, Stephanie P. B.
Howe, William M.
Wills, Lauren
Smith, Alexander C. W.
Lei, Ye
Bali, Purva
Heyer, Mary P.
Moen, Janna K.
Ables, Jessica L.
Elayouby, Karim S.
Williams, Maya
Fillinger, Clementine
Oketokoun, Zainab
Lehmann, Vanessa E.
DiFeliceantonio, Alexandra G.
Johnson, Paul M.
Beaumont, Kristin
Sebra, Robert P.
Ibanez-Tallon, Ines
Kenny, Paul J.
nicotine
habenula
single-cell RNA sequencing
hedgehog signaling
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Hedgehog-interacting protein (HHIP) sequesters Hedgehog ligands to repress Smoothened (SMO)-mediated recruitment of the GLI family of transcription factors. Allelic variation in HHIP confers risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other smoking-related lung diseases, but underlying mechanisms are unclear. Using single-cell and cell-type-specific translational profiling, we show that HHIP expression is highly enriched in medial habenula (MHb) neurons, particularly MHb cholinergic neurons that regulate aversive behavioral responses to nicotine. HHIP deficiency dysregulated the expression of genes involved in cholinergic signaling in the MHb and disrupted the function of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) through a PTCH-1/cholesterol-dependent mechanism. Further, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genomic cleavage of the Hhip gene in MHb neurons enhanced the motivational properties of nicotine in mice. These findings suggest that HHIP influences vulnerability to smoking-related lung diseases in part by regulating the actions of nicotine on habenular aversion circuits.
2024-02-06
2024-02-06
2022-11-08
Article - Refereed
0027-8424
https://hdl.handle.net/10919/117873
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2209870119
119
46
DiFeliceantonio, Alexandra [0000-0002-7155-6060]
36346845
1091-6490
en
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36346845
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
National Academy of Sciences
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1137862023-02-11T08:12:01Zcom_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_78882col_10919_24308
In Silico Examination of Single Nucleotide Missense Mutations in NHLH2, a Gene Linked to Infertility and Obesity
Madsen, Allison T.
Good, Deborah J.
Continual advances in our understanding of the human genome have led to exponential increases in known single nucleotide variants. The characterization of each of the variants lags behind. For researchers needing to study a single gene, or multiple genes in a pathway, there must be ways to narrow down pathogenic variants from those that are silent or pose less pathogenicity. In this study, we use the <i>NHLH2</i> gene which encodes the nescient helix-loop-helix 2 (Nhlh2) transcription factor in a systematic analysis of all missense mutations to date in the gene. The <i>NHLH2</i> gene was first described in 1992. Knockout mice created in 1997 indicated a role for this protein in body weight control, puberty, and fertility, as well as the motivation for sex and exercise. Only recently have human carriers of <i>NHLH2</i> missense variants been characterized. Over 300 missense variants for the <i>NHLH2</i> gene are listed in the NCBI single nucleotide polymorphism database (dbSNP). Using in silico tools, predicted pathogenicity of the variants narrowed the missense variants to 37 which were predicted to affect NHLH2 function. These 37 variants cluster around the basic-helix-loop-helix and DNA binding domains of the transcription factor, and further analysis using in silico tools provided 21 SNV resulting in 22 amino acid changes for future wet lab analysis. The tools used, findings, and predictions for the variants are discussed considering the known function of the NHLH2 transcription factor. Overall use of these in silico tools and analysis of these data contribute to our knowledge of a protein which is both involved in the human genetic syndrome, Prader–Willi syndrome, and in controlling genes involved in body weight control, fertility, puberty, and behavior in the general population, and may provide a systematic methodology for others to characterize variants for their gene of interest.
2023-02-10
2023-02-10
2023-02-06
2023-02-10
Article - Refereed
Madsen, A.T.; Good, D.J. In Silico Examination of Single Nucleotide Missense Mutations in NHLH2, a Gene Linked to Infertility and Obesity. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 3193.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/113786
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043193
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
MDPI
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/558182023-06-14T17:01:25Zcom_10919_5523com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_5548col_10919_24308
Healthy Weights for Healthy Kids, Smart Snacks Lesson, Experience: Grazing on Grains
Serrano, Elena L.
Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE)
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
4-H Food, Nutrition, & Health
In this lesson students will learn about different grains found in familiar foods and the importance of whole grains and fiber in a healthy diet.
2015-08-06
2015-08-06
2011
2011-06-16
Extension publication
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/55818
http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/349/349-004/349-004_pdf.pdf
en
Publication (Virginia Cooperative Extension) ; 349-004
Virginia Cooperative Extension materials are available for public use, re-print, or citation without further permission, provided the use includes credit to the author and to Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, and Virginia State University.
Virginia
United States
Virginia Cooperative Extension
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/867132023-06-14T17:01:24Zcom_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_18629col_10919_24308
A lung cancer research agenda that reflects the diverse perspectives of community stakeholders: process and outcomes of the SEED method
Rafie, Carlin
Zimmerman, Emily B.
Moser, Dawn E.
Cook, Sarah
Zarghami, Fatemeh
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Plain English summary
There is a need for methods that engage lay people and other stakeholders, such as patients and healthcare providers, in developing research questions about health issues important to them and their communities. Involving stakeholders helps ensure that funding goes to research that addresses their concerns. The SEED Method engages stakeholders in a systematic process to explore health issues and develop research questions. Diverse groups of stakeholders participate at three levels: as collaborators that lead the process throughout, as participants who use their expertise to develop the questions, and as consultants who provide additional perspectives about the health topic. We used the SEED Method to engage 61 stakeholders from different socioeconomic and professional backgrounds to create research questions on lung cancer outcomes. Participants included cancer patients and caregivers, healthcare providers and administrators, and policymakers from a rural Virginia community. They developed causal models that diagrammed factors that influence lung cancer outcomes and the relationships between them. They used these models to develop priority research questions. The questions reflect the participants' diverse perspectives and address different areas of inquiry related to lung cancer outcomes, including access to care, support systems, social determinants of health, and quality of care. Participants felt well prepared to perform the project tasks because they had the opportunity to review lung cancer information, receive causal model and research question development training, and participate in facilitated group activities. The SEED Method can be used in a variety of settings and applied to any health topic of interest to stakeholders.
Abstract
Background
Engagement of stakeholders in prioritization of health research can help ensure that funding is directed to research that reflects their concerns and needs. The Stakeholder Engagement in quEstion Development and Prioritization (SEED) Method is a multi-stakeholder methodology that uses principles of community engagement and causal modeling to develop health research questions that reflect the priorities of patients, clinicians, and other community stakeholders. We conducted a demonstration of the SEED Method to generate research questions on lung cancer outcomes, and to evaluate the process, outcomes, and effectiveness of the method for generating a research agenda that reflects diverse stakeholder perspectives.
Methods
The SEED Method engages community members at three levels: collaboration, participation, and consultation. We conducted a demonstration project from November, 2015 to July, 2016, in a rural Virginia community that was experiencing a significant disparity in lung cancer outcomes. A community research team led the project and selected three distinct stakeholder groups (Topic groups, TG) for participatory engagement in analysis of the health issue, causal modeling, and research question development. We evaluated the quality of stakeholder engagement and compared TG causal models and research questions to evaluate the diversity of stakeholder perspectives resulting from the methodology.
Results
The resulting research agenda poses questions on how a broad range of topics including access to care, support systems and coping mechanisms, social determinants of health, and quality of care impacts lung cancer outcomes. Participants felt well prepared for the tasks they were asked to perform due to the technical trainings and facilitated modeling and question development activities that are part of the SEED Method. The causal models and research questions developed by the Topic Groups reflected the diverse perspectives of the stakeholders.
Conclusions
The SEED Method has the potential to generate relevant stakeholder-centered research agendas on a variety of health-related topics, and to create community capacity for sustained research engagement.
2019-01-15
2019-01-15
2019-01-11
2019-01-14
Article - Refereed
Research Involvement and Engagement. 2019 Jan 11;5(1):3
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/86713
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40900-018-0134-y
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The Author(s)
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/743142023-06-14T17:01:34Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_24308
Relationship of physical activity and sleep quality to quality of life among cancer survivors: findings of the day and night study
Rafie, Carlin
Ning, Y.
Wang, A.
Houlihan, R.
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
cancer survivor
sleep quality
quality of life
physical activity
Background: Diet and lifestyle may have a role in quality of life for cancer survivors. This study compared diet, physical activity and sleep quality between cancer survivors and controls, and the relationship to quality of life. Methods: Participants were recruited from southern Virginia. (1)Diet, physical activity, sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index,psqi), and quality of life (QOL,SF-36) surveys were completed, (2)data on sleep/wake patterns and ambient light exposure was collected by an actigraphy-based data logger worn 7 days, (3)fasting blood and morning urine samples were collected for Vitamin D and urine melatonin analysis. Lower sleep quality scores indicate better sleep quality. Results: 131 cancer survivors and 41 controls participated in the study. Participants were majority female (89%), 24% black, with mean age of 59 years. Cancer sites included breast (68%), colon (8%), prostate (6%), lung (4%), and other (14%). Survivors had higher BMI compared to controls (29.6 vs 17.1 km/m2, ρ=0.036), and were more likely to be sedentary χ2[(2,N=172)11.11,ρ=0.004]. Calorie and macronutrient intake did not differ. Survivors had worse sleep quality than controls (psqi=6.6 vs 4.9,ρ=0.02) and lower physical (263.8 vs 323.5,ρ<0.0001) and mental QOL composite scores (295.4 vs 340.4,ρ=0.002). Sleep quality scores were inversely associated with mental and physical QOL (-0.48 & -0.43, ρ<0.0001). Physical activity was directly correlated with mental and physical QOL (R=0.21 & R=0.22,ρ=0.006). Melatonin was lower in survivors (32.4 vs. 52 ng/mg,ρ=0.002). Serum Vitamin D3 correlated with ambient light exposure (R=0.184,p=0.02) and outdoor physical activity (R=0.16,p=0.05). Conclusions: Cancer survivors were more sedentary, had poorer quality of sleep and quality of life than controls. Physical activity and sleep quality were associated with quality of life, which has implications for physical activity and sleep behavior recommendations for cancer survivors. Vitamin D3 is a potential biomarker of outdoor physical activity. Keywords: Physical activity, sleep quality, quality of life
2017-01-15
2017-01-15
2016-11-15
Poster
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/74314
en
American Institute for Cancer Research 2016 Research Conference
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
In Copyright
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1164642023-11-13T14:00:28Zcom_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_78882col_10919_24308
Genetic and Functional Modifications Associated with Ovarian Cancer Cell Aggregation and Limited Culture Conditions
Grieco, Joseph P.
Compton, Stephanie L. E.
Davis, Grace N.
Guinan, Jack
Schmelz, Eva M.
The aggregation of cancer cells provides a survival signal for disseminating cancer cells; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms have yet to be elucidated. Using qPCR gene arrays, this study investigated the changes in cancer-specific genes as well as genes regulating mitochondrial quality control, metabolism, and oxidative stress in response to aggregation and hypoxia in our progressive ovarian cancer models representing slow- and fast-developing ovarian cancer. Aggregation increased the expression of anti-apoptotic, stemness, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenic, mitophagic, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging genes and functions, and decreased proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, and mitochondrial content genes and functions. The incorporation of stromal vascular cells (SVF) from obese mice into the spheroids increased DNA repair and telomere regulatory genes that may represent a link between obesity and ovarian cancer risk. While glucose had no effect, glutamine was essential for aggregation and supported proliferation of the spheroid. In contrast, low glucose and hypoxic culture conditions delayed adhesion and outgrowth capacity of the spheroids independent of their phenotype, decreased mitochondrial mass and polarity, and induced a shift of mitochondrial dynamics towards mitophagy. However, these conditions did not reduce the appearance of polarized mitochondria at adhesion sites, suggesting that adhesion signals that either reversed mitochondrial fragmentation or induced mitobiogenesis can override the impact of low glucose and oxygen levels. Thus, the plasticity of the spheroids’ phenotype supports viability during dissemination, allows for the adaptation to changing conditions such as oxygen and nutrient availability. This may be critical for the development of an aggressive cancer phenotype and, therefore, could represent druggable targets for clinical interventions.
2023-10-13
2023-10-13
2023-10-03
2023-10-13
Article - Refereed
Grieco, J.P.; Compton, S.L.E.; Davis, G.N.; Guinan, J.; Schmelz, E.M. Genetic and Functional Modifications Associated with Ovarian Cancer Cell Aggregation and Limited Culture Conditions. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 14867.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/116464
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914867
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
MDPI
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1015582023-11-29T11:22:17Zcom_10919_24233com_10919_5532com_10919_91896com_10919_25796col_10919_24308col_10919_91897
Safety of drug use in patients with a primary mitochondrial disease: An international Delphi-based consensus
De Vries, Maaike C.
Brown, David A.
Allen, Mitchell E.
Bindoff, Laurence
Gorman, Grainne S.
Karaa, Amel
Keshavan, Nandaki
Lamperti, Costanza
McFarland, Robert
Ng, Yi Shiau
O'Callaghan, Mar
Pitceathly, Robert D. S.
Rahman, Shamima
Russel, Frans G. M.
Varhaug, Kristin N.
Schirris, Tom J. J.
Mancuso, Michelangelo
drugs
in vitro studies
in vivo studies
mitochondrial diseases
mitochondrial toxicity
safety
Clinical guidance is often sought when prescribing drugs for patients with primary mitochondrial disease. Theoretical considerations concerning drug safety in patients with mitochondrial disease may lead to unnecessary withholding of a drug in a situation of clinical need. The aim of this study was to develop consensus on safe medication use in patients with a primary mitochondrial disease. A panel of 16 experts in mitochondrial medicine, pharmacology, and basic science from six different countries was established. A modified Delphi technique was used to allow the panellists to consider draft recommendations anonymously in two Delphi rounds with predetermined levels of agreement. This process was supported by a review of the available literature and a consensus conference that included the panellists and representatives of patient advocacy groups. A high level of consensus was reached regarding the safety of all 46 reviewed drugs, with the knowledge that the risk of adverse events is influenced both by individual patient risk factors and choice of drug or drug class. This paper details the consensus guidelines of an expert panel and provides an important update of previously established guidelines in safe medication use in patients with primary mitochondrial disease. Specific drugs, drug groups, and clinical or genetic conditions are described separately as they require special attention. It is important to emphasise that consensus-based information is useful to provide guidance, but that decisions related to drug prescribing should always be tailored to the specific needs and risks of each individual patient. We aim to present what is current knowledge and plan to update this regularly both to include new drugs and to review those currently included.
2020-12-21
2020-12-21
2020-07
Article - Refereed
0141-8955
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101558
https://doi.org/10.1002/jimd.12196
43
4
32030781
1573-2665
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1016722023-06-14T17:01:22Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_24308
How digital technology is transforming the food retail landscape
Kraak, Vivica
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
This paper examines digital technology trends that are influencing the current and future business practices of the food retail landscape, including transnational grocery stores and chain restaurants. It describes trends in online food sales and meal delivery, and presents ethical concerns related to the use of digital technology in the food retail sector. It concludes with examples of how food-system stakeholders are using digital technology to support healthy and sustainable diets, providing some insights into how the COVID-19 pandemic has transformed the food retail sector.
2020-12-28
2020-12-28
2020-08-14
2020-12-28
Article - Refereed
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101672
45
Kraak, Vivica [0000-0002-9303-5530]
en
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
In Copyright (InC)
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/783412023-06-14T19:28:20Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24216com_10919_5539com_10919_24233com_10919_5532com_10919_23261col_10919_70873col_10919_24286col_10919_24308col_10919_23262
Classical and adaptive control of ex vivo skeletal muscle contractions using Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES)
Cienfuegos, Paola Jaramillo
Shoemaker, Adam
Grange, Robert W.
Abaid, Nicole
Leonessa, Alexander
Mechanical Engineering
Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
neural-network control
neuromuscular stimulation
rat muscles
model
simulation
frequency
patterns
fatigue
Functional Electrical Stimulation is a promising approach to treat patients by stimulating the peripheral nerves and their corresponding motor neurons using electrical current. This technique helps maintain muscle mass and promote blood flow in the absence of a functioning nervous system. The goal of this work is to control muscle contractions from FES via three different algorithms and assess the most appropriate controller providing effective stimulation of the muscle. An open-loop system and a closed-loop system with three types of model-free feedback controllers were assessed for tracking control of skeletal muscle contractions: a Proportional-Integral (PI) controller, a Model Reference Adaptive Control algorithm, and an Adaptive Augmented PI system. Furthermore, a mathematical model of a muscle-mass-spring system was implemented in simulation to test the open-loop case and closed-loop controllers. These simulations were carried out and then validated through experiments ex vivo. The experiments included muscle contractions following four distinct trajectories: a step, sine, ramp, and square wave. Overall, the closed-loop controllers followed the stimulation trajectories set for all the simulated and tested muscles. When comparing the experimental outcomes of each controller, we concluded that the Adaptive Augmented PI algorithm provided the best closed-loop performance for speed of convergence and disturbance rejection.
2017-07-14
2017-07-14
2017-03-08
Article - Refereed
1932-6203
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78341
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0172761
12
3
Abaid, N [0000-0002-0053-4710]
en
http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000396073700029&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=930d57c9ac61a043676db62af60056c1
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication
PLOS
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/493892023-06-14T17:01:29Zcom_10919_78629com_10919_78628com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_78791col_10919_24308
Extending the Reach of Exendin-4: New Pathways in the Control of Body Weight and Glucose Homeostasis
Good, Deborah J.
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
ciliary neurotrophic factor
energy-balance
neurogenesis
glp-1
mice
promoter
protein
Obesity
agent
term
endocrinology & metabolism
2014-07-08
2014-07-08
2012-05
2014-07-07
Editorial material
Deborah J. Good. "Extending the Reach of Exendin-4: New Pathways in the Control of Body Weight and Glucose Homeostasis," Endocrinology 2012 153:5, 2051-2053. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2012-1149
0013-7227
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49389
http://press.endocrine.org/doi/abs/10.1210/en.2012-1149
https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2012-1149
en
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
In Copyright
Endocrine Society
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/985602022-03-20T20:11:38Zcom_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_24308
National Working Group on the RE-AIM Planning and Evaluation Framework: Goals, Resources, and Future Directions
Harden, Samantha M.
Strayer, Thomas Edward, III
Smith, Matthew Lee
Gaglio, Bridget
Ory, Marcia G.
Rabin, Borsika A.
Estabrooks, Paul A.
Glasgow, Russell E.
dissemination
implementation
resources
application
synopsis
The National Working Group on RE-AIM Planning and Evaluation Framework (herein Workgroup) was established in 2004 to support the application of the framework and advance dissemination and implementation science (D&I). Workgroup members developed and disseminated products and resources (and continue to do so) to advocate for consistent application of RE-AIM and allow for cross study comparisons. The purpose of this paper is to summarize key Workgroup activities, products, and services (e.g., webinars, consultations, planning tools) and enhance bidirectional communication between the Workgroup and RE-AIM users. The ultimate goal of this work is to serve as a forum for dissemination to improve the balance between RE-AIM user demand (needs) and the currently limited RE-AIM Workgroup supply (consultation and resources) to demonstrate and expand the utility of RE-AIM as a D&I planning and evaluation framework. A summary of resources is provided as well as specific examples of how the Workgroup has been responsive to user needs.
2020-05-27
2020-05-27
2020-01-10
Article - Refereed
390
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/98560
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2019.00390
7
31998677
2296-2565
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/740202024-03-12T15:58:43Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24222com_10919_5532com_10919_24233col_10919_70873col_10919_24298col_10919_24308
Impact of Individual and Worksite Environmental Factors on Water and Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption Among Overweight Employees
Davy, Brenda M.
You, Wen
Almeida, Fabio A.
Wall, Sarah
Harden, Samantha M.
Comber, Dana L.
Eatabrooks, Paul A.
Agricultural and Applied Economics
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
WEIGHT-LOSS
HEALTH-PROMOTION
BODY-WEIGHT
US ADULTS
OBESITY
CHOICE
INTERVENTION
PREVENTION
BEHAVIORS
CONSUMERS
Introduction
The worksite environment may influence employees’ dietary behaviors. Consumption of water and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) affect weight management; however, little research has evaluated the influence of worksite factors on beverage consumption. Our purpose was to determine whether individual and worksite factors are associated with water and SSB intake among overweight and obese employees.
Methods
Data were collected as part of baseline assessments for a worksite-based, weight-management intervention trial. Height and weight of participants (N = 1,482; 74% female; mean age = 47 y [standard deviation (SD) = 11y]; mean weight = 208 lbs [SD = 46 lbs]) were assessed, and participants completed a validated beverage intake questionnaire. Environmental characteristics of worksites (N = 28) were audited. A qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) was used to identify worksite conditions that may support healthier beverage intake patterns.
Results
Most participants were white (75% of sample) with at least some college education or a college degree (approximately 82% of sample). Mean water and SSB intake were 27 fl oz (SD = 18 fl oz) and 17 fl oz (SD = 18 fl oz), respectively; SSB intake (191 kcal [SD = 218 kcal]) exceeded the recommended discretionary energy intake. Statistical models did not identify any significant predictors of water intake. Female sex and increasing level of education and household income were associated with lower SSB intake; baseline body weight and greater number of worksite water coolers and vending machines were associated with higher SSB intake. The QCA identified worksite type (ie, not manual labor) as a condition necessary for healthier beverage consumption; a worksite break policy of 2 or more per day may lead to unhealthy beverage consumption.
Lower SSB consumption was noted among older participants, female participants, and among participants with higher education and income levels.
Conclusion
Workplace factors influence beverage consumption among overweight employees. Limiting vending machine availability and implementing policies that promote weight management may improve employee health.
2017-01-08
2017-01-08
2014-05-01
Article - Refereed
1545-1151
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/74020
https://doi.org/10.5888/pcd11.130207
11
en
http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000343522000003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=930d57c9ac61a043676db62af60056c1
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
The Author(s)
Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1079272022-06-17T18:58:55Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_24308
Reaching Hard to Reach Populations with Hard to Communicate Messages: Efficacy of a Breast Health Research Champion Training Program
Rafie, Carlin
Ayers, Antoinette
Cadet, Debbie
Quillin, John
Hackney, Mary H.
Social Sciences
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Oncology
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Education & Educational Research
Breast cancer disparity
Clinical research
Biospecimen
Training program
African-American
CLINICAL-TRIALS
Public Health
1110 Nursing
1117 Public Health and Health Services
A Breast Health Research Champion training program was a developed targeting self-identified community breast health advocates from a predominant African-American community with a significant breast cancer mortality disparity. Twelve individuals completed the program that provided training in breast cancer risk and screening, breast cancer research, biospecimen in cancer research, and human research subject protection. The training emphasized four key messages to be disseminated to the community. Trainees hosted a minimum of two social chats with individuals from their social networks and functioned as community researchers, acquiring consent and gathering follow-up data from attendees. Trainees reached 199 individuals from their social networks, and chats were diverse in the venue selected, mode of message transmission, and the audience reached. Post/pre questionnaire data from attendees at the chats showed significant improvement in knowledge, attitudes, and intended behaviors as it relates to breast cancer screening, clinical research, and biospecimen in research. Forty percent of attendees provided 4-week follow-up information. Of respondents eligible for mammography, 38 % had taken action to be screened, and 86 % of respondents had spoken about the information to someone else in their social network. Trainees expressed feelings of empowerment after completing the project, “feeling like the expert,” and all trainees were surprised at the enthusiastic response from attendees of their chats. Trainees continued to disseminate the information learned from the training program during the 6 months following the training, reaching an additional 786 individuals in the community.
2022-01-26
2022-01-26
2015-09-01
2022-01-26
Article - Refereed
0885-8195
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/107927
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-014-0720-0
30
3
Rafie, Carlin [0000-0002-1402-5650]
25171905
1543-0154
en
http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000360918700030&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=930d57c9ac61a043676db62af60056c1
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
In Copyright
Springer
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/739322023-06-14T17:01:34Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_5523com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_5548col_10919_24308
Enhancing School Wellness Environments to Make to Make the Healthy Choice the Easy Choice
Stevens, J. A.
Alie, K.
Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE)
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
The Virginia Department of Health’s Division of Prevention & Health Promotion has partnered with Virginia Cooperative Extension’s Family Nutrition Program and Virginia Tech in order to enhance Extension’s efforts to promote and support student health in select K-12 schools by implementing a variety of evidence-based nutrition and physical activity platforms intended to enhance school wellness environments, policies, and practices. Additionally, the implementation of a consistent statewide health messaging campaign by partnering agencies creates buy-in and promotes a culture of health. 74 words When the Virginia Department of Health was awarded the CDC 1305 State Public Health Actions to Prevent and Control Diabetes, Heart Disease, Obesity, and Associated Risk Factors and Promote School Health, an obvious stakeholder from the onset was Virginia Cooperative Extension and its Family Nutrition Program. The first area of collaboration was a joint CDC School Health Guidelines training sponsored by the American Cancer Society. These trainings are being offered statewide to bolster school wellness efforts, as the guidelines serve as the foundation for developing, implementing, and evaluating school-based healthy eating and physical activity policies and practices for students. The next step was to market the Guidelines to Extension Agents from local communities by providing a webinar to explain the partnership and the shared goal of strengthening school wellness policies to make the healthy choice the easy choice for students. Several Snap-Ed agents are being charged with participating on school wellness councils in their local communities and to support and strengthen policies. Health and education affect individuals, society, and the economy and, as such, must work together whenever possible. Therefore, two Virginia Tech specialists from the Department of Human Foods, Nutrition, and Exercise will provide Extension agent trainings in Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child model components that the agents from around the state will share with school staff and parents. Finally, multiple messages will reach parents through social media and e-newsletters distributed through parent teacher organizations. It is clear that the improvements made to school meals and snacks are making a difference in students’ lives beyond the cafeteria. Therefore, providing consistent nutrition and health messaging to all students in schools can help reinforce healthy behaviors and choices. Utilizing the “Eat Smart Move More” social marketing campaign, for students and parents, will impact lives at multiple levels.
2017-01-04
2017-01-04
2016-04-07
Poster
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73932
en
National Health Outreach Conference
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
In Copyright
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/740082023-11-29T19:09:00Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_8195com_10919_5540com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_78797col_10919_71752col_10919_24308
Baicalein Protects against Type 2 Diabetes via Promoting Islet β-Cell Function in Obese Diabetic Mice
Fu, Y.
Luo, J.
Jia, Z.
Zhen, W.
Zhou, K.
Gilbert, Elizabeth R.
Liu, D.
Lee, H.
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
In both type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), the deterioration of glycemic control over time is primarily caused by an inadequate mass and progressive dysfunction of β-cell, leading to the impaired insulin secretion. Here, we show that dietary supplementation of baicalein, a flavone isolated from the roots of Chinese herb Scutellaria baicalensis, improved glucose tolerance and enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in high-fat diet (HFD-) induced middle-aged obese mice. Baicalein had no effect on food intake, body weight gain, circulating lipid profile, and insulin sensitivity in obese mice. Using another mouse model of type 2 diabetes generated by high-fat diet (HFD) feeding and low doses of streptozotocin injection, we found that baicalein treatment significantly improved hyperglycemia, glucose tolerance, and blood insulin levels in these middle-aged obese diabetic mice, which are associated with the improved islet β-cell survival and mass. In the in vitro studies, baicalein significantly augmented GSIS and promoted viability of insulin-secreting cells and human islets cultured either in the basal medium or under chronic hyperlipidemic condition. These results demonstrate that baicalein may be a naturally occurring antidiabetic agent by directly modulating pancreatic β-cell function.
2017-01-07
2017-01-07
2014
Article - Refereed
Yu Fu, Jing Luo, Zhenquan Jia, Wei Zhen, Kequan Zhou, Elizabeth Gilbert, Dongmin Liu, "Baicalein Protects against Type 2 Diabetes via Promoting Islet β-Cell Function in Obese Diabetic Mice", International Journal of Endocrinology, vol. 2014, Article ID 846742, 13 pages, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/846742
1687-8337
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/74008
https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/846742
2014
en
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25147566
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported
Hindawi
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1096282022-04-12T07:25:47Zcom_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532com_10919_79468com_10919_78628col_10919_78882col_10919_24308col_10919_79471
A Preliminary Evaluation of Virginia Fresh Match: Impacts and Demographic Considerations for Future Fruit and Vegetable Incentive Programs
Misyak, Sarah A.
Parker, Molly K.
Ledlie Johnson, Meredith
Hedges, Sam
Borst, Elizabeth
McNamara Best, Maureen
Hedrick, Valisa E.
The purpose of this communication is to describe the preliminary evaluation of the Virginia Fresh Match (VFM) financial incentive program for fresh fruits and vegetables for Virginia Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program shoppers and to determine if there were differences in incentive outcomes by race. In this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire was administered to shoppers using Virginia Fresh Match incentives at participating farmers markets and community-based food retail outlets. Repeated measures ANOVAs were used to detect differences in fruit and vegetable consumption between demographic groups over time. Chi-square tests were used to determine if there were associations between race and perceived impact of VFM incentives on making food last and the attribution of VFM incentives to changes in fruit and vegetable consumption frequency. Frequency of fruit and vegetable intake was significantly higher during VFM incentive use, with a difference of 1.17 ± 0.07 and 1.07 ± 0.07 on a Likert scale measure, respectively (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001). There were racial differences in assertions that VFM incentives helped food to last. VFM incentives were effective at increasing fruit and vegetable consumption, but racial differences should be considered in the administration of VFM to avoid reinforcing systems or approaches that may contribute to disparities in food access and food security.
2022-04-11
2022-04-11
2022-04-05
2022-04-11
Article - Refereed
Misyak, S.A.; Parker, M.K.; Ledlie Johnson, M.; Hedges, S.; Borst, E.; McNamara Best, M.; Hedrick, V.E. A Preliminary Evaluation of Virginia Fresh Match: Impacts and Demographic Considerations for Future Fruit and Vegetable Incentive Programs. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 4367.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/109628
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074367
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Virginia
United States
MDPI
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/952012020-06-10T03:34:15Zcom_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_24308
RE-AIM in Clinical, Community, and Corporate Settings: Perspectives, Strategies, and Recommendations to Enhance Public Health Impact
Harden, Samantha M.
Smith, Matthew Lee
Ory, Marcia G.
Smith-Ray, Renae L.
Estabrooks, Paul A.
Glasgow, Russell E.
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
translation
health promotion
knowledge transfer
implementation science
evaluation framework
dissemination and implementation research
The RE-AIM Framework is a planning and evaluation model that has been used in a variety of settings to address various programmatic, environmental, and policy innovations for improving population health. In addition to the broad application and diverse use of the framework, there are lessons learned and recommendations for the future use of the framework across clinical, community, and corporate settings. The purposes of this article are to: (A) provide a brief overview of the RE-AIM Framework and its pragmatic use for planning and evaluation; (B) offer recommendations to facilitate the application of RE-AIM in clinical, community, and corporate settings; and (C) share perspectives and lessons learned about employing RE-AIM dimensions in the planning, implementation, and evaluation phases within these different settings. In this article, we demonstrate how the RE-AIM concepts and elements within each dimension can be applied by researchers and practitioners in diverse settings, among diverse populations and for diverse health topics.
2019-10-29
2019-10-29
2018-03-22
Article - Refereed
2296-2565
71
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/95201
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2018.00071
6
29623270
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Frontiers
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/909012023-11-29T19:31:47Zcom_10919_97076com_10919_11358com_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532com_10919_24236com_10919_5538com_10919_5540col_10919_97077col_10919_70873col_10919_24308col_10919_24310col_10919_25336
Public Access: A Driver for Preservation and Discovery of Datasets at a US Land-Grant Institution
Ogier, Andrea
Petters, Jonathan L.
Pannabecker, Virginia
Settledge, Robert
Grant, Elizabeth J.
Harden, Samantha M.
Griffin, Julie
Walters, Tyler
Advanced Research Computing
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
School of Architecture and Design
University Libraries
Public access to federally funded research data ensures preservation and discovery of datasets to promote translation of research evidence into meaningful outcomes. However, historical policy and concerns regarding making data publicly accessible impede realization of implementing public access to data. These concerns include worry over the treatment of intellectual property, the cost (in time and money) of making research publicly accessible, and the danger of accidentally releasing human subjects data. To overcome these issues, a Public Access to Data Committee was established at a public university in rural southwest Virginia. In this paper we review the history of federal public access provisions, share goals, and describe the committee’s process to ultimately engage faculty and administrators in this critical link from research to practice.
2019-07-03
2019-07-03
2019-08-24
2019-07-03
Conference proceeding
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/90901
Ogier, Andrea [0000-0002-2143-6212]
en
IFLA World Library and Information Congress
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1093162023-11-29T19:09:09Zcom_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_5540com_10919_91913com_10919_23198com_10919_24233com_10919_5532com_10919_84995com_10919_5553com_10919_24213col_10919_78882col_10919_71752col_10919_91914col_10919_24308col_10919_84996col_10919_24334
Metabolic Reprogramming of Ovarian Cancer Spheroids during Adhesion
Compton, Stephanie L. E.
Grieco, Joseph P.
Gollamudi, Benita
Bae, Eric
Van Mullekom, Jennifer H.
Schmelz, Eva M.
Ovarian cancer remains a deadly disease and its recurrence disease is due in part to the presence of disseminating ovarian cancer aggregates not removed by debulking surgery. During dissemination in a dynamic ascitic environment, the spheroid cells’ metabolism is characterized by low respiration and fragmented mitochondria, a metabolic phenotype that may not support secondary outgrowth after adhesion. Here, we investigated how adhesion affects cellular respiration and substrate utilization of spheroids mimicking early stages of secondary metastasis. Using different glucose and oxygen levels, we investigated cellular metabolism at early time points of adherence (24 h and less) comparing slow and fast-developing disease models. We found that adhesion over time showed changes in cellular energy metabolism and substrate utilization, with a switch in the utilization of mostly glutamine to glucose but no changes in fatty acid oxidation. Interestingly, low glucose levels had less of an impact on cellular metabolism than hypoxia. A resilience to culture conditions and the capacity to utilize a broader spectrum of substrates more efficiently distinguished the highly aggressive cells from the cells representing slow-developing disease, suggesting a flexible metabolism contributes to the stem-like properties. These results indicate that adhesion to secondary sites initiates a metabolic switch in the oxidation of substrates that could support outgrowth and successful metastasis.
2022-03-11
2022-03-11
2022-03-09
2022-03-10
Article - Refereed
Compton, S.L.E.; Grieco, J.P.; Gollamudi, B.; Bae, E.; Van Mullekom, J.H.; Schmelz, E.M. Metabolic Reprogramming of Ovarian Cancer Spheroids during Adhesion. Cancers 2022, 14, 1399.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/109316
https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14061399
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
MDPI
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1035642021-06-03T07:31:17Zcom_10919_23829com_10919_5553com_10919_91913com_10919_23198com_10919_24233com_10919_5532com_10919_91912col_10919_23830col_10919_91914col_10919_24308col_10919_91916
Progression-Mediated Changes in Mitochondrial Morphology Promotes Adaptation to Hypoxic Peritoneal Conditions in Serous Ovarian Cancer
Grieco, Joseph P.
Allen, Mitchell E.
Perry, Justin B.
Wang, Yao
Song, Yipei
Rohani, Ali
Compton, Stephanie L. E.
Smyth, James W.
Swami, Nathan S.
Brown, David A.
Schmelz, Eva M.
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Fralin Biomedical Research Institute
Biological Sciences
Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine
spheroids
hypoxia
fragmentation
fusion
fission
uncoupling protein
reactive oxygen species
mitophagy
Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecological cancer in women, with a survival rate of less than 30% when the cancer has spread throughout the peritoneal cavity. Aggregation of cancer cells increases their viability and metastatic potential; however, there are limited studies that correlate these functional changes to specific phenotypic alterations. In this study, we investigated changes in mitochondrial morphology and dynamics during malignant transition using our MOSE cell model for progressive serous ovarian cancer. Mitochondrial morphology was changed with increasing malignancy from a filamentous network to single, enlarged organelles due to an imbalance of mitochondrial dynamic proteins (fusion: MFN1/OPA1, fission: DRP1/FIS1). These phenotypic alterations aided the adaptation to hypoxia through the promotion of autophagy and were accompanied by changes in the mitochondrial ultrastructure, mitochondrial membrane potential, and the regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. The tumor-initiating cells increased mitochondrial fragmentation after aggregation and exposure to hypoxia that correlated well with our previously observed reduced growth and respiration in spheroids, suggesting that these alterations promote viability in non-permissive conditions. Our identification of such mitochondrial phenotypic changes in malignancy provides a model in which to identify targets for interventions aimed at suppressing metastases.
2021-06-02
2021-06-02
2021-01-13
Article - Refereed
2234-943X
600113
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/103564
https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.600113
10
33520711
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/943442023-06-14T17:01:21Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_24308
Branded Marketing and Media Campaigns to Support a Healthy Diet in the United States, 1999-2016: Insights to Inform the Partnership for a Healthier America’s Fruits & Veggies (FNV) Campaign
Kraak, Vivica
Englund, Tessa R.
Zhou, Mi
Duffey, Kiyah J.
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Introduction
Obesity and diet-related non-communicable diseases (NCD) are serious public health challenges that have created an enormous financial burden on the United States (U.S) health care system.
The United States spends an estimated $190 billion annually on obesity-related costs, representing about 20 percent of all medical spending. Childhood obesity is responsible for more than $14 billion dollars in direct medical costs...
2019-10-03
2019-10-03
2017-03
2019-10-03
Report
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/94344
Kraak, Vivica [0000-0002-9303-5530]
en
Branded Marketing and Media Campaigns to Support a Healthy Diet in the United States, 1999-2016: Insights to Inform the Partnership for a Healthier America’s Fruits & Veggies (FNV) Campaign
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
In Copyright
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/988032023-06-14T17:01:21Zcom_10919_24233com_10919_5532com_10919_79468com_10919_78628col_10919_24308col_10919_79471
An integrative literature review of small food store research across urban and rural communities in the U.S.
Pinard, Courtney A.
Byker Shanks, Carmen
Harden, Samantha M.
Yaroch, Amy L.
Hunger
Obesity
Community-based participatory research
Convenience foods
Objective. The purpose of this review was to identify how rural and urban food access differs across small food stores as well as the types of research strategies andmethodologies that have been applied in each setting in the U.S. Methods. Manuscripts were included in the review if they were published in English over the past ten years, with a clear delineation between urban and/or rural, conducted in the U.S., and reported data from small food store research.
Results. After elimination, 19 manuscripts representing rural (n=5) and urban (n=14) settingswere included in the final review. The review was conducted in Nebraska between January 2015 and May 2015. Findings from the reviewed manuscripts revealed that rural communities might face different challenges with healthy food access in small food stores when compared to urban settings. In particular, small food stores in rural areas lacked healthy food options largely because storeowners perceived that their customers would not purchase healthier items and due to challenges with distribution. Conversely, studies reporting on small food stores in urban areas suggest challenges with transportation and safety concerns.
Conclusion. Research on small food stores is nascent and further research, especially intervention studies, is needed. Further, less evidence exists on healthy food access, in particular intervention testing on small food store research in rural areas.
2020-06-09
2020-06-09
2016-04-02
Article - Refereed
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/98803
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2016.03.008
3
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Elsevier
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/789492022-02-26T15:58:30Zcom_10919_78629com_10919_78628com_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_79524col_10919_78797col_10919_24308
Small Molecule Kaempferol Promotes Insulin Sensitivity and Preserved Pancreatic β-Cell Mass in Middle-Aged Obese Diabetic Mice
Alkhalidy, Hana
Moore, William B.
Zhang, Yanling
McMillan, Ryan P.
Wang, Aihua
Ali, Mostafa
Suh, Kyung-Shin
Zhen, Wei
Cheng, Zhiyong
Jia, Zhenquan
Hulver, Matthew W.
Liu, Dongmin
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Insulin resistance and a progressive decline in functional β-cell mass are hallmarks of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). Thus, searching for natural, low-cost compounds to target these two defects could be a promising strategy to prevent the pathogenesis of T2D. Here, we show that dietary intake of flavonol kaempferol (0.05% in the diet) significantly ameliorated hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and circulating lipid profile, which were associated with the improved peripheral insulin sensitivity in middle-aged obese mice fed a high-fat (HF) diet. Kaempferol treatment reversed HF diet impaired glucose transport-4 (Glut4) and AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK) expression in both muscle and adipose tissues from obese mice. In vitro, kaempferol increased lipolysis and prevented high fatty acid-impaired glucose uptake, glycogen synthesis, AMPK activity, and Glut4 expression in skeletal muscle cells. Using another mouse model of T2D generated by HF diet feeding and low doses of streptozotocin injection, we found that kaempferol treatment significantly improved hyperglycemia, glucose tolerance, and blood insulin levels in obese diabetic mice, which are associated with the improved islet β-cell mass. These results demonstrate that kaempferol may be a naturally occurring anti-diabetic agent by improving peripheral insulin sensitivity and protecting against pancreatic β-cell dysfunction.
2017-09-18
2017-09-18
2015-05-07
2017-09-18
Article - Refereed
Hana Alkhalidy, William Moore, Yanling Zhang, et al., “Small Molecule Kaempferol Promotes Insulin Sensitivity and Preserved Pancreatic β-Cell Mass in Middle-Aged Obese Diabetic Mice,” Journal of Diabetes Research, vol. 2015, Article ID 532984, 14 pages, 2015. doi:10.1155/2015/532984
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78949
https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/532984
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Copyright © 2015 Hana Alkhalidy et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Hindawi
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/558342023-06-14T17:01:38Zcom_10919_5523com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_5548col_10919_24308
Healthy Weights for Healthy Kids, Smart Activities Lesson, Experience: Silly Songs
Serrano, Elena L.
Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE)
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
4-H Food, Nutrition, & Health
This lesson teaches students to design a song or rhyme when jumping rope and demonstrates that being active can be fun.
2015-08-06
2015-08-06
2011
2014-06-17
Extension publication
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/55834
http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/348/348-997/348-997_pdf.pdf
en
Publication (Virginia Cooperative Extension) ; 348-997
Virginia Cooperative Extension materials are available for public use, re-print, or citation without further permission, provided the use includes credit to the author and to Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, and Virginia State University.
Virginia
United States
Virginia Cooperative Extension
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/920092023-11-29T11:25:59Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_25796com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_25797col_10919_24308
Critique of a scoping review of principles to guide interactions between population health researchers and the food industry
Kraak, Vivica
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Fralin Life Sciences Institute
11 Medical And Health Sciences
17 Psychology And Cognitive Sciences
Endocrinology & Metabolism
2019-07-29
2019-07-29
2019-07-10
2019-07-29
Article
1467-7881
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/92009
https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12890
Kraak, Vivica [0000-0002-9303-5530]
31293040
1467-789X
en
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31293040
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
In Copyright
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/501962023-06-14T17:01:37Zcom_10919_5523com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_5548col_10919_24308
Calcium: Build Strong Bones
Serrano, Elena L.
Sablik, Anna
Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE)
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Health & Nutrition
Tips for ways to choose foods higher in calcium for maintaining and building stronger bones.
2014-08-14
2014-08-14
2009-05-01
2013-09-25
Extension publication
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50196
http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/348/348-019/348-019_pdf.pdf
en
Publication (Virginia Cooperative Extension) ; 348-019
Virginia Cooperative Extension materials are available for public use, re-print, or citation without further permission, provided the use includes credit to the author and to Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, and Virginia State University.
Virginia Cooperative Extension
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1177952024-02-01T10:13:07Zcom_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_91913com_10919_23198com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_78882col_10919_91914col_10919_24308
The Impact of Weight Bias and Stigma on the 24 h Dietary Recall Process in Adults with Overweight and Obesity: A Pilot Study
Howes, Erica M.
Parker, Molly K.
Misyak, Sarah A.
DiFeliceantonio, Alexandra G.
Davy, Brenda M.
Brown, Letisha Engracia Cardoso
Hedrick, Valisa E.
People with overweight and obesity tend to both underreport dietary energy intake and experience weight stigma. This exploratory pilot study aimed to determine the relationship between weight bias and weight stigma and energy intake reporting accuracy. Thirty-nine weight-stable adults with BMI ≥ 25 completed three 24 h dietary recalls; indirect calorimetry to measure resting metabolic rate; a survey measuring weight stigma, psychosocial constructs, and physical activity; and a semi-structured qualitative interview. Multiple linear regression was used to determine if weight bias internalization, weight bias toward others, and experiences of weight stigma were predictive of the accuracy of energy reporting. A thematic analysis was conducted for the qualitative interviews. Weight stigma was reported by 64.1% of the sample. Weight stigma constructs did not predict the accuracy of energy intake reporting. People with obesity underreported by a mean of 477 kcals (<i>p</i> = 0.02). People classified as overweight overreported by a mean of 144 kcals, but this was not significant (<i>p</i> = 0.18). Participants reported a desire to report accurate data despite concerns about reporting socially undesirable foods. Future research should quantify the impact of weight stigma on energy reporting in 24 h recalls using a larger, more diverse sample size and objective measures like doubly labeled water for validation.
2024-02-01
2024-02-01
2024-01-06
2024-01-26
Article - Refereed
Howes, E.M.; Parker, M.K.; Misyak, S.A.; DiFeliceantonio, A.G.; Davy, B.M.; Brown, L.E.C.; Hedrick, V.E. The Impact of Weight Bias and Stigma on the 24 h Dietary Recall Process in Adults with Overweight and Obesity: A Pilot Study. Nutrients 2024, 16, 191.
https://hdl.handle.net/10919/117795
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16020191
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
MDPI
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/561142023-06-14T17:01:37Zcom_10919_5523com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_5548col_10919_24308
Milk Matters: Put a Smile on Your Kids' Lips with Milk!
Farris, Alisha
Serrano, Elena L.
Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE)
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Health & Nutrition
This publication list the nutritional benefits of milk for children of different ages.
2015-08-06
2015-08-06
2014-07-07
2014-08-04
Extension publication
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/56114
http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/HNFE/HNFE-88/HNFE-88-pdf.pdf
en
Publication (Virginia Cooperative Extension) ; HNFE-88NP
Virginia Cooperative Extension materials are available for public use, re-print, or citation without further permission, provided the use includes credit to the author and to Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, and Virginia State University.
Virginia Cooperative Extension
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/558232023-06-14T17:01:36Zcom_10919_5523com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_5548col_10919_24308
Healthy Weights for Healthy Kids, Smart Image Lesson, Experience: What's "Normal" Supposed to Look Like Anyway?
Serrano, Elena L.
Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE)
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
4-H Food, Nutrition, & Health
This lesson discusses "normal" body size and differentiates between body sizes portrayed in media and real life.
2015-08-06
2015-08-06
2011
2011-06-09
Extension publication
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/55823
http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/349/349-009/349-009_pdf.pdf
en
Publication (Virginia Cooperative Extension) ; 349-009
Virginia Cooperative Extension materials are available for public use, re-print, or citation without further permission, provided the use includes credit to the author and to Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, and Virginia State University.
Virginia
United States
Virginia Cooperative Extension
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/651062023-06-14T17:01:37Zcom_10919_5523com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_5548col_10919_24308
Food cents
Hertzler, Ann A.
Scott, Elaine D.
Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE)
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Discusses how to plan and follow a food budget.
2016-04-07
2016-04-07
1987-08
Extension publication
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/65106
en
Publication (Virginia Cooperative Extension Service) ; 348-006
Virginia Cooperative Extension materials are available for public use, re-print, or citation without further permission, provided the use includes credit to the author and to Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, and Virginia State University.
Virginia Cooperative Extension Service
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1138772023-02-21T08:11:51Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_24308
Sensing local energetics to acutely regulate mitophagy in skeletal muscle
Nichenko, Anna S.
Specht, Kalyn S.
Craige, Siobhan M.
Drake, Joshua C.
AMPK
energetic stress
mitochondria
mitophagy
reactive oxygen species
1 Underpinning research
1.1 Normal biological development and functioning
Musculoskeletal
The energetic requirements of skeletal muscle to sustain movement, as during exercise, is met largely by mitochondria, which form an intricate, interconnected reticulum. Maintenance of a healthy mitochondrial reticulum is essential for skeletal muscle function, suggesting quality control pathways are spatially governed. Mitophagy, the process by which damaged and/or dysfunctional regions of the mitochondrial reticulum are removed and degraded, has emerged as an integral part of the molecular response to exercise. Upregulation of mitophagy in response to acute exercise is directly connected to energetic sensing mechanisms through AMPK. In this review, we discuss the connection of mitophagy to muscle energetics and how AMPK may spatially control mitophagy through multiple potential means.
2023-02-20
2023-02-20
2022-08-29
2023-02-20
Article - Refereed
2296-634X
PMC9465048
987317 (PII)
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/113877
https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2022.987317
10
Drake, Joshua [0000-0001-6658-4975]
36105350
2296-634X
en
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36105350
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Frontiers
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1018492021-01-13T08:12:53Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_24308
Liver macrophages inhibit the endogenous antioxidant response in obesity-associated insulin resistance
Azzimato, Valerio
Jager, Jennifer
Chen, Ping
Morgantini, Cecilia
Levi, Laura
Barreby, Emelie
Sulen, Andre
Oses, Carolina
Willerbrords, Joost
Xu, Connie
Li, Xidan
Shen, Joanne X.
Akbar, Naveed
Haag, Lars
Ellis, Ewa
Wålhen, Kerstin
Näslund, Erik
Thorell, Anders
Choudhury, Robin P.
Lauschke, Volker M.
Rydén, Mikael
Craige, Siobhan M.
Aouadi, Myriam
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
06 Biological Sciences
11 Medical and Health Sciences
Obesity and insulin resistance are risk factors for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. Because no approved medication nor an accurate and noninvasive diagnosis is currently available for NAFLD, there is a clear need to better understand the link between obesity and NAFLD. Lipid accumulation during obesity is known to be associated with oxidative stress and inflammatory activation of liver macrophages (LMs). However, we show that although LMs do not become proinflammatory during obesity, they display signs of oxidative stress. In livers of both humans and mice, antioxidant nuclear factor erythroid 2– related factor 2 (NRF2) was down-regulated with obesity and insulin resistance, yielding an impaired response to lipid accumulation. At the molecular level, a microRNA-targeting NRF2 protein, miR-144, was elevated in the livers of obese insulin-resistant humans and mice, and specific silencing of miR-144 in murine and human LMs was sufficient to restore NRF2 protein expression and the antioxidant response. These results highlight the pathological role of LMs and their therapeutic potential to restore the impaired endogenous antioxidant response in obesity-associated NAFLD.
2021-01-12
2021-01-12
2020-02-26
2021-01-12
Article - Refereed
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101849
en
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
In Copyright (InC)
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1166972023-11-30T17:44:39Zcom_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_18629col_10919_24308
Matching barriers and facilitators to implementation strategies: recommendations for community settings
Balis, Laura E.
Houghtaling, Bailey
Background
Implementation science aims to improve the integration of evidence-based interventions in real-world settings. While its methods and models could potentially apply to any field with evidence-based interventions, most research thus far has originated in clinical settings. Community settings often have fewer resources, missions beyond health, and a lack of support and expertise to implement evidence-based interventions when compared to many clinical settings. Thus, selecting and tailoring implementation strategies in community settings is particularly challenging, as existing compilations are primarily operationalized through clinical setting terminology. In this debate, we (1) share the process of using an existing match tool to select implementation strategies to increase uptake of nutrition and physical activity policy, systems, and environment interventions in community settings and (2) discuss the challenges of this process to argue that selecting implementation strategies in community settings has limited transferability from clinical settings and may require a unique implementation strategy compilation and pragmatic matching tool.
Matching barriers to implementation strategies
The impetus for this debate paper came from our work selecting implementation strategies to improve the implementation and eventual scaling of nutrition and physical activity policy, systems, and environment interventions in a community settings. We conducted focus groups with practitioners and used the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research-Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change match tool to select potential implementation strategies to overcome prominent barriers. There was limited congruence between tool outputs and optimal strategies, which may in part be due to differences in context between clinical and community settings. Based on this, we outline needs and recommendations for developing a novel and pragmatic matching tool for researchers and practitioners in community settings.
Conclusions
More work is needed to refine the implementation barrier-strategy matching process to ensure it is relevant, rapid, and rigorous. As leading implementation strategy scholars note, as more researchers document contextual factors and strategies selected to address them, the knowledge base will increase, and refined mapping processes can emerge.
2023-11-27
2023-11-27
2023-11-21
2023-11-26
Article - Refereed
Implementation Science Communications. 2023 Nov 21;4(1):144
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/116697
https://doi.org/10.1186/s43058-023-00532-1
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The Author(s)
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1078882022-06-13T16:32:56Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532com_10919_24262com_10919_5559col_10919_70873col_10919_24308col_10919_24344
Implementation and outcomes of the Balanced Living with Diabetes program conducted by Cooperative Extension in Rural Communities in Virginia
Rafie, Carlin
Hosig, Kathy L.
Wenzel, Sophie
Borowski, Shelby
Jiles, Kristina A.
Schlenker, Eleanor
1110 Nursing
1117 Public Health and Health Services
1303 Specialist Studies in Education
Introduction: Adult onset diabetes is a significant health issue in rural communities that are disproportionately suffering from the health, social and financial costs of the disease. Despite this, over half of rural counties in the USA lack access to diabetes selfmanagement programs, which are effective at improving diabetes management. The Cooperative Extension System (CES) is a nationwide education network that provides research-based information and programs in nearly 3000 counties in the USA to improve the health and wellbeing of rural and urban communities. This study evaluated the implementation and outcomes of a lifestyle management program, Balanced Living with Diabetes (BLD) conducted by community-based educators who are part of the CES in rural Virginia, to address the gap in diabetes education in these communities. BLD is grounded in social cognitive theory and has shown efficacy to modify dietary and physical activity behaviors resulting in improved glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: The study evaluated the implementation and effectiveness of BLD programs conducted by the CES in 16 rural counties over 2 years. Program adoption, reach, context, and barriers and facilitators to implementation were evaluated through program outcome data and extension educator interviews. Program outcomes included change in weight, glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C), diabetes knowledge, self-management practices, diet and physical activity behaviors, and self-efficacy from baseline to 12-week assessment.
Results: Extension educators conducted 30 programs, reaching 290 residents, with a 58% mean retention rate. The program resulted in a significant increase in diabetes and food knowledge, fruit, vegetable, and whole grain intake, use of the plate method, exercise, and diabetes management self-efficacy. A1C decreased significantly in participants with diabetes (mean reduction=0.345±1.013; p=0.001). The program was conducted twice in 11 counties, and once in five counties. Barriers to program adoption in the five counties included limited community interest, competing program priorities of the extension educator, and loss of extension personnel to conduct the program. Participant communication materials and systems to enhance program sustainability were developed in response to educator feedback. Process evaluation indicated that the program was highly acceptable to extension educators and program participants.
Conclusion: The CES is an effective network for implementation of diabetes lifestyle-management programs in underserved communities, and the BLD program is effective at increasing lifestyle behaviors and self-efficacy that improve glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes. Collaboration by Virginia’s CES with a variety of community partners, including healthcare and social service providers, increases the reach and sustainability of extension diabetes programs. The CES in the USA is well positioned to fill the gap in diabetes education in rural communities as part of a chronic care model.
2022-01-24
2022-01-24
2021-08
2022-01-24
Article - Refereed
Rafie C, Hosig K, Wenzel SG, Borowski S, Jiles KA, Schlenker E. Implementation and outcomes of the Balanced Living with Diabetes program conducted by Cooperative Extension in rural communities in Virginia. Rural and Remote Health 2021; 21: 6620. https://doi.org /10.22605/RRH6620
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/107888
https://doi.org/10.22605/RRH6620
Rafie, Carlin [0000-0002-1402-5650]
Hosig, Kathryn [0000-0001-9418-8830]
Wenzel, Sophie [0000-0002-6961-3820]
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Virginia
United States
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/558302023-06-14T17:01:39Zcom_10919_5523com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_5548col_10919_24308
Healthy Weights for Healthy Kids, Smart Foods Lesson, Experience: Color Your Plate
Serrano, Elena L.
Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE)
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
4-H Food, Nutrition, & Health
This activity will teach students the importance of eating a variety of fruits and vegetables for a healthy diet.
2015-08-06
2015-08-06
2011
2011-06-09
Extension publication
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/55830
http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/349/349-015/349-015_pdf.pdf
en
Publication (Virginia Cooperative Extension) ; 349-015
Virginia Cooperative Extension materials are available for public use, re-print, or citation without further permission, provided the use includes credit to the author and to Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, and Virginia State University.
Virginia
United States
Virginia Cooperative Extension
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/734732023-06-14T19:56:25Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_24308
Metabolic syndrome and risk factors for cardiovascular disease: are nonagenarians protected?
Frisard, Madlyn I.
Rood, Jennifer C.
Fang, Xiaobing
Su, Joseph
Welsh, David A.
Jazwinski, S. Michal
Ravussin, Eric
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Geology
DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON
CATCHMENT-SCALE
FOREST ECOSYSTEMS
NORTHERN SWEDEN
RESIDENCE TIME
BOREAL STREAMS
SOIL
RUNOFF
MATTER
EXPORT
2016-11-17
2016-11-17
2009-03-01
Article - Refereed
0161-9152
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73473
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-008-9082-z
31
1
en
Louisiana Healthy Aging Study
http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000263644800007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=930d57c9ac61a043676db62af60056c1
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International
Springer
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/189382023-06-14T17:01:31Zcom_10919_78629com_10919_78628com_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_79524col_10919_18629col_10919_24308
Unsupervised clustering of gene expression data points at hypoxia as possible trigger for metabolic syndrome
Ptitsyn, Andrey
Hulver, Matthew W.
Cefalu, William
York, David
Smith, Steven R.
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Background
Classification of large volumes of data produced in a microarray experiment allows for the extraction of important clues as to the nature of a disease.
Results
Using multi-dimensional unsupervised FOREL (FORmal ELement) algorithm we have re-analyzed three public datasets of skeletal muscle gene expression in connection with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (DM2). Our analysis revealed the major line of variation between expression profiles of normal, insulin resistant, and diabetic skeletal muscle. A cluster of most "metabolically sound" samples occupied one end of this line. The distance along this line coincided with the classic markers of diabetes risk, namely obesity and insulin resistance, but did not follow the accepted clinical diagnosis of DM2 as defined by the presence or absence of hyperglycemia. Genes implicated in this expression pattern are those controlling skeletal muscle fiber type and glycolytic metabolism. Additionally myoglobin and hemoglobin were upregulated and ribosomal genes deregulated in insulin resistant patients.
Conclusion
Our findings are concordant with the changes seen in skeletal muscle with altitude hypoxia. This suggests that hypoxia and shift to glycolytic metabolism may also drive insulin resistance.
2012-08-24
2012-08-24
2006-12-19
2012-08-24
Article - Refereed
BMC Genomics. 2006 Dec 19;7(1):318
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/18938
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-7-318
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Andrey Ptitsyn et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/997402023-06-14T17:01:22Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_24308
Stakeholders’ Views About the FNV Campaign to Increase the Sales and Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables in Two U.S. Cities
Kraak, Vivica
Englund, Tessa R.
Zhou, Mi
Duffey, Kiyah J.
In 2015, the PHA launched the branded FNV (Fruits & Veggies) Campaign in California and Virginia to increase sales and consumption of fruits and vegetables among millennial moms (21-34 years) and Generation Z teens (15-20 years). This study explored diverse stakeholders’ views and expectations about the FNV Campaign’s design, implementation and effectiveness in the test locations—Fresno in the Central Valley region of California and the Hampton Roads region of southeastern Virginia (May 2015 to September 2016); and their views about future expansion, scaling up and sustainability.
Methods: We used a purposive sampling strategy to recruit and interview diverse stakeholders (n=22) (i.e., government, business, trade associations, public-interest non-governmental organizations, private foundations, and academic institutions) by phone (n=18) or in-person (n=4) between July and October 2016. We used a 15-item interview guide to explore stakeholders’ views and expectations about eight constructs (i.e., design, reach, adoption, effectiveness, impact, expansion, scaling up and sustainability) for the FNV Campaign. The interviews were analyzed using qualitative research principles and NVivo 11 software. The written transcripts were coded and analyzed for emergent themes. The results were summarized as perceived opportunities and challenges for the eight constructs.
Results: Stakeholders represented national, state or local government agencies (36.4%; n=8), private-sector businesses (18.2%; n=4), industry trade associations (9.1%; n=2), public-interest organizations (9.1%; n=2), academic researchers (13.6%; n=3) and private foundations (13.6%; n=3). Design opportunities included breadth of creative marketing strategies including celebrities. Challenges were inadequate formative research conducted and confusion about the FNV brand and message content. Reach opportunities were social media and in-store fruit and vegetable retail potential, whereas challenges were underutilization of food-retail partnerships and desire for objective and rigorous evaluation data. Adoption opportunities were diverse sponsorship, assistance of local partners, and community excitement generated by FNV association. Adoption challenges were lack of a clear long-term communication plan between PHA and partners, limited flexibility for local adaptation, and lack of evidence to show that FNV brand or messages had increased fruit and vegetable sales or intake. Effectiveness and impact opportunities were some positive sales data from Virginia and public relations impressions. Challenges were a lack of targeted outcomes, limited transparency to share sales data and Campaign results with funders, and one-year pilot was inadequate to show positive effects. Expansion opportunities included potential to expand partnerships with SNAP retailers and untapped community-based supporters. Perceived challenges were that FNV targeted high-income food retailers were SNAP participants did not shop, and more than a campaign is needed to reach low-income consumers. Sustainability opportunities were well-resourced national partners and community-based organizations that could play a central role, and potential for commodity produce groups to support the Campaign. Challenges were sustaining clear communication with partners over time, fundraising, and keeping FNV brand and messages resonating with diverse audiences.
Conclusions: This qualitative evaluation can inform the design and PHA partnership engagement strategy as the FNV campaign expands to other locations to increase fruit and vegetable sales and consumption among ethnically, racially and culturally diverse Americans. We offer four recommendations for evaluating the FNV Campaign’s effectiveness, impact and sustainability in other locations.
2020-08-19
2020-08-19
2017-12
2020-08-19
Report
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99740
Kraak, Vivica [0000-0002-9303-5530]
en
Stakeholders’ Views About the FNV Campaign to Increase the Sales and Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables in Two U.S. Cities
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
In Copyright
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1064862023-11-29T19:09:54Zcom_10919_5540com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_71752col_10919_24308
A Single-Carbon Stable Isotope Ratio Model Prediction Equation Can Estimate Self-Reported Added Sugars Intake in an Adult Population Living in Southwest Virginia
Hedrick, Valisa E.
Halliday, Tanya M.
Davy, Brenda M.
Zoellner, Jamie M.
Jahren, A. Hope
biomarker
added sugars
dietary assessment
carbon stable isotopes
The δ13C value of blood is a novel proposed biomarker of added sugars (AS) intake. AS prediction equations using either a single- (δ13C) or dual-isotope model (δ13C and δ15N) were previously developed in an adult population with high AS intake living in southwest Virginia (reference group). The purpose of this investigation was to test the δ13C single- and δ13C and δ15N dual-isotope prediction equations for AS intake in adults with a lower mean AS intake and different demographic characteristics (test group). The blood samples for the reference (n = 257 for single-isotope, n = 115 for dual-isotope) and test groups (n = 56) were analyzed for δ13C and δ15N values using natural abundance stable isotope mass spectrometry and were compared to reported dietary AS intake. When the δ13C single-isotope equation was applied to the test group, predicted AS intake was not significantly different from reported AS intake (mean difference ± standard error = −3.6 ± 5.5 g, Z = −0.55, p = 0.51). When testing the dual-isotope equation, predicted AS was different from reported AS intake (mean difference ± SEM = 13.0 ± 5.4 g, Z = −2.95, p = 0.003). δ13C value was able to predict AS intake using a blood sample within this population subset. The single-isotope prediction equation may be an alternative method to assess AS intake and is more objective, cost-feasible, and efficient than traditional dietary assessment methods. However, more research is needed to assess this biomarker with rigorous study designs such as controlled feeding.
2021-11-02
2021-11-02
2021-10-28
Article - Refereed
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/106486
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13113842
13
11
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Virginia
United States
MDPI
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/254692023-06-14T17:01:29Zcom_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_24308
Exploring Community Gardens in a Health Disparate Population: Findings from a Mixed Methods Pilot Study
Zanko, Ashley
Price, Bryan
Bonner, Jennifer
Hill, Jennie L.
Zoellner, Jamie M.
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Community-based participatory research|gardening
research pilot projects
environment and public health
Background: Despite recommendations, there have been few efforts to apply the community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach in the development, implementation, and evaluation of community gardens. Objectives: As guided by the CBPR approach and grounded in a social-ecological model and behavioral theory, the purpose of this mixed methods study was to understand opinions and interests in developing and implementing a community garden and to understand factors impacting fruit, vegetable, and gardening behaviors. Methods: Community and academic members collaborated to develop and execute this study. The qualitative phase- targeting regional key informants-was designed to elicit perceived benefits and challenges of community gardens at the environmental, community, and individual levels. The quantitative phase targeted low resourced youth and parents and included a variety of validated theory-based questionnaires to understand factors impacting fruit, vegetable, and gardening behaviors. Results: Major benefits of community gardens that emerged from the 10 qualitative interviews included increasing community cohesion and improving nutrition and physical activity factors. The quantitative phase included 87 youth and 67 parents. Across 16 items for fruits and vegetables, the average willingness to try was 1.32 (standard deviation [SD] = 0.40) on a 2-point scale. The majority of youth indicated they would work in a garden (n = 59; 68%) and eat food grown in their garden (n = 71; 82%). Among parents, gardening attitude, belief, and self-efficacy scores were all above average; however, gardening intentions were neutral. Conclusion: This research illustrates the successful partnering a community-academic team and has provided the partnership with a clearer lens to conceptualize and launch future regional community garden efforts.
2014-02-18
2014-02-18
2012
2014-01-31
Article
Zoellner, J. & Zanko, A. & Price, B. & Bonner, J. & Hill, J. L. (2012). Exploring Community Gardens in a Health Disparate Population: Findings from a Mixed Methods Pilot Study. Progress in Community Health Partnerships: Research, Education, and Action 6(2), 153-165. doi: 10.1353/cpr.2012.0014
1557-055X
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/25469
http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/cpr/summary/v006/6.2.zoellner01.html
https://doi.org/10.1353/cpr.2012.0014
en
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
In Copyright
Johns Hopkins Univ Press
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/750492023-11-29T19:09:56Zcom_10919_78629com_10919_78628com_10919_5540com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_78791col_10919_71752col_10919_24308
The Comparative Validity of Interactive Multimedia Questionnaires to Paper-Administered Questionnaires for Beverage Intake and Physical Activity: Pilot Study
Riebl, Shaun K.
Paone, Allyson C.
Hedrick, Valisa E.
Zoellner, Jamie M.
Estabrooks, Paul A.
Davy, Brenda M.
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
validity and reliability
multimedia
dietary assessment
beverages
physical activity
Background: Brief, valid, and reliable dietary and physical activity assessment tools are needed, and interactive computerized assessments (ie, those with visual cues, pictures, sounds, and voiceovers) can reduce administration and scoring burdens commonly encountered with paper-based assessments.
Objective: The purpose of this pilot investigation was to evaluate the comparative validity and reliability of interactive multimedia (IMM) versions (ie, IMM-1 and IMM-2) compared to validated paper-administered (PP) versions of the beverage intake questionnaire (BEVQ-15) and Stanford Leisure-Time Activity Categorical Item (L-Cat); a secondary purpose was to evaluate results across two education attainment levels.
Methods: Adults 21 years or older (n=60) were recruited to complete three laboratory sessions, separated by three to seven days in a randomly assigned sequence, with the following assessments–demographic information, two IMM and one paper-based (PP) version of the BEVQ-15 and L-Cat, health literacy, and an IMM usability survey.
Results: Responses across beverage categories from the IMM-1 and PP versions (validity; r=.34-.98) and the IMM-1 and IMM-2 administrations (reliability; r=.61-.94) (all P<.001) were significantly correlated. Paired t tests revealed significant differences in sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) grams and kcal (P=.02 and P=.01, respectively) and total beverage kcal (P=.03), on IMM-1 and IMM-2; however, comparative validity was demonstrated between IMM-2 and the PP version suggesting familiarization with the IMM tool may influence participant responses (mean differences: SSB 63 grams, SEM 87; P=.52; SSB 21 kcal, SEM 33; P=.48; total beverage 65 kcal, SEM 49; P=.19). Overall mean scores between the PP and both IMM versions of the L-Cat were different (both P<.001); however, responses on all versions were correlated (P<.001). Differences between education categories were noted at each L-Cat administration (IMM-1: P=.008; IMM-2: P=.001; PP: P=.002). Major and minor themes from user feedback suggest that the IMM questionnaires were easy to complete, and relevant to participants' typical beverage choices and physical activity habits.
Conclusions: In general, less educated participants consumed more total beverage and SSB energy, and reported less engagement in physical activity. The IMM BEVQ-15 appears to be a valid and reliable measure to assess habitual beverage intake, although software familiarization may increase response accuracy. The IMM-L-Cat can be considered reliable and may have permitted respondents to more freely disclose actual physical activity levels versus the paper-administered tool. Future larger-scale investigations are warranted to confirm these possibilities.
2017-02-16
2017-02-16
2013-10-22
Article - Refereed
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/75049
https://doi.org/10.2196/resprot.2830
2
2
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic
JMIR Publications
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/789922021-09-23T19:43:43Zcom_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_78797col_10919_24308
Reduced Muscle Glycogen Differentially Affects Exercise Performance and Muscle Fatigue
Williams, Jay H.
Batts, Timothy W.
Lees, Simon J.
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
This investigation examined the effects of reduced muscle glycogen on exercise performance and muscle fatigue. Male rats were assigned to a low glycogen group (LG) that participated in a protocol of exercise and fasting, a high glycogen group (HG) that exercised but were allowed free access to food, or control group (CON) that did not exercise but were allowed free access to food. Following the protocol, muscle glycogen content of the LG animals was reduced by 45%. The LG animals also performed 79 and 81% less voluntary treadmill exercise than the HG and CON groups. At exhaustion, the LG group had lower blood glucose than HG and CON but exhibited no reduction in sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) function. During 30 min of in situ stimulation, the rates and magnitudes of muscle fatigue were not significantly different between groups, and fatigue-induced reductions in SR function were similar between groups. The results indicate that reduced muscle glycogen markedly impairs voluntary exercise performance but does not appreciably affect isolated muscle function. It is likely that exercise exhaustion due to reduced muscle glycogen is due, in large part, to hypoglycemia and central fatigue as opposed to peripheral mechanisms.
2017-09-18
2017-09-18
2012-12-03
2017-09-18
Article - Refereed
Jay H. Williams, Timothy W. Batts, and Simon Lees, “Reduced Muscle Glycogen Differentially Affects Exercise Performance and Muscle Fatigue,” ISRN Physiology, vol. 2013, Article ID 371235, 8 pages, 2013. doi:10.1155/2013/371235
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78992
https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/371235
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Copyright © 2013 Jay H. Williams et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Hindawi
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/979822020-06-10T18:18:32Zcom_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_24308
Does GPER Really Function as a G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor in vivo?
Luo, Jing
Liu, Dongmin
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
GPR30
GPER
estrogen receptor
estrogen
physiological role
Estrogen can elicit pleiotropic cellular responses via a diversity of estrogen receptors (ERs)-mediated genomic and rapid non-genomic mechanisms. Unlike the genomic responses, where the classical nuclear ER alpha and ER beta act as transcriptional factors following estrogen binding to regulate gene transcription in estrogen target tissues, the non-genomic cellular responses to estrogen are believed to start at the plasma membrane, leading to rapid activation of second messengers-triggered cytoplasmic signal transduction cascades. The recently acknowledged ER, GPR30 or GPER, was discovered in human breast cancer cells two decades ago and subsequently in many other cells. Since its discovery, it has been claimed that estrogen, ER antagonist fulvestrant, as well as some estrogenic compounds can directly bind to GPER, and therefore initiate the non-genomic cellular responses. Various recently developed genetic tools as well as chemical ligands greatly facilitated research aimed at determining the physiological roles of GPER in different tissues. However, there is still lack of evidence that GPER plays a significant role in mediating endogenous estrogen action in vivo. This review summarizes current knowledge about GPER, including its tissue expression and cellular localization, with emphasis on the research findings elucidating its role in health and disease. Understanding the role of GPER in estrogen signaling will provide opportunities for the development of new therapeutic strategies to strengthen the benefits of estrogen while limiting the potential side effects.
2020-05-06
2020-05-06
2020-03-31
Article - Refereed
1664-2392
148
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/97982
https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2020.00148
11
32296387
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/930102023-11-29T19:10:06Zcom_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_5540com_10919_24242com_10919_5549com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_78882col_10919_71752col_10919_24339col_10919_24308
Progress Evaluation for Transnational Restaurant Chains to Reformulate Products and Standardize Portions to Meet Healthy Dietary Guidelines and Reduce Obesity and Non-Communicable Disease Risks, 2000–2018: A Scoping and Systematic Review to Inform Policy
Kraak, Vivica
Rincón-Gallardo Patiño, Sofía
Renukuntla, Deepthi
Kim, Eojina
Hospitality and Tourism Management
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
transnational restaurants
food and beverage
product profiles
portions
healthy diet
Transnational restaurant chains sell food and beverage products in 75 to 139 countries worldwide linked to obesity and non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This study examined whether transnational restaurant chains reformulated products and standardized portions aligned with healthy dietary guidelines and criteria. Firstly, we describe the transnational restaurant industry structure and eating trends. Secondly, we summarize results from a scoping review of healthy dietary guidelines for restaurants. Thirdly, we describe a systematic review of five electronic databases (2000–2018) to identify studies on nutrient profile and portion size changes made by transnational restaurants over 18 years. We used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, identified 179 records, and included 50 studies conducted in 30 countries across six regions. The scoping review found a few expert-recommended targets for restaurants to improve offerings, but no internationally accepted standard for portions or serving sizes. The systematic review results showed no standardized assessment methods or metrics to evaluate transnational chain restaurants’ practices to improve menu offerings. There was wide variation within and across countries, regions, firms, and chains to reduce energy, saturated and trans fats, sodium, and standardized portions. These results may inform future research and encourage transnational chain restaurants to offer healthy product profiles and standardized portions to reduce obesity and NCD risks worldwide.
2019-08-09
2019-08-09
2019-07-31
2019-08-09
Article - Refereed
Kraak, V.; Rincón-Gallardo Patiño, S.; Renukuntla, D.; Kim, E. Progress Evaluation for Transnational Restaurant Chains to Reformulate Products and Standardize Portions to Meet Healthy Dietary Guidelines and Reduce Obesity and Non-Communicable Disease Risks, 2000–2018: A Scoping and Systematic Review to Inform Policy. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 2732.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/93010
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16152732
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
MDPI
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1079352022-01-27T08:11:30Zcom_10919_5com_10919_25799com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_70873col_10919_24308
Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) Risk Factors and Metabolic Syndrome in HIV-Positive Drug Users in Miami
Baum, Marianna K.
Rafie, Carlin
Lai, Shenghan
Xue, Lihua
Sales, Sabrina
Page, J. Bryan
Berkman, Ronald
Karas, Linden
Campa, Adriana
1117 Public Health and Health Services
The frequency of coronary heart disease (CHD) is increasing among HIV seropositive persons. This phenomenon may be related to HIV disease itself, the use of antiretroviral medications and increased length of survival, or the synergism of these factors. In this study we have calculated the 10-year CHD risk estimate and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in a cohort of 118 HIV seropositive chronic drug users, including those who are on HAART with or without protease inhibitors (PI). The results showed that the 10-year coronary heart disease risk among the HIV seropositive drug users was 4.8 ± 5.7, which is within the range of results published for other HIV infected cohorts. The 10-year CHD risk was significantly higher in men (5.9±6.1, p<0.001) than in women (1.7±2.4), due to their gender and the pre-menopausal mean age of the women (39.4±7.3 years of age), despite a significantly higher rate of abdominal obesity (54.8% in women vs. 8.1% in men, p<0.001) and lower HDL (61.3% in women vs. 40% in men, p=0.042). The rate of metabolic syndrome among our female HIV seropositive drug users was significantly higher (29% vs 10.3%, p=0.013) compared to men (10.3%). Participants with metabolic syndrome had a significantly higher 10-year CHD risk (27.8% vs. 10.2%, p=0.041) and higher mean BMI (28.6 ± 4.1 vs. 24.2±4, p<0.001) than those without the syndrome. The predominant proportion of the cohort had a high viral load, suggesting that their use of illicit drugs has an influence on either adherence or effectiveness of antiretroviral medication. Increased viral load was significantly associated with metabolic syndrome (OR=2.23, 95% CI:1.12, 4.47; p=0.023), high fasting glucose (OR=1.61, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.55; p=0.042) and low HDL levels (OR=1.41, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.98; p=0.046), after controlling for age gender, smoking, PI exposure, BMI and CD4. HAART with or without PI did not significantly impact the 10-year CHD risk estimate or metabolic syndrome in this cohort. The estimated effect of PI, however, was positively and significantly related to triglyceride levels (effect estimate=95.81; 95% CI:39.40, 152.21; p<0.01) after controlling for age, gender, smoking, viral load, CD4 cell count and BMI. Heavy use of cigarettes and crack/cocaine was inversely associated with obesity (OR=0.84, 95% CI:0.67, 0.99; p=0.049; OR=0.43, 95% CI:0.19, 0.98; p=0.044, respectively), while use of marijuana tended to be associated with increased central obesity (p=0.08). Heavy cigarette smoking was significantly associated with low HDL (OR=3.06, 95% CI:1.18; 7.95, p=0.02). The significant association of higher viral load with CHD risk indicates that controlling viral load may be important in reducing CHD risk in HIV infected drug users.
2022-01-26
2022-01-26
2006-01
2022-01-26
Article - Refereed
1553-6203
PMC2435190
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/107935
https://doi.org/10.3844/ajidsp.2006.173.179
2
3
Rafie, Carlin [0000-0002-1402-5650]
18568100
en
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18568100
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
In Copyright
Miami
Florida
United States
Science Publications
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/558202023-06-14T17:01:39Zcom_10919_5523com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_5548col_10919_24308
Healthy Weights for Healthy Kids, Smart Image Lesson, Experience: What's Important Is Inside
Serrano, Elena L.
Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE)
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
4-H Food, Nutrition, & Health
This activity will help students identify positive traits in other students in their class and teaches that it's what's inside a person that is important.
2015-08-06
2015-08-06
2011
2011-06-09
Extension publication
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/55820
http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/349/349-006/349-006_pdf.pdf
en
Publication (Virginia Cooperative Extension) ; 349-006
Virginia Cooperative Extension materials are available for public use, re-print, or citation without further permission, provided the use includes credit to the author and to Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, and Virginia State University.
Virginia
United States
Virginia Cooperative Extension
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/561112023-06-14T17:01:37Zcom_10919_5523com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_5548col_10919_24308
Energy Drinks: Are They Healthy for Children?
Serrano, Elena L.
Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE)
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Health & Nutrition
This publication reviews the amount of caffeine, nutrients, and additives in energy drinks and the effects the drinks have on children and teens.
2015-08-06
2015-08-06
2014-03-17
2014-09-04
Extension publication
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/56111
http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/HNFE/HNFE-183/HNFE-183-pdf.pdf
en
Publication (Virginia Cooperative Extension) ; HNFE-183P
Virginia Cooperative Extension materials are available for public use, re-print, or citation without further permission, provided the use includes credit to the author and to Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, and Virginia State University.
Virginia Cooperative Extension
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/945652023-11-29T19:10:11Zcom_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_5540com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_78882col_10919_71752col_10919_24308
Mapping the Celebrity Endorsement of Branded Food and Beverage Products and Marketing Campaigns in the United States, 1990–2017
Zhou, Mi
Rajamohan, Srijith
Hedrick, Valisa E.
Rincón-Gallardo Patiño, Sofía
Abidi, Faiz
Polys, Nicholas F.
Kraak, Vivica
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
celebrity endorsement
food and beverage products
Smart Snacks Standards
United States
Celebrity endorsement used to promote energy-dense and nutrient-poor (EDNP) food and beverage products may contribute to poor dietary habits. This study examined celebrity endorsement of branded food and beverage products and marketing campaigns in the United States (US) from 1990 to 2017. Celebrity endorsement data were collected from peer-reviewed and grey literature. Interactive data visualizations were created for the endorsement relationships between celebrities, companies and products whose nutritional profiles were compared with the US Department of Agriculture’s (USDA’s) Smart Snacks Standards. Logistic regression was used to explore associations between celebrities’ demographic profiles and the nutritional profiles of products. Results showed 542 celebrities were associated with 732 endorsements representing 120 brands of 59 companies across 10 food and beverage categories. Two thirds (67.2%; <i>n</i> = 80) of the brands represented EDNP products that did not align with the USDA’s Smart Snacks Standards. Logistic regression analysis indicated that Millennial (<i>p</i> = 0.008) and male celebrities (<i>p</i> = 0.041) were more likely to endorse EDNP products than Generation Z teen and female celebrities, respectively. No statistical significance was observed for celebrities of other demographic profiles. This study may inform future policies and actions of the US government, industry, researchers and consumer advocacy organizations to use celebrity endorsement to promote healthy food environments for Americans.
2019-10-14
2019-10-14
2019-10-04
2019-10-11
Article - Refereed
Zhou, M.; Rajamohan, S.; Hedrick, V.; Rincón-Gallardo Patiño, S.; Abidi, F.; Polys, N.; Kraak, V. Mapping the Celebrity Endorsement of Branded Food and Beverage Products and Marketing Campaigns in the United States, 1990–2017. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 3743.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/94565
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16193743
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
United States
MDPI
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/113092023-06-14T17:01:25Zcom_10919_5523com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_5548col_10919_24308
Kids, Food, and Electronic Media
Hertzler, Ann A.
Serrano, Elena L.
Barden, Cindy
Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE)
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Parenting
Television and other electronic media are major forms of entertainment for children. Researchers found that the total time spent with electronic media by children ages 2 to 18 was five and a half hours each day. So, what consequences can electronic media use have on children? The consequences are wide-ranging and can be both positive and negative.
2011-08-22
2011-08-22
2009-05-01
Extension publication
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/11309
http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/348/348-008/348-008_pdf.pdf
en
Publication (Virginia Cooperative Extension): 348-008
Kids, food, and television
Virginia Cooperative Extension materials are available for public use, re-print, or citation without further permission, provided the use includes credit to the author and to Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, and Virginia State University.
Virginia Cooperative Extension
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/1022732023-11-29T19:10:12Zcom_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_5540com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_78882col_10919_71752col_10919_24308
The Emerging Role of Polyphenols in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes
Wang, Yao
Alkhalidy, Hana
Liu, Dongmin
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
polyphenol
GLP-1
glucose homeostasis
microbiota
type 2 diabetes
Obesity
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a fast-increasing health problem globally, and it results from insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is recognized as one of the major regulatory organs of glucose homeostasis that involves multiple gut hormones and microbiota. Notably, the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secreted from enteroendocrine L-cells plays a pivotal role in maintaining glucose homeostasis via eliciting pleiotropic effects, which are largely mediated via its receptor. Thus, targeting the GLP-1 signaling system is a highly attractive therapeutic strategy to treatment T2D. Polyphenols, the secondary metabolites from plants, have drawn considerable attention because of their numerous health benefits, including potential anti-diabetic effects. Although the major targets and locations for the polyphenolic compounds to exert the anti-diabetic action are still unclear, the first organ that is exposed to these compounds is the GI tract in which polyphenols could modulate enzymes and hormones. Indeed, emerging evidence has shown that polyphenols can stimulate GLP-1 secretion, indicating that these natural compounds might exert metabolic action at least partially mediated by GLP-1. This review provides an overview of nutritional regulation of GLP-1 secretion and summarizes recent studies on the roles of polyphenols in GLP-1 secretion and degradation as it relates to metabolic homeostasis. In addition, the effects of polyphenols on microbiota and microbial metabolites that could indirectly modulate GLP-1 secretion are also discussed.
2021-02-05
2021-02-05
2021-01-29
2021-02-05
Article - Refereed
Wang, Y.; Alkhalidy, H.; Liu, D. The Emerging Role of Polyphenols in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes. Molecules 2021, 26, 703.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/102273
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26030703
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
MDPI
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/550242023-11-29T19:10:13Zcom_10919_8195com_10919_25799com_10919_5540com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_18629col_10919_71752col_10919_24308
Insulin resistance is associated with epigenetic and genetic regulation of mitochondrial DNA in obese humans
Zheng, Louise D.
Linarelli, Leah E.
Liu, Longhua
Wall, Sarah S.
Greenawald, Mark H.
Seidel, Richard W.
Estabrooks, Paul A.
Almeida, Fabio A.
Cheng, Zhiyong
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
Background
Mitochondrial alterations have been observed in subjects with metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes. Studies on animal models and cell cultures suggest aberrant glucose and lipid levels, and impaired insulin signaling might lead to mitochondrial changes. However, the molecular mechanism underlying mitochondrial aberrance remains largely unexplored in human subjects.
Results
Here we show that the mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAn) was significantly reduced (6.9-fold lower, p < 0.001) in the leukocytes from obese humans (BMI >30). The reduction of mtDNAn was strongly associated with insulin resistance (HOMA-IR: −0.703, p < 0.05; fasting insulin level: −0.015, p < 0.05); by contrast, the correlation between fasting glucose or lipid levels and mtDNAn was not significant. Epigenetic study of the displacement loop (D-loop) region of mitochondrial genome, which controls the replication and transcription of the mitochondrial DNA as well as organization of the mitochondrial nucleoid, revealed a dramatic increase of DNA methylation in obese (5.2-fold higher vs. lean subjects, p < 0.05) and insulin-resistant (4.6-fold higher vs. insulin-sensitive subjects, p < 0.05) individuals.
Conclusions
The reduction of mtDNAn in obese human subjects is associated with insulin resistance and may arise from increased D-loop methylation, suggesting an insulin signaling-epigenetic-genetic axis in mitochondrial regulation.
2015-07-31
2015-07-31
2015-06-10
2015-07-31
Article - Refereed
Clinical Epigenetics. 2015 Jun 10;7(1):60
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/55024
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13148-015-0093-1
en
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Zheng et al.
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/972832020-06-10T03:34:12Zcom_10919_24231com_10919_5532com_10919_24233col_10919_24306col_10919_24308
Impact of short-term flavanol supplementation on fasting plasma trimethylamine N- oxide concentrations in obese adults
Angiletta, Chris J.
Griffin, Laura E.
Steele, Cortney N.
Baer, David J.
Novotny, Janet A.
Davy, Kevin P.
Neilson, Andrew P.
Food Science and Technology
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
The gut microbiome metabolizes choline and carnitine to release trimethylamine (TMA), which subsequently undergoes hepatic conversion to trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). Elevated TMAO levels are associated with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality risk. Dietary flavanols modulate the composition and function of the gut microbiome. Therefore, the possibility exists that these compounds could reduce intestinal TMA production and lower circulating TMAO. However, this hypothesis has never been tested in humans. A secondary analysis was performed on blood samples from a clinical study in which obese subjects at risk for insulin resistance consumed tea or cocoa flavanols in a randomized crossover design while consuming a controlled diet. These subjects generally had elevated TMAO levels (approximate to 5 M) compared to levels previously measured in healthy subjects (approximate to 1 M). None of the interventions significantly altered TMAO levels. Individual variability for choline and carnitine was relatively low. However, TMAO exhibited somewhat greater inter-individual variability. No differences in mean TMAO concentrations observed across interventions were seen based on separating subjects by glycemic status, body mass index (BMI), race, age, or gender. However, subject minimum and maximum values observed across the interventions appeared to be more strongly associated with glycemic status and age than mean values across interventions, suggesting that average TMAO values over time may be less useful than maximum or minimum values as markers of disease risk. Traditional physiological characteristics do not appear to predict TMAO responsiveness to flavanol interventions. However, African-American subjects appeared less responsive compared to non-Hispanic white subjects for both green tea and high cocoa treatments, and female subjects appeared less responsive than males for the high cocoa treatment. The present results suggest that a short-term flavanol intervention does not generally reduce fasting TMAO levels in subjects with elevated circulating TMAO.
2020-03-10
2020-03-10
2018-10-01
Article - Refereed
2042-6496
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/97283
https://doi.org/10.1039/c8fo00962g
9
10
30264073
2042-650X
en
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
CC0 1.0 Universal
oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/796262023-06-14T17:01:22Zcom_10919_78629com_10919_78628com_10919_24233com_10919_5532col_10919_79524col_10919_24308
Therapeutic effects of adropin on glucose tolerance and substrate utilization in diet-induced obese mice with insulin resistance
Gao, Su
McMillan, Ryan P.
Zhu, Qingzhang
Lopaschuk, Gary D.
Hulver, Matthew W.
Butler, Andrew A.
Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise
adropin
glucose metabolism
fatty acid metabolism
insulin action
metabolic flexibility
mitochondrial function
Objective: The peptide hormone adropin regulates fuel selection preferences in skeletal muscle under fed and fasted conditions. Here, we investigated whether adropin treatment can ameliorate the dysregulation of fuel substrate metabolism, and improve aspects of glucose homeostasis in diet-induced obesity (DIO) with insulin resistance.
Methods: DIO C57BL/6 mice maintained on a 60% kcal fat diet received five intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of the bioactive peptide adropin³⁴⁻⁷⁶(450 nmol/kg/i.p.). Following treatment, glucose tolerance and whole body insulin sensitivity were assessed and indirect calorimetry was employed to analyze whole body substrate oxidation preferences. Biochemical assays performed in skeletal muscle samples analyzed insulin signaling action and substrate oxidation.
Results: Adropin treatment improved glucose tolerance, enhanced insulin action and augmented metabolic flexibility towards glucose utilization. In muscle, adropin treatment increased insulin-induced Akt phosphorylation and cell-surface expression of GLUT4 suggesting sensitization of insulin signaling pathways. Reduced incomplete fatty acid oxidation and increased CoA/acetyl-CoA ratio suggested improved mitochondrial function. The underlying mechanisms appear to involve suppressions of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1B (CPT-1B) and CD36, two key enzymes in fatty acid utilization. Adropin treatment activated pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), a rate-limiting enzyme in glucose oxidation, and downregulated PDH kinase-4 (PDK-4) that inhibits PDH. Along with these changes, adropin treatment downregulated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1∝ that regulates expression of Cpt1b, Cd36 and Pdk4.
Conclusions: Adropin treatment of DIO mice enhances glucose tolerance, ameliorates insulin resistance and promotes preferential use of carbohydrate over fat in fuel selection. Skeletal muscle is a key organ in mediating adropin’s whole-body effects, sensitizing insulin signaling pathways and altering fuel selection preference to favor glucose while suppressing fat oxidation.
2017-10-12
2017-10-12
2015-01-17
Article - Refereed
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/79626
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molmet.2015.01.005
4
4
en
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
In Copyright
Elsevier
etdms///col_10919_24308/100