Okay, we're gonna get started. Thank you all
for coming. My name is Maria lisa Christy.
I'm the director of Women and gender in international Development
here at the Office of International Research, Education Development
, otherwise known as O. R. E.
D. Virginia Tech. This is the last of
our women and gender and development discussion series, which
we have every year. We have one a month
and uh very happy to have a very special speaker
from Guatemala for our last talk. I'd like to
begin today by acknowledging that this event is being held
on the traditional lands of the Moroccan people who are
the original custodians of Islam. There's a sign up
sheet, it's in the back and also we pass
it around. It's really important for us to see
who's coming ground under grab faculty stuff. Um and
it also gives you an opportunity to sign up for
the lister. You would only get messages about our
discussion series on the listener, but you can also
say no you don't want to have a list of
or that you're already on it. Um so we're
working on the agenda of the schedule for next year
. So you can look on our website to see
what happens as we develop. That this discussion will
last approximately 45 minutes with about 10 minutes for question
answer at the end, although we're actually gonna break
it up a little and having put along the way
. So now let me introduce our speaker. Oscar
Maldonado is an anthropologist, Ecologist and geographer With a
master's in environment and development from Flexo and a master's
in geography from the University of Texas at Austin.
He now works as an independent consultant and scholar has
worked in over 25 countries and four continents, though
he specializes in Latin, America and Africa. He's
fluent in spanish french in english and increasingly proficient in
Portuguese. His expertise is based not only on his
scientific and technical experience, but also a deep cultural
and gender sensitivity, which allows him to work seamlessly
in different cultural, social and disciplinary settings involving a
number of organizations and audiences and conservation projects. So
I want to mention some of his impressive array of
conservation organizations that he's worked with. These include the
World Wildlife Fund, the Nature Conservancy, the jane
Goodall Institute, rainforest Alliance, National Audubon Society,
forest trends, wilderness conservation society conservation, international conservation
coaches network, Grupo Harada, german, International Development
Agency and climate Community, biodiversity alliance and more.
However, he doesn't send all of his time working
. He personally is passionate about contemporary art, especially
photography, running and cycling, coffee and red wine
and he loves dogs. So Moscow is coming to
us from Guatemala. He's here for the week and
we're very excited to have you, thank you so
much. Thank you you all for coming. I
want to honor uh what this taking space? It's
titled and it's a discussion so I'm going to present
uh And I'm going I structured my presentation with five
case studies uh so feel free after each case study
to ask questions and then after my conditions we can
open up the discussion uh for uh more questions or
concerns you have about what I'm going to talk about
. But this is going to be a discussion.
I I want to invite you to come up in
the France because I see that everybody is like this
no T2 pills that sit in the back of the
classroom so please come closer uh so that we can
have a warmer discussion. Um uh mm Well as
you mentioned I structured my presentation with five kids studies
but before doing that I just want to give you
some background on what I'm doing and why I'm doing
that work and how are you doing that work?
Uh So I'm going to go through why we have
shipped some approaches in conservative in biodiversity conservation to make
uh north to making them more cultural social and gender
sensitive. Uh But also how I approach conservation and
how I worked with different things. What is the
methodological approach I use? Uh And then I'm going
to go through these five case studies uh in latin
America and africa mostly. Uh And of course I
want to have a discussion and so um doing conservation
. So my background as Maria mentioned is on anthropology
first. Uh then I focus on environmental sciences and
ecology and biology. Geography. And my background is
not. I mean the main reason of my background
is because I really wanted to approach conservation uh from
a social perspective first, and trying to understand and
this social model take uh conservation, whether conservation impact
uh people play dynamic roles in biodiversity conservation. Uh
And uh they usually are the first Stewart uh of
the natural resources particularly the leading natural resources. Um
because we all understand that our livelihoods as well as
uh our well being depend on natural resources and ecosystem
services. Uh but we all become uh increasingly uh
um people who exert pressure on natural resources, uh
the same natural resources we depend on. Mhm.
So uh these considerations uh have changed uh biodiversity planning
paradigms uh into a more social and cultural uh sensitive
approach. Uh We have understood the value of working
with rocket people and not just because we have understood
these uh by let's say uh Good means, but
there were a lot of critique during the 80s and
the 90s about how conservation ability organizations were undertaking conservation
projects, particularly uh with natural resources where people were
involved. Um Yeah so our conservation models uh which
were focused mostly on natural resources on leaving natural resources
uh started to change, they still exist, but
they started to change and we change to more participatory
approaches and considering aspects that were not considered uh in
in the past. Yeah. Mhm. And there
is an increasing participation of different social groups, particularly
indigenous groups and rural communities and of course Women in
Natural Conservation and as a result of this uh change
of paradigm in the way reference conservation. Mhm.
So uh as Marie Eddie mentioned, I worked currently
with different organizations, but my uh past professional life
has been a great increase influenced by the Natural Conservancy
, a science based organization that works mostly in asia
pacific latin America and the United States. Uh and
something that was good about the Natural Conservancy is that
it is an organization that is very strict in using
some methods. And they created um what we called
originally the five S and approach to really uh during
the zoot uh huh based conservation and tracking the results
of our interventions. So the five S were for
systems meaning systems ecosystems, but also species. Um
stress is what we're too that a cure on those
systems. Sources of stress, strategies and success and
success. What success, what is the way we
can track that we reach our objectives and how we
can monitoring uh that were going on the right.
Um So that responded uh to start looking for some
constitutional projects, not just for planning but also for
implementing and trying to use all the best practices that
we have gathered over time uh for doing natural resource
conservation. So we created what we call the open
standards, which is a very comprehensive approach for conservation
, project planning management and monitoring. So it includes
the whole. And this is a symbol of uh
the open standards is looking at conservation as a process
, not necessarily as a project. So once we
finished the first iteration of uh the conservation project,
we start the second one uh based on the experiences
we uh how far taken from the first uh iteration
. And of course this means that with these experiences
we implement adaptive country, so it's a strong uh
component of learning of what we need, the good
, the bad and the ugly uh trying to plan
the second iteration uh with this. But it is
good is that many organizations uh and not just international
, big conservation organizations, but also local ngos.
And even community uh organizations, grassroots organizations and development
organization started to understand uh that this approach really made
sense. And they started to implement it as well
. It's a good thing here is that we all
started to work on the same approach and start to
use the same language um across different projects. Across
different joke. So this is uh maybe who work
in conservation here? Who does? Okay, so
this is the skin, what we call the wheel
uh of the five big steps of the open standards
. And we start with a conceptualization which is more
diagnostic phase of what is going on. But it's
also it also implies a preparation phase for design conservation
strategies. Uh So the main points here are defining
the team and you're going to see that almost every
step we have, we have a lot of opportunities
to include gender company And I'm going to go to
the discussion with my guests studies. So we defined
the team. We define the scope of a project
division and the targets. The targets are these particular
aspects in biodiversity where we want to achieve a positive
change. And we identified critical threats on those targets
. And we developed a situation analysis using graphic tools
as a conceptual models. Then we plan actions and
monetary, we develop measurable objectives, We developed assumptions
, uh failings of change which is going to expand
later. How we can uh how this period of
change approach has worked in the projects um and involved
with um uh we developed monitoring a monitoring plan and
something that was very important. Uh modification of the
way we approach conservation with standards is that for the
first time we started to include really impacts we want
to achieve in our conservation projects and not necessarily tracking
how well we are implementing our activities. Activities were
meant to uh produce attract positive changes and we want
to measure those positive changes. Uh So the third
component is implementing actions and monitoring. So it's not
implementing actions and then monitoring but also monitoring all the
way so that we can do adaptive management. I
don't two others are uh and to prepare us to
the second iteration, we want to analyze uh use
the results and to adapt strategies has wanted and then
to capture. And shortly we learned that uh it's
useless to capture learning if you don't share their learning
within our team with other constitutional mutations and across the
conservation and develop. Mhm. So those are to
be mm five steps. And that was the main
assumption under the open uh standards approach conservation processes that
follow a set of standards based on best practices will
have better likelihood of achieving their intended results and which
is more important, they would be able to demonstrate
those results, but of course it has some limitations
. What is that? It was originally designed for
biodiversity conservation. So the social aspects was so that
was kind of uh uh huh weakness of the and
of course since it was uh Developed by uh four
whether conservation and developed mostly by biologists, uh it
was very poor understanding the social component of conservation.
Uh Mhm. Okay. But still uh it's still
is uh strongly biological uh science oriented uh stress and
biological science oriented because it's not social science oriented.
Uh And as a result of that it overlooks important
components like the result relationship between culture, human well
being and conservation. So I'm not if this is
difficult, just imagine how difficult it has been for
us to include their gender touch. So just including
people in general, it was difficult. So gender
was given okay but there are some opportunities. Um
What is that? We have strong components yeah in
participation and involving the right city homes. Uh So
we really need to innovate what are the rights of
colors in order to make this controversial process? Uh
more accurate to reality. Mhm. Uh The other
uh positive aspect is that it encourages um participatory planning
and participatory review of the process. Uh huh.
Hi I'm on china. Okay. Uh huh.
Yeah the other important aspect is uh we work for
developing and cultivating partnerships so this is extremely incorrect.
Uh Actually we do a lot of partnerships particularly with
local groups, uh documenting decisions. Okay. Why
we talked to decisions, Anchorage and transparency not just
for the team but also for external audiences. Review
in our success is unfair read reality adjusting with neither
when neither learning from experience and personally. So I
when the name open standards which is often a contradiction
of terms because the standard everybody thanks to think that
it's something extremely region. Uh we thought that it's
open sandals because we have first standards but those standards
I love you to use other complementary methodologies or complementary
approaches. So there are things that are really banged
in the process and things that I love you to
be more creative. What is important is to reach
the outcome. Uh huh That is required by the
methods. It's okay. So it starts to think
on introducing social aspects uh and human well being in
very diversity conservation project. That was much pressure and
it was a lot of pressure coming also from to
feel from people a particularly people working in latin America
. And I think my country Guatemala and was a
program was really instrumental in understanding conservation as more complex
uh process than the one that people thought it was
needed for concerning uh flowers and hummingbirds where we need
to have more complex approach. And the first time
I'm glad to say that I was the first to
uh distraught when I think that this methodology was was
used in the past only for conserving biodiversity conservation targets
. Uh When I started to work in the Mayan
biosphere reserve in Guatemala. And I realized that by
law these unnatural Saar also conserves uh control features.
Uh And I had to make a first modification of
the open sent. So that was a creative evolution
. So we developed for the first time partner document
which are there guidelines for addressing uh well being targets
in conservation projects and having the social approach? Uh
Yeah. Uh and and then we reviewed last year
uh this guidelines uh with different approaches, uh Different
lessons, a lot of lessons where there were a
lot of things that were good in the first guy
uh set of questions but there were other things that
were so we developed the second version that just was
made uh six months ago. And there is also
this um shift in the terms that we use in
the first version, it was more addressing human well
being us, okay. Which was different from the
second person that was more incorporating human well being in
our constitution, but we were other applications. Um
and co author of this uh manual for doing um
social and biodiversity assessment for reckless projects, which has
been so far used in more than 38 countries.
Uh It's based on most of the principles of the
open standards. Uh at the beginning it was meant
to be used only for redd plus projects. Uh
do you know what are red plus projects? Okay
. Uh read uh mechanism for reducing emissions caused by
the first station ecosystem degradation. Uh It's a standard
goes in the carbon market, so uh perimeter of
producer of a big carbon footprint will pay to a
project to conserve uh the forest needs to be putting
in and this is uh technically necessary uh actually is
going to reduce its um pardon Prince? Uh so
there is a there is a lot of um uh
of it's a very long process to develop these kinds
of projects. And uh a lot of uh not
a lot, but three big set of standards have
been developed in order to comply with social safeguards and
environmental safeguards. That means that planting trees is not
necessarily conserving biodiversity. You may have planting trees that
are not necessarily uh Native trees of the consistent want
to conserve uh Mhm. So it's a very complicated
process. Uh And one of the things that is
required is to do social and by the impact assessment
, just understanding what are going to be the carbon
outcomes of these projects. Um So we developed this
to help projects to do uh in a cost effective
way and very participatory way. Uh social impact assessment
. Then we realized that this approach was extremely useful
for two things. One for any other conservation initiative
and the other thing is a way to incorporate a
gender perspective into many uh conservation mission. It was
based on the indicator of community uh climate and biodiversity
alliance. Uh she and when when which requires that
these redwoods projects uh don't have to limit their social
approach on doing no harm, but they really need
to have next positive community impact as well. So
the pathologist now It has been now been applied in
more than 38 countries and we are still counting uh
more and more applications not just for redd plus projects
but also for um other conservation initiatives. Um Mhm
. So uh this man uh what about gen uh
so I'm going to share with you how using these
two approaches. S. P. A. And
the balkan Sanders. I have managed to include a
general uh perspective and I realized that uh five things
have been very important for me to consider. And
one of the things my lady and I were talking
is that many uh conservation projects don't approach. I
don't have a gender approach because they all think that
for gender approach we need a gender experts and we
consider that this gender experts usually needs to be a
woman as opposed of all conservation planners. Having the
sensitivity to include the gender perspective into their projects and
doing it as a mandatory topic uh in every constitution
initiative as other important topics that we need to consider
nowadays climate change. So we need to have these
five uh important conditions when of course is a cultural
and gender sensitivity. The other one is I think
the right method, logical approach and maybe I'm going
to step back with this bullet point and saying that
it's not just having to adequate for the right mythological
approach is to know how we can use and how
we can incorporate within business political approach. Uh generation
. Then this is an extremely important aspect having good
facilitation skills and team a good selection of participants in
all the planning processes, but also in the implementation
phase of the conservation projects and the focus on change
, particularly on social change. Okay. And I
just like the five case studies that more or less
in the straight one of these uh bullet points,
all the boundaries, uh not uh that needs,
I mean all these five case studies have taught me
something about these five bullet points. Mm hmm.
Okay. Dutra and gender sensitivity. I choose the
Masai mara conservation project. That was well, it
was not actually in the Masai mara reserve which is
very famous for the people who love discovery channel and
those kind of things. You may know what is
the Masai mara but the masai mara is a much
larger landscape that just uh what the actual reserve actually
including kenya, only one third of the big mara
landscape is uh is the reserve, The rest is
outside the reserve and it's as rich in uh megafauna
and biodiversity as what it is in the reserve.
And I should say most of the conservancies that are
surrounding and the Masai mara reserve are much more um
mhm well conserved and a better managed than to actually
, but the system is much larger but because in
kenya we only have Uh 1/4 of this landscape,
three ft are in the Serengeti which is the other
side of the border in Tanzanian. Mm where when
I did my first assessment of this landscape about what
were the conservation needs? I figure out that its
overall cultural landscape, uh it's a cultural and sit
with a lot of megaphone, it's sort of a
cultural landscape with a sample of biodiversity, but it's
a landscape where people is extremely important. And then
I got this must say old man who sent me
that. We need to understand that the masai mara
has always been a free running space for wildlife,
livestock and people and that was for me a very
good lesson and a very good starting point for thinking
how we should approach biodiversity conservation here. So these
are pictures of the Maasai mara, I have to
say that the nice pictures are uh Daniel Hernandez who's
here and the bad pictures of uh of my own
uh huh. So it has to start thinking that
this is a controller. So we have website people
, but we also have the culture and diagrams and
before aspects are really uh interdependent. There are a
lot of common prospecting issues and challenges across these uh
for aspects but also a lot of common and shared
solutions that can be uh used for these components.
Uh And we have for kind of stakeholders for types
of stakeholders that we need to put together and reach
agreement how this conservation needed uh to be undertaken.
So there were local communities, the local government,
the engineers and the tourism industry. Um and we
need to understand also the role of women in shaping
attacks. Mhm. So this is a summary of
what we can uh very complex strategies. Uh This
is a methodology for designing uh controversial strategies change.
I don't want to go very deep into that,
but it allows people to really be creative and provide
the rich input in developing white and uh for me
to follow some rules. Uh and people can provide
their inputs and developed a series of changes we want
to achieve uh with oriental countries. So this uh
yeah, green bubbles are the conservation targets Um in
this rig uh bubbles we had the masai culture because
we consider it an important feature at its currently being
graded by many factors. Um So we wanted to
approach in as an ecosystem or a special that is
integrated. But what you all understood is that it
couldn't be place at the same level of the natural
conservation target uh because it was the foundation of conservation
, I mean we really need a strong Masai culture
and we defended strong pr's of um the Massad culture
that could help us to conserve uh natural conservation targets
. And among these five pillars, we understood the
role in in transmitting the culture to my second.
Yeah, so that's the reason why we have um
it's in the middle. So it was the core
of our conservation strategy uh became a conservation target and
not and not just in this condition for a very
diversity conservation. So we had some indicators of how
well the my cell culture it's been conserved. Understanding
that's where that it has its own dynamics. Uh
uh we uh defender or uh in good right conservation
paid by a woman um mm under a dress in
natural conservation uh once um aspect that is very important
. Uh is that woman in uh in the masai
mara since they are semi nomadic culture, they are
the ones who build the houses. Uh So it's
very uh has someone been the Masai mara houses are
I'm not very tall. Uh for me there may
be they're not at all because there are uh women
are the ones who uh be the houses and they
would and each time um they need to go to
work longer for I don't know what they need for
present houses. So that was one of the many
aspects we considered in this project. Okay. About
the methodological approach here, we use uh social impact
assessment uh methodology which as I mentioned derives from the
open standards and that was for the project is design
for red cross project plus the social and biodiversity impact
assessment. Uh This is a community based initiative to
evade increasing threats uh community forest, which in Mexico
is called hidden uh way of organizing land tenure that
comes from the um from the revolution. Yeah,
so we uh we use this adaptation of the open
standards and into the uh social by the impact assessment
methodology. Uh but we adapted the terminology to be
more, let's say community friendly. So there are
terms that we or use generic thing uh across many
projects like conceptual model. Uh That is uh it's
very difficult even for me it's very difficult to understand
what the conceptual mother is about with use a lot
of terminology, adaptations to increased participation and understanding of
the process and the steps of the process. Yes
, so the workshop included took a cappuccino members and
leaders. Okay. Um and we uh created a
partnership with a local NGO uh cash, uh look
at uh state of Mexico and we focus our work
on defined social positive impacts of this realm of structure
. Yeah, so we were with the theory of
change approach, but theory of change was a very
complicated terms, so we'd rather uh grantee they predicted
big project idea what is what we want to achieve
. Uh and this is going to be very important
. And I mentioned this really need a condition.
We uh it's very important to make controversial planning attitude
. Foreign defined what changes we want to achieve.
Um so we had some important considerations. Human participation
was strongly encouraged as a required condition for the workshop
. This was a workshop that we did on demand
of this community. Uh and the planning processes was
broken in three workshops to avoid confetti and encourage participation
. It's very difficult to do uh community based planning
processes because people are often very busy and we need
to adapt. So when possibilities to break the process
into different workshops and meetings or working after hours trying
to respect the time of the people. Um so
when best practice we use here is that we uh
each exercise, Each step was perceived by a real
example from the day to day life, for instance
, it's more it's much more easier, easier to
understand. Uh what are the problems on specific target
we want to achieve if we take that example from
the real life and as far as we could be
trying to use examples from oh gender approach from a
woman approach for instance, white skirt. Uh and
we developed a conceptual model, white families burn.
And then we developed a solution. And what we
should do for tomorrow is not a burden uh or
why there's flash in the streets and we live up
the phone and she said why there is trash in
the streets and what Changes we got 13. So
the complexity complexity of his exercise was reduced. Uh
Everyone one could participate, then jumped into the a
tra project and something that was very important is that
each outcome was shared with the other groups or different
working groups and celebrated so we compare it and people
were really proud to see the results of the work
. And I think this is really important. So
some lessons learned um is that complex methodologies can be
adapted to finish circumstances uh, in two different control
context to the use of simple examples are key for
encouraging participation and author of planning process could be broken
in different sessions so that we have uh so here
we understood that well, five important components were encouraging
the participation in the workshops. One is a good
design, good facilitation, having fun. So we
had a lot of uh, it's very difficult for
people who do active work in the field or in
the kitchen or wherever they work to stay, remain
seated for eight hours. Um, rewarding participation and
promote ownership of the process and outlets. Yeah,
So good facilitation skills and uh 19 uh, this
is a case of what I'm going to go quicker
now. Uh, this is a small reserve in
eastern Drc, in the province of North kivu.
Uh Putin Russia. We don't know it as well
in one Canyon, which this community that had a
very tragic history. Um Okay, the community uh
then process was responsible by the institute. So this
is a P. R. C. And when
kelly is just this small red adult, sorry,
this is eastern drc. This is the scope of
the larger conservation. So you can uh Aruba is
a community based conservation project in the world Character Pretorius
and mentioned. Uh The plan is a subset.
We work at different states of the great ape conservation
plan. For Eastern Drc is a pilot project for
other territories within Eastern drc. Uh The recently RC
Conservation X. Plan scope. Actually, we're going
to replicate that plan in china, another community.
Uh We use open Sanders uh again with an adaptation
in methodology uh and using a translation into certain,
So this is the uh Open Sanders Win translated into
Swahili, uh Western Swahili, which is different to
Eastern. Um so the innovation here that we train
local facilitators and we try as much as we could
to include women as uh facilitators. Um so he
training has a very strong gender approach in balancing men
and women, but also in trying to Uh make
women participate. Uh only 1/4 of participants were women
. But still this is a success in the DRC
complex where women participated. Important consideration. We try
to work on small groups to encourage participation, particularly
uh women participation and child participants. With a clear
rules of the game since no one could speak twice
if we haven't had other participants. Oh, had
something. Uh the discussions were mostly in, so
he uh not in french because women are more friends
. And so he uh and the consensus of every
group was needed to go to the other to the
following set. Some concerns uh will perspective uh provided
a new approach in both the viability analysis for conservation
targets uh and the threat analysis. Uh woman yes
participation. We understood it's going to be taken as
a process that needs to of course uh started as
soon as possible, but we can expect that we
can have 50% of participants. Uh women in workshops
. It's really a culture that needs to be created
uh but uh one of the positive aspects um isn't
you are seeing is a very uh um it has
a project history, there are a lot of rebels
and violence uh but women participation was key here in
community building. Um So people could understood how they
work a community with women participation and how they could
uh rich in a more effective way working with women
just doing uh maintains uh women were empowered, that
we're very proud of the role and inputs, they
took ownership of the process and outcomes. Uh Men
realize the value added of having the women's approach and
participation and as I mentioned but should unify different perspective
which are often uh antagonistic in Eastern Democratic Republic of
folk, so this is about the right um participant
selection, this is uh email project in Zanzibar,
we use the social and very diversity impact assessment methodology
. Uh It's a red project for both islands in
the uh Zanzibar archipelago, uh Zanzibar Pemba. Uh
Mhm We have a relatively small number of participants,
so here we um emphasize on quality of equality Over
quantity 1/3 of participants were women. Uh Good thing
here that were very empowered communities, uh and some
ultra important aspect that it was mostly muslim uh participants
. So at the beginning I thought women were going
to be shot or silence but they were extremely empowered
women. Um mm um they had a strong participation
which allowed us to raise the gender topic through the
very beginning of the pending process. So that was
tradition for the project where we included a woman theory
, the statement and then women and gender issues were
considered as an important target for this project. It
was selected one after 3 focal issues. Uh We
focus on uh the aspect that would focus on the
strategy development uh and also in the risk and negative
impact assessments. Since you mentioned as I mentioned this
. Uh some of the outcomes we developed during the
workshop. Uh woman was really a cross cutting uh
topic uh in every single product developed here in the
conceptual model and of course the negative impacts and other
strategy lessons learned with selection of participants can balance with
american minority when you have uh only a few women
attending worship. We rather need uh to focus on
the quality of the uh participate. Um Yeah we
develop a specific gender analysis so that improved greatly are
than process provided input for their other analysis and the
negative impact risk analysis was a very good way to
incorporate the gender approach. Finally, very quickly,
uh This is the focus on change. This is
working with the civil indigenous people in cauca in brazil
. Uh This is uh an amazon indigenous community.
Uh We developed the project design and monitoring plan for
the project. Uh It's a community based initiative,
Indigenous lands amazon. The story is very, very
empowered community. There were 6500 uh individuals in 1968
when they were discovered by Westerners. And then because
of conflicts and uh s s population dropped in 10
years to uh 1600. Uh So now there are
very progressive community and very active in protecting and conservative
the forest that sustains or like vehicles. So this
is their education center in their community. Uh He
worked a strong theory of change. Mhm. Uh
The the conclusion here for uh similar participants that we
understood that conservation projects are about making positive changes and
not only implemented. And this was wonderful for us
to develop our monetary plan, which was was based
on this positive changes to achieve in social aspects,
but also in my life. So if you ask
me what is a theory of change is really the
big assumption of the project. What are the changes
that you want to achieve? I can explain this
further, um how we're going to have a final
eat but through uh a collection, a sequence of
positive results, uh it's an approach that is increasing
in use by many ngos and the project as well
. Uh so we focus on impacts, outcomes,
outputs, activities and inputs. And the video of
change is all this. She can expand. So
just some final reflections. Um the first one for
me is that gender should not be considered as a
standard on topic or separate expertise if you want to
embrace AIDS in conservation initiatives, we really all need
to have some literacy how to include the gender aspect
in our work. Um is the same that that
uh for other important topics that we need to consider
nowadays, climate change. Uh so now we need
to use our method, method vehicle purchase to include
these aspects, the open standards, mythological approach,
even if it has been conceived as, but only
by the biodiversity conservation methodology. It it's flexible enough
and has a lot of entry points for including the
gender aspect once again. And there is not only
about participation, but there's something you need to incorporate
another perspective into our conservation work. Number counts,
but highly high quality women participation is much more instruments
than in addressing gender issues. Uh and gender information
Office a good opportunity to build community, particularly in
cost conflict, uh landscapes and focusing on specific outcomes
and changes we want to achieve really offers an opportunity
to understand and foresee the financial impact and changes.
Yeah. Okay. Thank you very much. Uh
I open to question some discussion. Mhm. So
I want to say since actually for some of you
who are here from classes, your time is up
. So I just want to say thank you all
for coming and we will be sending a short survey
, everybody who signed up and if you did sign
up please sign an opinion. It's really important for
us to get your feedback. That allows us to
get funding for different organizations and apartments on campus to
bring some outside speakers. So and thank you for
joining us at Fedex people after and we do have
room for another half an hour, so whoever wants
sleep, please go ahead. Don't worry about interrupting
and then whoever wants to say we can have conversations
. So thank you for coming. Thank you.
I really what I would love to have a discussion
with you and not only questions but also suggestions.
Uh everyone to work this uh friendly discussion by which
I can from us with for me, for me
or something of what's worse is that anybody question?
All right. Yeah. Can you explain what you
meant by high quality disciplines just uncleared up? Mhm
. The specifications that would create a high quality,
why would preparation is a key aspect of every uh
workshop we do and one of the aspects that is
important in uh in that preparation is knowing who is
going to attend. Um And there are a lot
of requirements from many donors to include women and women
because we need to recruit them and not because we
want to get their input. So this is a
very diligent situation because of course we want to have
women in the motion but we want overall to have
a good thing for women. Um So it's very
important to understand who could be the uh how you
can organise your work in terms of who is going
to attend. Uh Who are the women who can
provide much more important I suppose of women that are
just invited to the workshop for like checking the requirement
of having more human participants and not necessarily having there
are english in the process. Uh, I've been
in many cases where women stay there that uh use
of time, there was a time their shine,
they don't participate enough. In many cases it's very
different even for men, there are a lot of
men who come and I'm not very active the auction
. So when you can have the luxury of knowing
who Canada and and selecting in that place, the
person who can provide much better in Tanzania where we
unidentified extremely in Mexico that was as well or identified
very, very strong female leaders that really balance with
the participation. So there were a lot of men
, but the words who made further points and who
I would say by us have much positive influence in
the process for women because they had really personal uh
capacity to really make your points clear and support your
points. Um and this is what I call the
higher quality participation. Yeah. Yes. Of this
group. Keep on going on that same time.
How did you deal with intergenerational relations? Especially like
you have between Yeah, audience. Yeah, speaking
in the same. Uh huh. It's a young
group hopefully. And having a memory. Yeah,
that's that's a good question. And I always uh
when I review the list of participants, uh but
most of the time I house in central America and
everything is a participant of the worship that is going
to be held in Madagascar. So I tried to
uh to know exactly what is the rage in order
to have more our age, uh diversity in a
greater age diversity in the participants as much as as
I can. I was telling. Uh the opposite
case was before everything started to mess up in the
Iraqi Pakistan. I worked with the university of the
hug and and most soon in doing the first portfolio
of conservation areas for the uh Iraqi Kurdistan. And
I was so surprised that all besides when we're men
And all decides one were over 65 year old.
That was the adoption. Of course, I understood
the situation because critical mass was completely uh a race
during um Hussein regime. So the new young generation
wasn't yet prepared to go to this kind of firms
. Uh so we already have uh men from 60
65 HR or order in that portion. Uh and
of course for other access to education, most of
them where I'm muslim. Yes. How do you
find that faster environment that is inviting and comfortable for
women in a sense for them to express themselves in
certain ways where it may not be typical in that
culture? And have you seen that have a moment
on your own teams? What what do you think
that? I don't know if it depends a situation
, I mean it's not, I don't have a
solution that fits all. Um But something that we
have learned is again preparation is key. Uh So
also to understand up to where you can go,
that was one of the cases in uh in uh
Eastern drc. You already know that you won't have
50 of human participants. That's a given. And
it's really unrealistic to have 50 of uh participants because
of many reasons because they have fought to do because
they are not used to go because they consider already
that even if they speak up they won't be hurt
. Uh So there are many reasons. So Good
selection of people who are attending the workshop is 1
1st step. But then you can if woman and
very good leader of senior leaders can attend, you
can in fact that to facilitate the auction to use
their own language. And then there are many situations
that you can use. For instance in your sick
, women were more comfortable, we're comfortable to work
with things um that were muslim men. So the
working groups were like three men by one woman uh
and the way they felt comfortable with that and they
managed to raise their points in the room of um
Watership uh opened. And this we developed a workshop
where people women asked to have their own so they
worked together. So we had a group of women
. and since we review with our participants, uh
, outcomes that are developed by other groups, then
they could coordinate with the gender perspective, the other
outcomes of the other. So it's, it's not
, I think creativity is a keyword when you design
workshops and want to build a stronger nation. Okay
. 123. Uh, have a question that relates
to a lot of things which are happening. So
we have major investments made next 1 5 years every
investigation what is global system science and this. It's
hilarious. Part of what we can do is hire
awesome seven. Seriously? So if you had an
idea list of perfect individuals faculty so they will what
to do. I'm curious as to wasn't combinations of
skills, the whole thing. You can do it
very yes. Uh huh. Sources conservation or you
could look for candidates in the interface. And I
was curious as to how you're the highest into fine
faculty to do. Okay. I'm not sure if
I truly understand uh, your question. Um,
but certainly I'm strongly uh, interested in origin with
people who have More than two disciplines in the back
. I think that even if it's mathematics and classic
literature, having to the disciplines opens a lot your
perspective of the world. Um, I try to
never work with monolingual individuals. I think in monolingual
car sour are one of the american geographers said being
a PhD, the PhD and monolingual is a contradiction
of terms because we limit our knowledge to what is
uh, conveniently available. Uh, and I think
he's right. I think having another language in your
background and this is an encouragement for students. It
really opens a huge perspective and uh, you and
they need to kill capacity and understanding of the world
. So I think if I need to hire someone
to help me out, I would choose, I
would be biased by people who have at least two
disciplines and at least to language. Yes. Uh
sorry, uh you mentioned the educators and the office
Sanders. And so what considerations do you take when
developing those indicators are collecting data and analyzing this?
And how do you make sure that this is not
just a mechanical activity, but that really informs your
decision, especially if you go into the second.
Yeah. And this is the hard part in in
in that way. Um I always ask that anything's
when we finished a workshop to schedule the first review
, uh because that forces people first to work out
. So your plan is not going to be a
nice frosty paper document, it's going to be,
I don't care if people don't even managed to print
their plants because what is important to me is implementation
and when I'm asked what, how would you define
a good plan and said, what we've done is
someone that uh so if you can go through implementation
as good as possible and to measure as quick as
possible the results trying to scandal the next review meeting
in a year of eight months or two years from
the momentum finisher because people forced to start implementing as
soon as possible and then to start measuring the results
because they need to have something to provide them so
don't um don't uh business the value of adding pressure
to people who are going to and to show what
they have implemented and invest. Mhm Thanks john very
well. I'm really ever to see the open standards
talked about that might use them in the project myself
. My question is I've seen these what comes out
to be really great projects, but it also depends
on a few factors I want to get your ideas
on where are the success that you mentioned languages,
the stable um What about facilitation? Is it a
one off workshop in your experience or is it you
kind of have to keep trying over weeks or months
? And also do those participants have to have previous
experience in at least? I've read open standards.
Yeah. Or can you really do it? Just
, let's say, a facilitator? Uh huh.
Preaching with the same steps into it. Yeah.
Mhm. Really, the open standards is difficult,
particularly if you want to uh work at community levels
and you need to have some some adaptations. Actually
, I have several adaptations because I've used uh open
centers in different cultural settings and very diversities. I
have had workshops where I have almost illiterate people and
people doing their post doc in the same. Okay
, so I think facilitation and and I was in
my personal case, I always for forced myself to
to improve and always having a way I can get
some. But you can also like for instance,
I always do a the evaluation of what was the
good things of that the workshop and what could be
improved the next day. I always try how much
they learn its day, how they are feeling.
Uh And a lot of things you can not just
improved facilitation skills, but also now how your facilitation
skills are keeping the good mood in during the workshops
. And this happens in every single workshop, not
just in community based workshops, but also more academic
, let's say, workshops. Um The other aspects
is how I uh translate and transmit the open standards
approach um in many cases, particularly in community based
conservation, I try to prepare local facilitators, uh
adaptive technology, so we have done this several effects
, so maybe in the plan it's going to be
uh the generic term, but during the workshops we're
going to use a term that is more understandable for
for people. Uh For instance, uh the conceptual
model uh was called the spider of problems in uh
follicle and in uh Mexico I don't remember, it
was full of the problems which is a bunch of
problems. Um So uh what I do is to
this method is really adaptable and flexible and every day
I'm more surprised how flexible you are and then you
can fix the pieces to what you need to have
. Uh But in terms of the workshops itself,
I mean, it allows you to have a lot
of terminology, adaptation, step adaptation, uh Do
you think uh local people to facilitate working groups and
eventually to explain as aspects of the open standards?
It's really key, but of course this needs a
lot of preparation. I would say preparation is the
key of a workshop success. And often I usually
take what, three days of preparation for one day
of fortune. This is my my three days of
preparation with two days of personnel preparation or preparation with
stakeholders for each day of the election. And this
is it's really mathematical. I say, okay,
this is going to be a today worship, I
already know that besides everything I need to do.
Uh Just preparing to worship is going to take me
nine dates, um translating materials, making, choosing
the good terminology, choosing the good participants. Um
There are a number of things that Yeah, and
and of course also adapting the methodology of what for
people make sense, which is another important aspect.
You're not doing a plan for pleasing the ceo of
WWF of Energy Conservancy, you developing a plan that
has mentioned, you want to be implemented, that
is going to be there uh, guiding to four
, undertaking controversial activities. And so it's very important
for them to understand what it's going to be at
the end of the day in Japan. This one
, I'm afraid we actually have to stop because we
have to get out of the room in six minutes
and get all the bagels and coffee on. But
thank you, Thank you all for staying for the
discussion. Thank you.