[Music]
[Katy Börner] Good morning everyone. So I wanted to know who's actually in the room, because
I have different ways to run these slides. I can make them relevant for
librarians. How many of the librarians do we have here?
All right, about 10-12. I can make them relevant for cartographers. How many do
we have? One. All right, what about information visualization, scientific
visualization, computer science, information science?
All right, so that's maybe quite a number, 20, 30. Engineering? Six, seven. What did we miss?
[Audience] Economics.
[Katy Börner] Very good, very relevant even though typically economics works on a
lot of text and with standard data visualizations, statistical data
visualizations, so we work very closely with the NBER and it's interesting to see
the difference in the people I have on my team and the people they have on
their teams. What else do we have- management, anyone? I'm sorry-
[Audience] Journalism.
[Katy Börner] Journalism, very relevant. Alberto Cairo at the University of Miami does some
really cool MOOCs.
[Audience] Geosciences
[Katy Börner] Very relevant also because you do a lot of
maps to help people understand what kind of sediments are where and minerals, etc.
There was another hand?
[Audience] Art and design
[Katy Börner] Wonderful so that's exactly what we are trying to do
also to bring scientists and often humanities scholars but also designers
together those that they can use these data visualizations more effectively to
communicate to each other because there's these two main ways to
communicate across a discipline or disciplinary boundaries we had this over
breakfast also but they are formulas which would work and there are visuals.
As soon as you use words it's very hard to actually communicate across disciplinary boundaries.
Ultimately... what else is there,
any one more which wants to reveal where they're coming from?
[Audience] Computer music
[Katy Börner] Alright, so with the interactive data visualizations as you know 90% of the
experience will be the sound, it will not be the visuals. So we started a little
bit to communicate and collaborate with Norbert Herber for
instance at Indiana University. He does a lot of cool sound design but we need
more of this, definitely. Alright so I think you're here for seeing things not
for necessarily hearing so much um but I thought I get a better feel of the room
if I just ask you what kind of perspective you have on all of that.
So this exhibit has now been in existence since 13 years and yes
Michael was there at the very beginning of it all when some colleagues and I got
together over breakfast so breakfasts are really important in
science to help us all understand how we can get these maps of science of our
collective scholarly knowledge out of national labs and out of journal papers
to a much larger audience get them into libraries gets them into science museums
get them to people which actually need better data driven decision advice and
ultimately we decided to just bring them to just frame them and hang them and you
will see some of the initial versions very soon
we were very much inspired from John after spectrans work on showing how to
very beautiful our builders by having this book and many others like it with
photographs kind of from 10,000 feet to instill in people a desire to preserve
what we have but also to understand more how our planet lifts and graces and
hopefully survives all of this and was a big question then became how can we
communicate the beauty and structural dynamics of Science and Technology and
education and innovation to a very general audience where many people see
science as something very abstract very nebulous which say never kind of
fell in love is maybe ultimately but we want them to him
and so as some of the very first visualizations like here for instance
the structure of science back in 2005 this was the most comprehensive map of
science ever created using here web of science data and showing how the
different areas of Sciences are organized in a ring-shaped fashion and
one of the very first and SF mandates was actually to support the ring of
science and you won't see it on the 72 DPI screen here that's why we have C's
300 dpi of printouts over behind these walls so that you actually get to read
the titles but here maybe that's just a mnemonic device to guide you to the
right map over there but what you will see here is that science is laid out
according to how scientific papers cite each other with those which side each
other often more closer and space and then this is rotation and mirroring
independent so here you now can rotate and mirror the map see layout of the
structure any which way and it was decided by those map makers Kevin Moya
can declare events that mathematics as the purest sciences on the top and as
you go down the ring of science you would first go to physics and chemistry
and to buy all biology sent to immunology medical treatments over to
neuroscience and psychology and economics
it says in appendix two law and then biostatistics going back to mass
computer science is right underneath mass and if you bring in proceedings
data as that area is going to expand if you have now a base map of science you
can overlay other datasets such as data on nanotechnology or pharmacogenomics
and you will see where this kind of research is conducted at the meeting of
the geographers in Denver Colorado in April 20 2005 we had for the very first
time these maps on display meets and framed and ultimately we transported
them using the kind of devices so it was all very much
an effort of love and it wasn't really interesting to see people come here
geographers cartographers and really see for the very first time science itself
being portrait and mapped then be needed to ship these maps around so this is my
ex and very small office I actually had to climb over that box to get to my desk
because typically faculty offices are not made for hosting exhibit crates and
still it was wonderful to see that exhibit go to all kinds of different
places and finally it is now actually on permanent display at the National
Science Foundation so you will still see these very initial maps at the National
Science Foundation building and they are now moving in a new building so let's
see if they move them as well going forward we had more and more interactive
displays so here we are collaborating with our advanced visualization lab on a
set of a half a map of the world and a map of science and a touch panel and you
can select any area in the map of savate to see highlight what kind of research
is conducted in that geospatial area and similarly you can select any scientific
area to see on the geospatial map where that particular type of research is
conducted and you can also search for your name because that's what people
want to do especially if they have papers in MEDLINE which power sisters
play ultimately see map now comes in big big crates so the venues that have been
welcoming the exhibit they get to know people they never knew existed they now
know about loading deck heights etcetera because these are physical objects that
have to be moved every year there is a call for maps and we get submissions
from around the world and then the ten best maps are selected and they are
fabricated ultimately after a long translation process from something that
worked for experts to something that can grabs the attention of people in a
science museum where you have cute fuzzy animals in one corner and Rockets
blasting off in the other corner and in the middle are these maps of our
collective knowledge so you have to be pretty interesting to compete with the
other elements on the museum floor and then these maps get put in big crates
and Michael was one of the many which were involved in that kind of work and
then they get shipped to different places so here is the display at the at
Stanford University of media X and the exhibit has been traveling in trains and
trains a wonderful way to bring the exhibit to many many places in little
time you have to make kind of sure that everything in your train is similarly
interesting because otherwise you create bottlenecks if something is too
interesting people just get stuck in there and then nobody can go anymore but
in general you would go in at the back in this case and then come out in the
front and again it's just a great way to get to many places
some of the elements have also been in display at samir icon in tokyo japan
this is an installation of different time zones and more and more museums and
libraries have been embracing the exhibit this is the beautiful space
that's in North Carolina you know the library so they have the immersion
theater as they call it and you can actually pick your favorite map you can
read about it you can search for specific maps the exhibit works because
we have ambassadors all around the globe which have local copies of the exhibit
oftentimes in poster format some in framed formats and so if you are going
to a certain place and you would like the exhibit to be at that event or if
you know somebody has an anniversary coming up in Beijing you probably have
somebody's there who can bring the exhibit to you in this way the exhibit
connects some of the most interesting people around the globe because they all
get to enjoy these maps together and get to act their own we recently had it
at Northwestern University also so here you see a very beautiful library setting
was one of these big crates in the middle so it is quite a challenge to
make this all work so thanks to all those of you here which were involved in
bringing it here and really having the maps on display this way this is an
enormous effort and thank you for doing that for all of us some centers and
national labs have the exhibit on display and here at CCD see a number of
symposia where run and all kinds of other events happened and CDC as you
know has a lot of maps of Health and though they actually added them to the
exhibit and that's really what the exhibit is best at it I always compare
to a Stone Soup where the stone is the exhibit itself and we bring the exhibit
to you but then all of you and at potatoes and carrots and maybe meat or
tofu whatever you prefer and ultimately we extract that stone but you still have
such community of people which care deeply about using data visualizations
to make a difference to give people the ability to read and write not only text
but also read and write data in this case and it's really about not only
having them read data but about having them make data visualizations and that's
also very microscopes come into play so these are just different setups but
let's go over two of the maps themselves and hopefully you can see them a little
bit here but again you have some in higher resolution right behind me so the
first ten years of the exhibit was all about maps and maps are easy because you
can just show them you can roll them up if the unrolled and it'll still be the
same people are very comfortable with paper they're less comfortable with
interactive data visualizations and so in the very first year we wanted to
communicate the power of maps and we always had for existing maps compared
and contrasted with six maps of science maps of technology
education other areas and so as we know photographic maps have helped many to
find back home to avoid monsters to just get a better more global understanding
of our world of our one world we have and as you also know first maps we're
not perfectly correct they are typically showcasing those
which paid for them in the middle surrounded by the most gorgeous
environments including woman and ultimately they evolved and something
that became more and more detailed short see spots where the monsters are my
theater beautiful monsters on this particular map and they also helped us
all understand how we evolved to a map and chopped and ultimately navigate and
manage land the early map makers were very very honest if they did not know
how to complete for instance the outer shapes of Australia they just didn't
complete them they left them blank I wish that today's map makers would be
equally honest some are California here on this map still rendered as an island
and it will remain an island because many map makers copied from each other
and ultimately these maps this is the kind of state of the art I would argue
that we have today in science map making because we don't have perfect data yet
and also we are still developing algorithms and approaches and ultimately
this visual languages to render science in an effective way for large audience
so just like cartographer cartographers events through different learning
processes different processes of how to encode mountains and rivers etc we have
to go through the same process for science map making but hopefully we are
a lot of fast them so how might science maps are very
abstract spaces look like well I let me start with a very concrete maps this is
a map by Keith Nesbit and he had a very hard time to communicate to his advisor
exactly what he wanted to do in his ph.d and so he tried it many times and then
at the end he just couldn't find a way to communicate it to him him and so he
gave up and went to the next big town and there he saw a software map and he
realized that he can represent all the many different trains of thought which
were running through his PhD thesis as a subway map and he also knew where kind
of the different stops oven you can get from one subway line to the other one
etc and he came back to his advisor presenting him this subway map and Peter
eats his advisor at the University of Sydney is a big fan of subway maps and
so that totally worked for him and dr. Keith Nesbit as then used this
particular map in his Caesars as a kind of table of content so you actually can
see it's the different lines as the different chapters this is a different
map rendered by a cartographer Andre scoopin he used ten years of abstract
submitted to AAG to render a map of all the many topics that Katoch refers care
about so you see they - migration studies and they care about GIS and
health and immigration and water and woman it's all stemmed so then you have
seas mountains which represent coherent areas of research so underneath each
mountain is a set of abstracts which is very similar to each other and then
there's this valley and the valley is a set of abstracts which is very different
from each other and typically becomes a sissy valley of za lost and confused
or is it the area where the sediments of the surrounding air / mountains actually
provide a very fertile very innovative very fruitful research environment and
so what you should do is to add in the next 10 years of data which you now can
do up to 2015 and see what happened to these people in those valley areas that
they create their own mountain did they move up the mountains where are they
today maybe they just created new landscapes and and how did the rest of
the landscape change and tree scooping was also very smart to use this map as a
base map for his job talks so then he wanted a new academic job he went to the
cartography departments and he mapped the expertise of all the faculty members
in that department and there was always a space in the middle where his
expertise was actually very valuable and that totally worked for him so that's
another way of using these maps second year and I might have to speed this up
because what I really want to do is to show you see set of microscopes because
those are the interactive data visualizations but just to give you an
understanding of what the maps can do for you the second iteration of the
exhibit was all on reference systems so as you know many many sciences have
battled extensive battles of how to organize their data their methods
approaches results there are many many different attempts to bring order to the
visual to the chemical elements and this is the one which we now know so what
kind of reference systems would be valuable from plotting science which is
a very very high dimensional very complex space and how many dimensions do
you actually need so one attempt is to just use time going from left to right
and here you have a so-called historiography in our field
rendered by hand originally and then we reproduced it here and what it shows is
all the works that led up to the discovery of cDNA structure and all the
works at sites this seminal paper going forward in time and if you then ask a
science historian to confirm or disconfirm what you see here then you
will hear something like well everything that's captured in the literature see
citation linkages see collaboration links potentially also linguistic
analysis of texts that you can map here but all the love and hate rips that's
also going on in science you won't necessarily get from this except you see
areas of research which are very similar to each other going forward but they
never cite each other so that might be an indicator that there are two rivaling
teams working on a similar topic you could also take four volumes on the
history of science and plot them in a kind of clockwise circle and so here
from 12 to 3 o'clock you have the first volume and then 3 to 6 to second and 3 6
to 9 and the third etcetera so you create a semantic space in the middle
and you can then take words that occur in any of these four thick volumes on
the history of science and this was retrieved from Project Gutenberg so
that's all open free data and you can put it where at most connects to the
text which actually if you would zoom in you could read those four books and
those words which occurs throughout the history of science they would end up in
the middle and so you will see proof and fact and data and so on in the middle
but then in the beginning of science you actually had more on kind of philosophy
and astronomy later you have had more on physics then more and more other
medicine and so on so those areas are filled with words that are specific to
the development of itself and the nice piece about it is
actually this map rooks on different levels so if you fall away you will see
kind of a land of wisdom a land of knowledge with some white mountaintops
which all these words which then connect throughout the evolution of science but
then if you get closer you get to see place names you get to see names of
people which we're the leading researchers at their respective times
and so you actually really drawn in vistas map to a closer reading in the
third year we looked at the power of forecasts and again some of you might be
very familiar with sysop seismic hazard maps for instance which show what
dangers exists in what areas and they actually impact building standards etc
and some countries like for instance Japan they have sensors all over their
grounds and then there are countries which are rendered in dark here like
some areas in Africa there's almost no data so just like you see here a
different coverage and quality of data sets
this is very relevant and very similar also to see different areas of science
so some continents on the map of science they have a lot of data physics for
instance and biology and then there are some areas where we have very very
little data or it's just now becoming available like google books made a
difference you have to trust data made a huge difference in mapping some of the
arts and humanities here you have the impact of air travel on global spread of
infectious diseases as you know in former times diseases spread as fast as
one person could go in a day walk go on on a horse or carriage and Sarah today
news and epidemics and ideas and innovations spread via the airline
traffic network so they arrive and they depart from urban centers and depart and
and or there and that gives it a very very
different spreading behavior also makes it more likely that more people get
affected and infected in this particular case just like epidemics spread
differently depending on when they start and where they start ideas spread very
similarly faster or less fast depending on when they are injected into the
conscious stream of social media for instance one of my colleagues at Indiana
University he does speed dating research and typically it's research or speed
dating but it's also some real speed dating and he always brings out these
amazing papers right before Valentine's Day and that gives it of course a huge
spreading ability if you put it out right before Christmas not such a great
idea
similar also some ideas are more infectious than others just like some
diseases and it turns out that most ideas you need multiple times of contact
before you actually adopt and makes it some your own start spreading them so we
can learn a lot from the models that have been designed by epidemiologists
for studying the spreading of ideas good and bad fake news is one of these things
that you can study this way but you can also hopefully then start optimizing the
system so that the good things spread and maybe the bad things are little
slower than that so big question can be forecast science and here you see a map
of showing a 55 0 year forecast for a client in the UK and yes it has a lot of
wild cards but it's a 50 year forecast of science and technology and it was
done in 2006 so that's when we got the map but it's valid still until 2055 so
if you're interested in the future this is your map
and it's done you buy um expert consulting via Delfy studies etc so
there are many teams out there which provides this kind of advice for policy
makers for other decision makers which are very interested to understand where
we are going you can also take our data and extract here for instance a map of
physics research over time using the PAC's codes to applaud all the data from
left to right so don't use packs codes at the lowest level and then packs
coates zeroes through 9 indicate different areas of physics and you get
to see how many journal publications existed your overlays the citation
network and then it's a way or they last you overlay predictions that Thomson
Reuters does regularly for who might receive the next Nobel laureate so these
little dots which you can barely see here that you can see and they print out
those are predictions of which paper might actually be awarded the next Nobel
laureate Shaw mission at Drexel University and his collaborators in a
stroke as astronomy they created a map that shows how the development of
different tools has a huge impact on our understanding of the universe so
whenever a new telescope becomes available whenever new message becomes
available our understanding of the universe improves and this interplay I
think is very understudied but it's attempted to be captured here and then
again declarants and Kevin black applying their large data holdings and
their expertise to show how the different areas of science are pushing
and pulling on each other in a five year time span and it's fascinating to see is
that science very much is a living breathing super organism which evolves
all the time and in order to keep abreast of changes and developments you
really want to have a kind of real-time map you want to come
into your office every morning and see who published in your area what funding
opportunities exists what funding was just awarded to other teams which you
might like to collaborate with what else is relevant for your work be it data
software or something else I think you need this real-time interface into a
very very complex ecosystem that's not only in the US but it's now global and
ultimately science is very very global and you need to understand what other
experts are working and starting to work in your area and ultimately you might
also like to hire the best and to attract the best students using a very
good data sets that you provide to that map then we went on to science maps for
different types of stakeholders so economic decision makers and I'm going
to really speed this up here some of you might have seen the Minard map of the
raw cotton imports so do it to the civil was this entire traffic of how much
cotton was brought in from the US changed substantially over those years
and it's just a marvelous cartographic fils of how to render data in a very
elegant way and very insightful way a map on the other side on the data
visualization a science map making site is this one which shows all the many
different scientific and technology breakthrough which there needed to get
us the video tape recorder and I don't know how many in the room now still have
a video tape recorder but this was a cool thing when I was growing up so look
at all these different events which were needed in a certain sequence to get us
that one device if you want Boeing Airplane its many more of those events
and these traces studies are ser called to understand what science technology
breakthroughs are needed to get us to a certain type of technology or tool or
device or service they are very very interesting to those
which try to understand science and technology progress policymakers they
also need to understand delays in the science systems and feedback cycles so
here you have a map that shows both it shows feedback cycles where the federal
government invests a million dollar each year in basic research in chemistry and
then chemical industry matches that was five million and or five billion sorry
and then ultimately has an industry income of ten billion which then results
in 40 billion gross and GNP and six hundred thousand jobs which then create
taxes in the amount of eight billion which again then one eighths is spent on
basic research this but the map here also shows st delays so you have four to
five years for foundational research you have and if you see that here it's down
here the C line down there I don't think you can see my mouse pointer and you
have nine to eleven years for the invention development and then the
product ization is at an additional five plus years
so with those delays even if you give somebody a lot of money if they can't
get from the idea to a product because there are substantial delays in there
and it would be wonderful if this study could be replicated in other areas of
science and technology because except for some of the very very fast areas you
will always have these kind of numbers and I don't think it goes much down even
for CRISPR or other technologies ultimately this map was submitted and
made it to Congress as the so called yellow arrow graph and I guess you know
how it was used in that hearing ultimately we tried different designs
and then agreed on on this design Missy Council for chemical research another
map is by my colleague now colleague at IU a johan ballin and I heard that he
recently visited here so you might have seen his presentation as well but it's a
click click stream map of science so you look at what papers are downloaded in a
sequence and so you might download one in physics one in astrophysics one in
arts and humanities and another one in biology and based on these click streams
you are moved those areas of science closer together which have more
connections via ZZZ click stream pathways and what you see in this map
again rotated so that mass is in the top and then as you go down the Ring of
Science you get similar almost identical layout of these disciplines as we
discussed it previously but you also get to see here in the lower right corner
you see a yellow blue map which is the same base map layout but it's color
coded as blue for hot cross sciences and as yellow for arts and humanities and
you see that the arts humanities in the Middle's it kind of holds the hardcore
sciences together when it comes to clickstream data so very very important
roles at the arts and humanities play here we had science maps for scholars
some of you might be faculty members PhD students so you need to understand also
what's going on in science and you might be familiar of is online interactive
maps such as here's a disease or map where you have see top diseases and top
dreams and how they link to each other we have a map of nanotechnology which
shows how different journals play different roles throughout the evolution
of new area of science and we have eight other maps which are also relevant for
answering question septic researchers have specifically then we had science
maps as visual interfaces to digital libraries
and so you get to see a map of scientific collaborations very very
global collaborations you might have seen a map of Facebook which looks
almost like it except that China is kind of dark because they use other systems
but it was inspired by this map of Facebook activities that the team at
science matrix then created this map we also have a map of the history of
science fiction and here again if you zoom in if you get your nose closer to
it you will see some of your favorite sci-fi books but maybe also books which
you have not seen before and again you can go online and just
zoom into them and get to a kind of understand see space of science fiction
literature this way complete with wormholes and everything but you can
also again now see it here and the earth and the exhibit there maps for kids and
that was actually the toughest review team we ever had in the history of the
exhibit because these kids say don't just not their heads they just say no I
don't understand that one and then what do you do so kids are very honest and I
think we should learn from them and hopefully many of the maps in the
exhibit are actually understandable for a large audience
so one maps that made it is a map of see manga universe and million pages of
manga drawings and organized in using image recognition techniques here
we have maps that shows all the can Academy movies how long they are how
popular they are in terms of downloads how many topic areas are covered and
it's quite amazing that one man can create so many of them by the way I was
wondering how many of you have been taking any other MOOCs out there so
these massively open online courses of hand you have you need more hands so
this is a unique way to learn it's really lifelong learning and even if you
just have an hour go to MOOC list but a MOOC central just search for your
favorite topic be it cooking be it Arduino programming be it I don't know
there are all kinds of courses out there including wonderful educational courses
and it's a fun way to learn it's it's not as it's it's more kind of in the
informal learning environment where you have to engage people you can't really
teach them but but you get them interested in a topic and then you help
them become an expert on something and we had science maps showing trends and
dynamics so here you have the mood of a nation people waking up a little grumpy
getting better after coffee and then until they get off work it doesn't get
much better but then in the evening from 6 to 9 they are doing pretty well
happiness wise and then they go to bed and it's it's all over the next day and
this kind of mooch sweeps over the nation with CSUN and it's just
fascinating to see that reflected in here Twitter activity we also had a map
on who really matters in the world so this is different Wikipedia's and
different languages and you get to see that italians care about opera seeing us
and support they france cares about politicians and so on so i think it's
actually quite interesting to see the differences in the type of living human
which are extensively captured in these different Wikipedia's ante last year was
the future of science mapping so I believe the science map makers can learn
a lot from other map makers out there this is the health map which in real
time shows who's infected where on this planet so imagine we could have maps
that shows what kind of ideas are born right now how they diffuse who is atop
things I'm writing about them getting funding on them etc the data is out
there and I think very very soon we will have sad
it also has a map of the internet with lot continents form for instance Apple
and Google and Facebook etc so that's one that you really need to see and
print there's no way to reach this year we have a map of altruism versus
government funding so what areas of human activity are funded by private
donations and which ones are funded by NSF NIH and other agencies and it's very
interesting to see where they both fund and where the difference is arm at
Indiana University we have been prototyping what we call science
forecast these are very similar to weather forecasts but instead of a
gentleman or lady explaining to you what's available bring here the lady in
red explains to you what kind of major funding has been awarded you get to zoom
in and get to enjoy an interview with somebody you get to see bursts of
activity areas that attract a lot of young new brains out of nowhere I think
you should have a look at those areas where new products come out
densification of networks in certain areas so these algorithms these datasets
exist it's a matter of really communicating it to evade large audience
that we actually now can monitor science technology developments in this way
there's a lot more background on the website but I wanted to have a little
bit of time for macro scopes but I can also break for a moment and see if there
any questions so far so so far you have seen these static
maps next I'm going to show you a little bit more about the interactive data
visualizations any questions so far so that can be a good sign or bad sign
episode yeah yeah except for NSF all installations are temporary it's really
that stone in a stone soap we bring it ideally it's not an alien object ideally
you immediately embrace it at your own data visualizations have speakers come
in for the visualization exhibit but also to see you and to interact with you
I really is at treasure hunts and other events that bring in not only people
from the University but also from the general city in town but then we take
out this exhibit and hopefully you are left with a very vibrant community so
it's not permanent but on the website you will see that the maps are now in
five map libraries around the globe so one full set of 300 maps is in Lebanon
one is at the Library of Congress one is at the University of Michigan and so on
so you can see those and you get to see the call numbers for the maps so if you
wouldn't have it here but you wanted to still explore the maps in high
resolution you could go there and see them or you could convince your
librarians to spend see ten thousand it takes to have them here as a pal
so underneath the what did you describing are different sources of
information winter have two sources whether these
have been studied to see for transcenders
what do you the species yeah yeah yeah
so ProQuest data for instance has a lot of PhD thesis data and cassadee
tsukamoto one of my colleagues at Indiana University and others also have
started to mine that data to understand if for instance very interdisciplinary
mentor teams for one PhD student are good or bad for that student
it could be that they pull him or her in all kinds of directions and it's really
hard to ever finish or it could be that these people which then managed to
finish are really the next-generation superstars so she has looked at this for
instance but we don't have any maps that shows it right now hopefully we get
microscopes at some point which use that data the Internet Archive was used for
instance at Cornell University as a way to bring together many researchers which
then all looked at sub data and studied it we have been trying to get a map on
this but have not succeeded and I see this as failure because you are right
this is an amazing data set so both know unfortunately and to be honest there are
many other data sets which we try to promote by mentioning them in the call
for maps or now Z call for microscope so that people know that we are interested
in getting maps now microscopes on those data sources all on specific algorithms
which just came up and seemed perfect for this kind of work but they are not
always succeeding so feel free to respond to a future call if you have
work on this we would love to have such feature it's these are both very very
high quality and very valuable data sources we also question in between
oh yeah wonderful project curious if your team has had discussions about the
way that visualization of knowledge also becomes a way of reinforcing what we
don't know in a nice truck in a number of these maps by the absence of Africa
and it almost takes us back to a you know late 19th century metaphor of the
Dark Continent yeah and so is this something that you're aware is part of
our business so you saw the seismic hazard map also and I mentioned that
some areas of science which just don't have any good data or not easy to get
data so even the Google books stayed at the antitrust data very few researchers
had access to that data so there are two elements one is that we would like to
have map makers from all the continents and cec conference which is only
happening every two years actually was in Durham in Africa during the times as
exhibit existed and we went there all the way that was my first trip to Africa
because we realized that people from there I would have a hard time attending
the conference otherwise still even with us having the exhibit say I'm trying to
encourage people at this very strong Research Institute in in Durham to
present or to submit didn't happen and there's only so much we can do on this
the other however more interesting and maybe more pressing need we have is to
bring the arts and humanities onto the map of scholarly efforts in Germany
vision shaft is all encompassing so as you have all these scholarly activities
captured in businesses in America and many other countries science is science
and then there the arts and humanities he believes that the map of Arts and
amenities is equally big if not larger sending map of science that's why I was
pointing out that we are very much at the beginning of mapmaking where our
maps probably look like the one where California still
Island and the outer shape of Australia is not really known this is our state of
the art because most maps accept form three maps all the maps use only and
exclusively english-speaking data and there's more written up which is an
incredibly important and valuable knowledge which is not in English and
you could argue about if it's important it's gonna be written up in English no
it's not like for instance in the Netherlands you have a lot of white
papers on how to protect areas that are basically underwater very valuable for
Katrina and other events like this but they were never translated and therefore
right now they say we are not available for thee for dealing with these
disasters so III would think that given that we have only one language typically
this can't be a good map yet but hopefully we can encourage these kind of
discussions and this is a great question thank you for asking
see submissions we get are mostly in English so maybe what we should be doing
I'm just getting this idea now is to translate the call for maps into the
different language that could work and we have map makers in at least 60
different languages which speak 60 different languages for different
reasons they might have some map submitted in as if there's only English
data but I think they're native languages would cover quite a number of
languages this is yeah I don't I don't know I mean it's a matter of some
knowing about the exhibit which more and more people do but the other part is
having the resources to submit and right now each microscopes that you see
probably is a hundred thousand dollar investment there are very few teams out
there which have so much money for the maps it was typically a PhD student for
one or two or three years and many your PhD students are out there so that was
very reasonable and then we put in resources to translate something that
works for an expert to something that works for a general audience which is
quite a bit of effort also so that's what's the X a bit added for the
macroscope it is quite an effort and again survey a few teams out there which
have these kind of resources strings me that the metaphor that you use
person who commissioned the map was in the center $100,000 yes yeah very much
so always has been the rich get rich oh yeah very much some good point yeah good
point yeah yeah that's a very good point so but but it is considerably higher
effort to submit a microscope we noticed and and also for us to serve these
microscope is higher that's why we now go over to a second decade which we kind
of committed to where every year we have four microscopes not ten platform and
take very good care of them so now you are supposed to touch right for the
microscopes you have a large touch panel and we're a synapse you were not
supposed to touch now you must touch you must have fun you
must play with the data the term of microscopes comes actually from Ross
nice book on microscopes which is coming out of the 70s oh that's not a new term
it's however a way to understand that there are microscopes and telescopes
which help us to see things which are too small or too far away and now you
have microscopes which help you to see structure and data and help you to see
things that are otherwise too fast or too vast or too complex to understand
with your human perception and cognition and so the first iteration had four
microscopes and I can demo them over their access time but I will just show
you screenshots here because I'm not connected and in the first year you had
Earth's which is beautiful how many of you have seen and explored earth
okay one alright Senya up for treat it's really beautiful Academy scope is
actually a web interface that is Etsy any PC National Academy press website
but it's now also here interactive on a large screen global society is news and
65 languages and charting culture is showing you how people traversed over
their lifetime of more than thousand years so these are famous people moving
around the globe being born and dying somewhere else so this is Earth's and
again I think we have to go over and just have fun with it
Academy scope shows you all academies reports and you can basically download
them from their rates and for free or you can order them send and paper the
mapping global society used more than a million dollar of Google's supercomputer
time to translate news from around the globe into sixty five languages and then
presents them here based on which country actually published the news and
what other countries are mentioned in that news item and so you get to see
connections around the globe based on news co-occurrence of two countries in
the second iteration we have smelly maps which i will show in a moment haughty
trust using the google books data excellence networks which come out of
max planck trying to understand say a position in the overall landscape of
science and then fleet moon explorer a beautiful animation of how many ships
are out there and where they go and those of you which ever went on a cruise
ship you probably tracked yourself through the waters of our planet and you
got to see that probably earth should have caught water because should have
been called water because there's so much of it out there but it's just very
beautifully done and it's relevant for science because a lot of the goods
come from China somehow magically to us and a lot of people they are trained and
grew up somewhere else and now we are all here
so smiley Maps is a map where you take Twitter activity here from the City of
London and you extract from it terms that are relevant for smells and then
you get to identify areas that smell good areas that's now really awful areas
that are smelling like exhaust areas that are smelling like really good food
yummy and you get to explore the smell scape as they call it off see a city of
London in some other cities some I don't think your city is currently covered but
probably you have a lot of people tweeting here as well so go over to the
microscope and explore the other visualization we have in here is the
HathiTrust digital library visualization which shows where certain books are
published and if they are published in Russians and they can be read by Russian
speaking and reading populations so they are connected then to countries which
have a lot of population speaks that language and this way you get these
linkages and it's interesting to kind of you see it times sliders and select
different time periods and to get to see how many books initially were published
in Arabian and other languages then moving over to Europe and then moving
over now to the US as a publishing place and so you get to see the dominance of
certain areas in terms of where books were published in the third year and
this actually is the first time this is on display so this is really the beauty
of the insert' microscope iteration you have see cosmic valve which is an just
mind bogglingly large data set of our human of our universe in which we are
living you have historically which builds on
Wikipedia data and historic events a huge timeline of all of these you have
mega regions which you always get to see in the moment and then science paths
which I actually own the little hair you've got for the exhibit here so mega
regions I looked this morning and checked out zero no gray laid make our
region so this is data on commuter traffic where do people live and where
do they go to work and many people live quite far away from their home and based
on these patterns you get to draw new state boundaries a few wish and these
mega regions as they are called in this work this is what you get actually for
for your region and again you might like to explore some other major regions
using this interface and you can zoom in and really get to see your city and
where people are coming from to work in your city science paths is a way to see
if there's some systematic pattern behind - when people write their most
important most famous most highly cited in this case work and it turns out
there's no real pattern it's pretty much random so maybe your best bet is to
publish a lot of high-stake papers and hope for the best and in this particular
visualization is easy and aligned by the first paper you have you see the time it
takes until you publish that one paper that gets highly cited and as you see
those spikes can occur throughout your career and there's some pretty big ones
one which I highlighted here but there are also some which just have multiple
higher peaks and therefore they are the eminent ivory towers in their respective
sciences and by the way the visualization is quite beautiful so
please consider submitting the call for 2018 should be out very soon but this is
the current cause you can see what it takes to actually submit to the exhibit
and ultimately it's not just the exhibits you have here but it's also the
connection offices naps and microscopes to many many map makers out there so if
you ever want your own map or your own microscope
many of these people some work for data that's a cheap assistant of data
visualization so you could always contact us or contact simply make us off
a certain map and ask them hey I have a data set and I want to render it's the
same way can you help me with this and I think that would be Benny which would
say yes so maybe I leave it here because I think we are quite in time and if
there are more questions let me know ultimately those of you which are more
interested in this topic and not only in the topic of analyzing and visualizing
data but also interested to have predictive models and near-real-time
science forecasts of science and technology those of you might like to
come join us for colloquium at C a Sackler colloquium at the National
Academies which happens to be in December this year and I have handouts
here so it
this way you get to see that it's not just our exhibit network but there are
many more people in computational models which might have been originally
developed in epidemiology or in economics or in physics or in social
sciences and they apply these models and high-quality data sets to help us
understand the inner workings of science technology innovation education and as
you are at a higher institution at an institution of higher education you
might be particularly interested in the interplay and the delays between
Education and Science and Technology developments and job market data because
ultimately many of us are interested to train all these students not only for
the next two years but for the next 80 years of cell life because same half on
average everybody born after 2002 has a hundred years to live so that's great
news for parents because I'm not in that set but um hopefully I have my 90 years
to live and so if this is true that our students
have 80 more years how do we best prepare them for this in the four years
or maybe longer time we harvest them and so we have to understand how we can
empower them to again first of all not only read text but also data but send
secondarily they need to have a much more real-time understanding of what is
known out says I shouldn't reinvent the wheel and how to deal with this enormous
incoming stream of new science technology developments and ultimately
also how to communicate how to navigate how to optimize if you're an engineer
how to manage that knowledge we have and how to kind of pick desirable futures
early how to use computational models to see what kind of impact certain types of
decisions might have and then pick the most
desirable future and we now do have some means to actually get us there and this
is really a rethinking of what has been done in the information library science
before where it must mostly about analyzing evaluating assessing existing
programs or understanding the past structure and evolution of science but
now bringing in computational predictive models running on supercomputing
infrastructure getting huge data feeds coming in this is really the next stage
where we are going and some of you might like to join us for that so thanks so
much for your attention and I'm gonna be around until 3:00 or so thank you