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Welcome everyone, thanks for being here. Some of you 
have to be here, but those in person and online  

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we welcome you tonight to  this event that we 
have every every semester. And Dean Surprenant is  

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always saves a time in the semester for us 
to do one of these sessions on Open Access and  

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 tonight is a particularly   
propitious night to have this event because  

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of something that's just happened recently 
in terms of  federally funded access to or  

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access to federally funded research and we have 
a special guest tonight Heather Joseph from  

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the organization SPARC who's going to give 
us a talk to begin with. But let me do  

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a bit of housekeeping and then we can  
turn to the to the program so next slide

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the slide one on it was just balloon

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so just just this is International Open Access 
Week so that's another thing we try to coincide  

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with with Open Access Week for tonight's event 
so there's one event tomorrow that if you're  

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interested, please join us: How to take
advantage of the University's open access policy.  

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And tonight's agenda is will proceed 
basically three portions of the program first  

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we will begin with Heather Joseph's talk about 
 OA requirements for federally funded research  

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we'll have some Q&A after that and then we'll have 
brief presentations on various aspects of open  

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and at the end we'll open it up for 
general discussion with the panel. 

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So if you go to the next slide please I just want 
to introduce our panel tonight and speakers so  

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we have Kayla McNabb who's seated here who's 
assistant director for teaching and learning  

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engagement in the libraries here; Jonathan 
Petters, who's online, he's assistant director  

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for data management and curation services here 
in the library. We have Dean Surprenant, Tyler  

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Walters, Dean of the University Libraries, and 
Philip Young, repository manager for VTechWorks  

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in the University libraries. And joining the panel 
is Ali Briggs as well, a graduate student who's  

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TAing for this course so Tyler if you would 
you like to introduce Heather Joseph.

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All right good evening everybody 
thank you for being here

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so it's my pleasure to introduce 
our featured speaker Heather Joseph  

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who is executive director of the SPARC 
publishing uh SPARC, the scholarly publishing  

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and academic resources coalition. It's a non-profit 
advocacy organization that supports systems for  

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research and education that are open by default 
and equitable by design, believing that everyone  

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should be able to access and contribute to the 
knowledge that shapes our world. SPARC's membership  

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includes 250 libraries and academic organizations 
across North America, with affiliates in Africa  

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Europe Japan and individual member organizations 
in Australia Hong Kong and Saudi Arabia.   

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Under Heather Joseph's stewardship, SPARC has become widely 
recognized as the leading international force  

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for effective Open Access policies and practices.
Heather regularly participates in committees  

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and collaborates on projects with U.S federal 
agencies ranging from the NIH National advisory  

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committee on PubMed Central to the NIST steering 
committee to establish the research data framework  

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and in 2019 she spearheaded the establishment of 
the national academies of science engineering and  

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medicine's Roundtable on aligning incentives 
to support science, my favorite initiative. 

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internationally Heather has worked on 
initiatives to promote open sharing of  

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research outputs at the United Nations, World 
Bank, UNESCO, and the World Health Organization  

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and as you're about to hear more recently she's 
led advocacy around zero embargoes for federally  

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funded research and data, an achievement that's 
being realized soon with the White House's office  

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of Science and Technology policy memo entitled 
Ensuring free immediate and Equitable access to  

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federally funded research, issued in August of 
2022. So please join me in welcoming Heather Joseph.

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Thanks Tyler I'm gonna go ahead and 
share my screen here so you can see some slides

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that's working for folks I'm hoping all 
right let me just get full slideshow up here

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we go um thank you so much and thanks Tyler for 
that introduction um it's really a pleasure to be  

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with you all here tonight um uh to celebrate Open 
Access week and as Tyler said it's a particularly  

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exciting time in the U.S. around access to open 
access to federally funded research results so  

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I'm going to talk uh tonight a little bit 
about the Nelson memorandum which is the  

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recent White House policy directive on ensuring 
open and Equitable access to the results of of  

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taxpayer funded U.S taxpayer funded research and 
what I'm going to cover in the next 20 minutes or  

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so is to try to talk a little bit about the the 
background um and context in in which this this  

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new policy development kind of sprang out uh talk 
of course about what the Nelson memorandum is and  

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what's in it uh why it matters I'll try to focus 
on the key elements of the memorandum that really  

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affect you all and we'll kind of hit you where you 
live on campus including um the new regulations  

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that will uh um be coming down the pike around 
accessing or actually lifting of limitations in  

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terms of accessing scholarly Journal Publications 
but also publications of other kinds research data  

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uh the components of the memorandum that deal with 
improving scientific Integrity uh and coordination  

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and also in particular uh the emphasis that the 
memorandum has on ensuring Equity uh across all  

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um areas of scientific communication and 
then um as Tyler said we'll have plenty  

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of time for questions and answers to dig into 
any particular aspect of the policy or you know  

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even sort of the Open Access environment that 
you might have questions about as we go along  

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um in terms of uh kind of context for 
this this uh new policy development  

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um as Tyler said the organization that I um 
am the director of uh called spark really  

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works to focus on um uh one premise and 
that is that sharing knowledge is a human  

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right and we firmly believe that everyone 
everywhere should have the right and the  

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ability to access contribute to and benefit from 
uh knowledge that's generated all around the world  

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um and I think you know you all from from you 
know where you sit on campus I think understand  

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you know intuitively that the whole goal of 
research and scholarship is to share knowledge  

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as widely as possible Right you want to be able to 
build on the ideas of others freely and you want  

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others to be able to build on your ideas that's 
the entire kind of you know driving force behind  

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um uh sharing knowledge and um the U.S federal 
government that is an enormous funder in basic  

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and applied research right that contributes to 
scholarship and uh and and research uh both here  

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in the in nationally and and around the world 
the government funds about 80 billion dollars  

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in basic research um each year and that means by 
the way that you fund about 80 billion dollars  

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in basic research each year right because the 
government funds taxpayer dollars they fund the  

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money that comes out of your taxes my taxes so we 
are the research funders here and this generates  

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This research generates a ton of Articles and data 
tens of thousands of Articles you know terabytes  

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petabytes of data every single year but you know 
the drill right it's really difficult to access  

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a lot of this material particularly the data and 
we're all familiar with how expensive it can be to  

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get access to articles that report on the results 
of research that public dollars tax dollars  

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have funded and in the policy environment that's 
because we're really still operating by and large  

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under rules and regulations and laws that were 
established in a pre-internet era they're they're  

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based in a print-based paper-based environment 
they're defined by Communications limitations from  

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that environment and we also have you know those 
rules and regulations compounded by uh culture  

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um uh cultural norms that have grown grown up that 
really uh reward exclusivity right we're rewarded  

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in higher ed for publishing and high impact 
journals we get rewarded for doing that and  

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those who can afford to subscribe to them can get 
access to those that can't well you know kind of  

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good luck unfortunately not the greatest uh most 
Equitable operating environment in terms of policy  

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so at spark um uh where Tyler has served on the 
steering committee of spark many folks at Virginia  

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Tech are active in the library are active in our 
our organization and have been active uh for the  

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last 20 years um in uh um promoting advocacy 
on a whole bunch of fronts to to really try to  

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change uh the underlying rules of um how research 
and scholarship are shared particularly in the  

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policy environment and then the policy environment 
we've worked together to really create incremental  

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change which as much as you'd like to you know 
think that policies you know you have an idea for  

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a policy we see the problems you know we'll we'll 
we'll advocate for it in Washington and in one  

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fell smooth the policy will be changed it's really 
not I wish it worked that way it's really not how  

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it works it's very incremental so over kind of one 
foot in front of the other over the last 20 years  

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we started with changing the regulations for one 
agency in 2005 the National Institutes of Health  

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um and kind of working on flipping the Norms 
right really getting the feds to recognize  

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things that seem simple but that really needed to 
be embedded into policy that first and foremost  

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the public taxpayers are entitled to access the 
results of research that they've funded and those  

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outputs should be freely available and also fully 
reusable in the digital environment that we're not  

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operating in a print-based environment anymore 
we can share these things freely and people can  

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should be able to use them to text mine data mine 
compute on make them AI ready for natural language  

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processing all the cool things that we now 
have the ability to do in a digital environment  

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and we've worked to um promote policies 
in the federal government that also  

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um are based on we can doing this by taking 
advantage of the opportunities that the  

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internet and network digital technology present 
and flipping the norm creating a world where the  

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norm is is that you share the results of the 
research that you conduct and that the federal  

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government funds unless or until there's a 
compelling reason to lock it down which is  

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the polar opposite of the world we've been in 
the Norms we've been operating under for the  

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last you know 100 or so years again started 
slowly with one agency with the NIH in 2005.  

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um and kind of slowly built over the next over 
about a decade um culminating uh uh in 2013 when  

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the Obama Administration issued the policy that 
we've been operating under for about the last  

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decade so um the Obama Administration policy the 
sort of prevailing policy up until two months ago  

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was that the feds kind of took this on board and 
said if you take money from the federal government  

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to do research we're going to make sure that the 
public can get access to articles that report on  

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that research but we're gonna allow Publishers to 
embargo to keep it under wraps to keep it under a  

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paywall for up to a year and they didn't really do 
anything to address the ability for those articles  

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to be fully used in the digital environment 
and they didn't touch the data that results  

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from federally funded research at all so really 
kind of incremental steps a big sweeping policy  

00:14:05.580 --> 00:14:14.100
in 2013 that moved the needle quite a bit but 
didn't go didn't go far enough well two months  

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ago two months ago tomorrow uh on August 25th the 
White House went far enough they really went there  

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um we have worked on promoting uh changes to the 
Obama era policy for the last decade and on August  

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25th the ostp the office of Science and Technology 
policy in the White House issued a memorandum  

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updating that prevailing policy guidance called 
ensuring free immediate and Equitable access to  

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federally funded research results that did a 
very simple but amazing and sweeping thing the  

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memorandum directs all federal agencies every 
last one of them that does scientific research  

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to make all articles and data that results from 
taxpayer fund funding from U.S federal funding  

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freely available in publicly accessible by default 
without embargo for any delay after publication  

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it is an amazing and sweeping policy um that uh 
really changes the the the underlying rules of the  

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road and it get it will get us once it's enacted 
you know pretty much 90 to where we would like to  

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be in terms of Shifting to have the default mode 
be open sharing for U.S federally funded research  

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um why do they do it why why now um well there's 
a the the uh the memorandum is has that long title  

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right ensuring Equitable access it's short-handed 
as the Nelson memorandum after the um acting  

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director of The Office of Science and Technology 
policy Alondra Nelson who signed the memo so  

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you'll hear me kind of shorthand this as the 
message memo you'll hear other folks refer to it  

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as the ostp memo so if you hear that nomenclature 
um that's where it comes from so why did they do  

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it um well uh Dr Nelson and the team at ostp 
provided really um I think compelling and uh  

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helpful uh materials that accompanied the actual 
policy itself and they've also written a couple  

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of Articles and blogs since and they've really 
put I think the driving factors behind you know  

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why they moved um moved in this direction into a 
really good context they use a lot of the same um  

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rationales that we've been advocating for for you 
know two decades that they're doing this policy  

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and making this material available to speed up 
the pace of Discovery um and to uh also accelerate  

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translating Research into public benefits this is 
really about serving the public on every science  

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policy that we do in the United States pretty much 
every policy has an economic component right so  

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um they believe that this policy will promote 
Innovation and competitiveness they also really  

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felt it was important as an income as an incoming 
Administration to improve scientific integrity and  

00:17:20.820 --> 00:17:25.800
boost the Public's trust in science and what could 
be more important you know in 2012 and they also  

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believe that this policy will help the federal 
government to have more ready access to high  

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quality data and information that will support 
evidence-based decision and policy making which  

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are really great drivers um they also you know 
were very clear and this is a the next two slides  

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are just quotes from the actual uh uh supporting 
text for the policy themselves that they spent  

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a lot of time this Administration and even the 
prior Administration the office of Science and  

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Technology policy did a lot of consultations and 
got a lot of public feedback on what was working  

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well with the current policy you know was it okay 
that we were sort of almost to immediate access  

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did we really need things that you know articles 
that were machine readable uh that you could text  

00:18:14.280 --> 00:18:20.160
and date of mine was it good enough to just have 
articles really need to worry about making data  

00:18:20.160 --> 00:18:26.760
available and they were very very clear about 
what they saw as the limitations and the driving  

00:18:26.760 --> 00:18:32.040
factors for this particular the Biden Harris 
Administration in particular to make this move  

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and they indicated that that 12-month embargo was 
a was a big problem and the the reason that it was  

00:18:38.940 --> 00:18:44.700
a problem was that it limited access to research 
results to only those who were able to pay for it  

00:18:44.700 --> 00:18:51.120
or have the privilege of being able to access it 
through libraries or other institutional means and  

00:18:51.120 --> 00:18:56.220
you know in the text accompanying the policy they 
said that financial means and privileged access  

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let's never be the prerequisites to realizing the 
benefits of federally funded research that the  

00:19:02.460 --> 00:19:08.220
American public deserves you will see this theme 
um as we talk a little bit about the components of  

00:19:08.220 --> 00:19:16.920
the policy of ensuring Equitable access to and and 
contribution to uh uh federally funded research  

00:19:16.920 --> 00:19:25.860
throughout this policy I'm really really loved the 
um uh the language that that you know also talked  

00:19:25.860 --> 00:19:31.320
about the fact that the the insights that come 
out of this research should also be immediately  

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available not just in moments in crisis but in 
every moment a real driving factor I think for  

00:19:37.800 --> 00:19:45.180
the administration and moving forward was um the 
pandemic and this you know talk about a wake-up  

00:19:45.180 --> 00:19:51.660
call in March of 2020 when uh you know it was 
clear that we were in the middle we were at the  

00:19:51.660 --> 00:19:58.140
beginning of uh not just a national but a global 
pandemic one of the first things that happened was  

00:19:58.140 --> 00:20:03.960
um the White House um we got a call on a Saturday 
from somebody in the White House saying oh my gosh  

00:20:03.960 --> 00:20:11.580
how do we put together a you know a database of 
all coronavirus related academic Journal papers  

00:20:11.580 --> 00:20:17.700
that can be text and datamines so that we can you 
know begin to to attack this this this problem  

00:20:17.700 --> 00:20:23.640
right we you know how how do we do it and you know 
I I have been doing ad advocacy long enough that  

00:20:23.640 --> 00:20:28.380
well if you had a national open access policy 
you would have access to this and you wouldn't  

00:20:28.380 --> 00:20:34.920
have to worry about it but what they actually had 
to do at the beginning of um the covid-19 crisis  

00:20:34.920 --> 00:20:42.960
was to actually go and negotiate with Publishers 
individually for access to coronavirus related  

00:20:42.960 --> 00:20:50.400
articles pay to convert them to a machine readable 
format um get the rights for text and data mining  

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and establish a database before they could even 
turn you know the scientific communities full  

00:20:56.460 --> 00:21:01.380
attention onto working on this issue and I think 
that was a moment where they realized we don't  

00:21:01.380 --> 00:21:07.920
ever want to be in this position again the fact 
that we you know just a few months ago have been  

00:21:07.920 --> 00:21:14.460
looking at the MPX the monkey pox virus as 
a potential addition you know another round  

00:21:14.460 --> 00:21:21.060
of pandemic I you know I really do think that it 
can't be understated or overstated how much of a  

00:21:21.060 --> 00:21:28.620
driving factor that was for this Administration 
to want to move forward and say look in covid  

00:21:28.620 --> 00:21:35.820
sharing research articles and data openly and 
immediately let us get from sequencing the virus  

00:21:35.820 --> 00:21:44.400
genome to developing a vaccine at the fastest time 
in human history why would we keep these paywalls  

00:21:44.400 --> 00:21:50.340
in place for things like other diseases like 
cancer for clean energy for climate change and  

00:21:50.340 --> 00:21:55.920
they really you know kind of came forward and said 
this policy is you know our way of saying that  

00:21:55.920 --> 00:22:00.360
there should be no delay between taxpayers and the 
return on their investment in research and that  

00:22:00.360 --> 00:22:05.760
return on investment is not monetary right you 
know it's not like we're we're getting dividends  

00:22:05.760 --> 00:22:13.440
in terms of stock but we're getting dividends in 
terms of solving um major science-based problems  

00:22:13.440 --> 00:22:20.700
much faster and in a more Equitable manner 
um as I said the the memo itself covers sort  

00:22:20.700 --> 00:22:26.820
of four key areas Publications research data 
and scientific scientific integrity and Equity  

00:22:27.660 --> 00:22:34.020
um Publications is probably the one that um is the 
mo will most directly impact all of you on campus  

00:22:34.860 --> 00:22:42.300
um and the policy very simply makes all research 
Publications funded by U.S federal agencies uh  

00:22:42.300 --> 00:22:48.120
freely available to all immediately upon 
publication and you know how does it do  

00:22:48.120 --> 00:22:55.080
that um and what are they what do they mean by by 
Publications um well first and foremost um the the  

00:22:55.080 --> 00:23:03.120
policy covers always covers uh Journal articles 
and and or the authors accepted manuscript of a  

00:23:03.120 --> 00:23:10.620
journal article but the the the policy also gives 
federal agencies the leeway to say if you want to  

00:23:10.620 --> 00:23:18.000
go farther and require that book chapters that 
result from uh that report on federally funded  

00:23:18.000 --> 00:23:23.220
research or peer-reviewed conference proceedings 
that report on federally funded research results  

00:23:23.220 --> 00:23:29.340
if if a federal agency wants to expand the 
policy to include that material it can do it  

00:23:29.340 --> 00:23:35.280
right this is really saying we do believe that 
open is better than closed and that we want the  

00:23:35.280 --> 00:23:40.620
we want federal agencies in different disciplines 
to have the ability to say if you want to flip the  

00:23:40.620 --> 00:23:45.780
default to open for other things besides Journal 
articles we can you can go ahead and work with  

00:23:45.780 --> 00:23:52.200
your communities to do that and the policy doesn't 
say you have to make you have to make your article  

00:23:53.040 --> 00:23:58.860
um or your book chapter or whatever open 
in one specific way it says as a default  

00:23:59.820 --> 00:24:06.420
um you can do it in the easiest and most cost 
effective way possible which is simply to deposit  

00:24:06.420 --> 00:24:12.420
your manuscript or article into an Open Access 
repository that's approved by the federal agency  

00:24:12.420 --> 00:24:18.180
or you can publish in an Open Access Journal 
that charges and I'm going to put air quotes  

00:24:18.180 --> 00:24:24.240
here reasonable publication fees and we can talk 
about reasonable and unreasonable publication fees  

00:24:24.240 --> 00:24:30.120
in the Q a because there's there's a lot to talk 
about there and here is where I will just say that  

00:24:30.120 --> 00:24:36.960
the equity guidelines and kind of guard rails 
that the ostp included in this memorandum will  

00:24:36.960 --> 00:24:41.580
play a very important role in determining 
what's reasonable what's not reasonable  

00:24:43.080 --> 00:24:48.900
um unlike the previous uh memo and this is 
no shade on the Obama administration because  

00:24:48.900 --> 00:24:53.940
it was great that they put a policy out there 
you know really laid the foundation but this  

00:24:53.940 --> 00:24:58.620
um uh Nelson memorandum requires that 
articles and data be available in machine  

00:24:58.620 --> 00:25:04.080
readable formats so that they can be text 
and data mined and it lays the groundwork for  

00:25:04.980 --> 00:25:10.980
um open licenses and the right kinds of permission 
structures to be uh attached to those Publications  

00:25:10.980 --> 00:25:15.840
so that articles and data can be used as 
fully as possible in the print environment  

00:25:15.840 --> 00:25:24.240
so this is essentially a policy that says the 
default is now 100 open for Journal articles  

00:25:25.260 --> 00:25:34.260
um going forward for research data it's um it's 
also uh it's much stronger than the than the Obama  

00:25:34.260 --> 00:25:42.600
era rules were um specifically the data that you 
need to validate the conclusion of Articles also  

00:25:42.600 --> 00:25:48.720
needs to be made openly available immediately 
upon publication to the public immediately and  

00:25:48.720 --> 00:25:54.180
freely so that means that the data whether 
they need to verify the conclusion and also  

00:25:54.180 --> 00:26:01.440
to reproduce the results that the article is 
reporting on has to be made open as well that  

00:26:01.440 --> 00:26:06.600
is an enormous change from any policy that 
we've had in the United States in the past  

00:26:07.620 --> 00:26:14.520
um uh and really represents I think a 
big step forward in terms of uh their  

00:26:14.520 --> 00:26:20.040
the administration's approach to really wanting to 
improve trust in science and scientific integrity  

00:26:21.600 --> 00:26:30.180
um it also asks agencies to to begin to really 
think about systematically dealing with how you  

00:26:30.180 --> 00:26:35.880
might share the data research data that is 
generated out of research that may not be  

00:26:35.880 --> 00:26:40.680
affiliated with directly affiliated with a 
publication right so the vast majority of  

00:26:40.680 --> 00:26:46.860
the data that that you generate in research 
isn't under necessarily underlying data for  

00:26:46.860 --> 00:26:52.200
an article there's a lot of you know other 
data so if the memo begin really opens up  

00:26:52.200 --> 00:26:56.400
the conversations and asks agencies to 
provide guidance on that data as well  

00:26:57.840 --> 00:27:04.320
um uh for the the data sets that uh underlay 
articles um the guidance is a little more  

00:27:04.320 --> 00:27:11.280
granular and will provide um asks agencies to 
provide very specific um guidance to researchers  

00:27:11.280 --> 00:27:16.560
on where you should deposit your data how any 
limitations on data should be handled where  

00:27:16.560 --> 00:27:20.400
Publications are really black and white right 
they're either open or closed and the feds have  

00:27:20.400 --> 00:27:28.920
said this has to be open data is still Shades 
of Gray underlying data open the other data  

00:27:28.920 --> 00:27:35.340
we have a lot you have a lot more leeway a 
lot of that can still be um uh not necessarily  

00:27:35.340 --> 00:27:41.820
closed but available under terms that may not be 
fully open but are findable accessible reusable  

00:27:41.820 --> 00:27:46.440
interoperable you know things that I think will 
will kind of be getting to um down the pike

00:27:48.720 --> 00:27:56.760
scientific Integrity as I said the um this is was 
clearly a a priority of the Biden Administration  

00:27:56.760 --> 00:28:05.880
from day one clearly a priority of ostp and unlike 
any memorandum on public access or any policy on  

00:28:05.880 --> 00:28:11.100
public access from the NIH on through to the Obama 
era memos this is the first time that that we've  

00:28:11.100 --> 00:28:16.920
had a policy that includes specific Provisions 
that are designed to improve scientific Integrity  

00:28:18.060 --> 00:28:25.800
um along with um the the requirement uh for 
sharing the data to validate and reproduce  

00:28:25.800 --> 00:28:31.860
the policy includes Provisions um that will be 
implemented implemented later on and I'll talk  

00:28:31.860 --> 00:28:37.920
about the time frame in just a second for this 
policy that will require something that makes  

00:28:37.920 --> 00:28:43.380
our librarian Hearts uh sing with gladness 
which is uh appropriate metadata at the time  

00:28:43.380 --> 00:28:48.780
of publication and also it promotes the use of 
persistent identifiers I'll say a little bit more  

00:28:48.780 --> 00:28:55.500
about this if the the policy requires agencies 
to essentially develop full plans for improving  

00:28:55.500 --> 00:29:06.120
scientific Integrity over about a 5 of your period 
the metadata that that it will require agencies to  

00:29:06.120 --> 00:29:12.480
collect is metadata associated with Publications 
and data around authors affiliations the source  

00:29:12.480 --> 00:29:21.720
of funding right um the things that that um uh 
uh that that really sort of improve our ability  

00:29:21.720 --> 00:29:27.600
to contextualize who did the research how do they 
do it Etc and who paid for it like what are what's  

00:29:27.600 --> 00:29:33.720
the motivation behind it um and it also increases 
it will increase the use of digital identifiers on  

00:29:33.720 --> 00:29:40.620
two fronts um over time I think all researchers 
will actually be required this doesn't require  

00:29:40.620 --> 00:29:46.560
it but I think we're going to get there um all 
researchers will be asked to obtain a persistent  

00:29:46.560 --> 00:29:53.640
digital identifier like an orcid ID so that your 
work can be correctly and directly attributed to  

00:29:54.480 --> 00:30:02.520
um to you and it also asks agencies uh to begin 
to work to assign digital persistent identifiers  

00:30:02.520 --> 00:30:09.540
to all kinds of research objects not just dois 
on articles but persistent identifiers on data  

00:30:09.540 --> 00:30:15.360
sets on you know other elements of research 
outputs which it's not you know being done for  

00:30:15.360 --> 00:30:22.320
any sort of punitive reason but rather so that 
those those objects those research outputs can  

00:30:22.320 --> 00:30:28.680
not only be tracked and tracked back to uh the 
the researcher who generated them so that when  

00:30:28.680 --> 00:30:35.100
we started think about how we want how we may want 
to incentivize and reward outputs other than just  

00:30:35.100 --> 00:30:41.100
Journal articles we have a much more systematized 
way and robust way to be able to do that over time  

00:30:42.600 --> 00:30:48.240
um the language in the memo you know really 
talks about restoring trust in science and  

00:30:49.080 --> 00:30:55.020
um getting into the idea of how Equity flows 
through every piece and every element of this  

00:30:55.020 --> 00:31:00.300
memo and all the requirements the supporting 
language talks about um the importance of diverse  

00:31:00.300 --> 00:31:06.120
communicate communities participating in research 
when that happens the discussion of restoring  

00:31:06.120 --> 00:31:11.820
trust and science moves Beyond just our campuses 
and the Ivory Towers and becomes a conversation  

00:31:11.820 --> 00:31:18.900
among the broader public there's no this policy 
is really steeped in the end goals of the results  

00:31:18.900 --> 00:31:25.800
of taxpayer-funded research as a public good 
and about this policy being designed to improve  

00:31:25.800 --> 00:31:33.960
the public good um and as such the policy asks 
federal agencies to specifically each examine  

00:31:35.100 --> 00:31:41.820
um inequities that currently exist in 
uh their requirements for publishing  

00:31:43.260 --> 00:31:49.260
um a federally funded research results and access 
to them and particularly directs agencies to pay  

00:31:49.260 --> 00:31:55.680
attention to the effects on uh traditionally 
underserved communities from Minority serving  

00:31:55.680 --> 00:32:02.340
institutions to community colleges to you know 
public institutions and also to researcher  

00:32:02.340 --> 00:32:08.400
populations uh including um researchers of color 
and those that are early in their careers so it  

00:32:08.400 --> 00:32:16.980
has a very very heavy Equity component the the 
policy um language you know concludes or or the  

00:32:16.980 --> 00:32:21.420
some of the supporting language really concludes 
with the notion of that ultimately you know  

00:32:21.420 --> 00:32:28.080
eliminating the barriers to Discovery and research 
outputs are Central to this administration's  

00:32:28.080 --> 00:32:34.440
commitment to equity Central to their commitment 
to Scientific integrity and evidence-based based  

00:32:34.440 --> 00:32:40.860
policy making and in probably most important to 
us and to their everyday commitment to providing  

00:32:40.860 --> 00:32:48.840
research that actually delivers benefits to the 
public so we're absolutely thrilled to have this  

00:32:48.840 --> 00:32:54.780
policy out there there's a lot in it um lots 
of different components lots of moving pieces  

00:32:55.920 --> 00:33:03.120
um it is going to go into effect uh January 
1st 2025 which seemed like a long lead time  

00:33:04.140 --> 00:33:10.800
um the the the the the elements of um accessing 
making sure that articles and data are open by  

00:33:10.800 --> 00:33:16.620
default is January 1st 2025 the scientific 
Integrity Provisions have a longer lead time  

00:33:16.620 --> 00:33:23.640
2027 again feels like a long lead time but 
the first deadline for federal agencies to  

00:33:23.640 --> 00:33:30.300
have outlines of their plans for the policies will 
go either due to ostp in the Office of Management  

00:33:30.300 --> 00:33:36.000
and budget this February and many of the agencies 
that we've spoken to said they're already working  

00:33:36.000 --> 00:33:42.360
on their plans and they plan to have them in you 
know sooner than that I will guarantee you that we  

00:33:42.360 --> 00:33:48.240
will be seeing the calls for public comment right 
that we'll be seeing the draw draft policies and  

00:33:48.240 --> 00:33:56.700
plans as early as January of 2023 and that we as a 
community as higher education students professors  

00:33:56.700 --> 00:34:02.160
teachers administrators Librarians folks who 
are working on information will be asked to  

00:34:02.160 --> 00:34:08.220
provide feedback so there's going to be lots of 
opportunities to engage to make sure that the  

00:34:08.220 --> 00:34:14.760
policies are implementation goes in the direction 
that that our community feels you know is in line  

00:34:14.760 --> 00:34:20.160
with the values of the communities which I think 
you know pretty closely track with those of of  

00:34:20.160 --> 00:34:24.840
this Administration so I'm going to stop there 
because there's that's a lot of information and  

00:34:24.840 --> 00:34:32.580
happy to talk about any aspect of this that y'all 
would would like to um uh happy to dig into any  

00:34:32.580 --> 00:34:39.660
uh element and uh not sure if you want to do 
questions in the chat or Tyler Howe questions

00:34:40.800 --> 00:34:50.640
questions in the chat and then any questions 
in the room just raise your hand and we should  

00:34:50.640 --> 00:34:54.960
be able to hear them as long as you speak 
up so are there any questions online yeah

00:34:57.060 --> 00:35:05.580
any questions from the room I think I 
have one sure go ahead um can you hear me

00:35:09.480 --> 00:35:13.440
um so I thought that open access 
and maybe this just shows my lack  

00:35:13.440 --> 00:35:19.140
of understanding but I thought that open 
access was based on the journal itself  

00:35:20.580 --> 00:35:23.700
um and I think you kind of you started to 
mention this but I don't think I quite caught  

00:35:23.700 --> 00:35:30.720
how it all works um so from my understanding 
Federal funding comes like per lab right so my  

00:35:30.720 --> 00:35:38.160
lab has an NIH fund that's Federal but you 
know if I'm going to uh publish an article  

00:35:39.900 --> 00:35:46.980
um and do I have to choose to publish it in an 
Open Access journal or can I tell the journal  

00:35:46.980 --> 00:35:53.460
that they have to make my particular publication 
uh Open Access or how does that work does that  

00:35:53.460 --> 00:35:58.800
make sense yeah it absolutely makes sense right 
now you would have to choose to publish in an Open  

00:35:58.800 --> 00:36:03.420
Access Journal if you wanted your article 
to be fully open under this new guidance  

00:36:04.320 --> 00:36:08.580
um you can publish in any Journal that you 
want you don't have to publish in an Open  

00:36:08.580 --> 00:36:16.020
Access journal and pay to make your um article 
open you can deposit a copy of that article your  

00:36:16.020 --> 00:36:22.500
your make your essentially your manuscript into 
an open repository and be done that's considered  

00:36:22.500 --> 00:36:27.420
complying as long as that article is openly 
available on the day of publication through  

00:36:27.420 --> 00:36:34.140
a repository you're fine if you want to choose 
to publish in an Open Access Journal many of  

00:36:34.140 --> 00:36:39.360
them charge what are called article processing 
charges they they charge they charge you extra  

00:36:39.360 --> 00:36:45.180
for Open Access um you can do it but you don't 
have to now you can you can comply with this  

00:36:45.180 --> 00:36:52.920
policy by simply depositing your manuscript in 
an Open Access Repository thank you sure great  

00:36:52.920 --> 00:37:01.020
question Heather does um is there concern about 
depositing in all these different repositories  

00:37:01.020 --> 00:37:08.280
and being connected people being able to actually 
search and bind yeah I mean that's that's a big  

00:37:08.280 --> 00:37:15.300
thing right so the guidance says in an agency 
approved repository so it's pretty clear that  

00:37:15.300 --> 00:37:20.820
the the subset of agency approved repositories 
is going to start out to be Federal repositories  

00:37:20.820 --> 00:37:26.160
like PubMed Central nih's repository but one 
of the things that we're doing in the Library  

00:37:26.160 --> 00:37:33.240
community and in spark is we've created a US 
repository Network group to work with the feds to  

00:37:33.960 --> 00:37:39.720
um uh they they're doing consultation already 
undesirable characteristics of repositories to  

00:37:39.720 --> 00:37:45.480
make sure that institutional repositories like 
you know a repository at Virginia Tech can be  

00:37:45.480 --> 00:37:53.340
a a An approved repository um and that those 
repositories operate in a way that's that's  

00:37:53.340 --> 00:38:00.840
interoperable with the federal repositories over 
time um so it's a that's a big it's going to be a  

00:38:00.840 --> 00:38:05.760
big issue we don't want it just to be you know 
PubMed Central or bust we'd like there to be  

00:38:05.760 --> 00:38:12.900
a robust subset so we actually established this 
repository Network um about a year ago so that it  

00:38:12.900 --> 00:38:18.120
would be in place when when and if guidance like 
this came down to to address exactly that question

00:38:22.560 --> 00:38:30.120
uh Sadia is that your how you say your name 
you want to ask your question yes it's Sadia  

00:38:31.200 --> 00:38:38.460
thank you uh so your question is that there's 
a lot of emphasis on you know science stem  

00:38:38.460 --> 00:38:47.040
absolutely um research in you know in in 
uh in stem and steam-based contents uh this  

00:38:47.640 --> 00:38:53.460
um memorandum covers the research of all 
kinds it uh will apply to things like the  

00:38:53.460 --> 00:38:57.180
National Endowment for the Humanities just 
the same as the National Science Foundation  

00:38:58.260 --> 00:39:03.360
um and one of the things that you know the 
biggest question is will there be funding  

00:39:03.360 --> 00:39:10.020
available to help support um compliance with 
this and we actually had the folks from ostp  

00:39:10.020 --> 00:39:15.720
do two briefings over the the course of the last 
two weeks and every time that question came up the  

00:39:15.720 --> 00:39:22.380
answer was the Federal Government recognizes you 
know that support is going to be needed and yes  

00:39:22.380 --> 00:39:27.600
absolutely for humanities and social sciences 
as well as stem what form is it going to take  

00:39:27.600 --> 00:39:33.240
that's what we're going to have to see you 
know as the the plans come from agencies but  

00:39:33.240 --> 00:39:38.820
um the we we I actually talked with the folks at 
the National Endowment for humanities uh a couple  

00:39:38.820 --> 00:39:44.460
of weeks ago and they're actually enthusiastic 
about having digital Humanities in particular  

00:39:44.460 --> 00:39:51.720
included in this NSF does a lot of you know sort 
of social sciences um uh Department of Ed will be  

00:39:51.720 --> 00:39:58.740
covered by this Smithsonian will be covered by 
this you know all kinds of of agencies that um  

00:39:58.740 --> 00:40:03.300
are going to be a little bit newer to the game one 
of the things that the feds are doing is they're  

00:40:03.300 --> 00:40:08.580
pairing up agencies that have more experience in 
developing these kinds of policies with agencies  

00:40:08.580 --> 00:40:14.700
that are new to the mix so the reason I wasn't 
picking on neh and NSF they're paired up together  

00:40:14.700 --> 00:40:20.160
because NSF has been you know I think working on 
these kinds of policies for a little bit longer  

00:40:20.160 --> 00:40:26.700
neh is new to the game but they're really the 
interagency collaboration and consultation is  

00:40:26.700 --> 00:40:34.200
heartening to see um so yes absolutely sure thank 
you and one more thing to add on to it that along  

00:40:34.200 --> 00:40:39.600
with the open educational resources are their 
plans of integrating project-based learning  

00:40:39.600 --> 00:40:45.720
into the content of uh Open Access programs to 
give students a Hands-On learning environment  

00:40:45.720 --> 00:40:51.480
which is the more appealing and fascinating 
and Innovation towards the education in these  

00:40:51.480 --> 00:40:58.320
times they're not as part of this policy but I 
would encourage you to kind of watch this space  

00:40:59.460 --> 00:41:09.540
um you may know that NASA earlier this year 
declared 2023 the year of open science and part  

00:41:09.540 --> 00:41:14.880
of what they're doing is developing curriculum 
that does things that are similar to what you  

00:41:14.880 --> 00:41:21.240
just described right embedding this kind of 
course courseware project-based learning into  

00:41:21.240 --> 00:41:30.360
kind of open science learning we're hearing that 
the federal government as part of the kind of wave  

00:41:30.360 --> 00:41:37.020
of of open is a good thing we want to get behind 
it may actually kind of do a blanket declaration  

00:41:37.020 --> 00:41:45.000
uh as 2023 is the year of open research 
opens something and certainly if NASA is any  

00:41:45.000 --> 00:41:51.900
example there will be opportunities through that 
Initiative for us to and the community to promote  

00:41:52.800 --> 00:42:00.360
um uh uh activities and actions like that so I 
would watch the space thank you so much thank you

00:42:02.820 --> 00:42:09.960
and let's have a question so I appreciate your 
defining data in the open data or not you the  

00:42:09.960 --> 00:42:12.600
um the federal government um 
I've recently come from Canada  

00:42:12.600 --> 00:42:16.620
and we were having quite a bit of 
discussion about what data means

00:42:18.660 --> 00:42:23.880
um because of course um in some Fields you 
collect an infinite amount of data when you've got  

00:42:23.880 --> 00:42:33.720
videotapes or you know rocks and things like that 
being alive um but uh the metadata uh is something  

00:42:33.720 --> 00:42:41.100
that I think is going to make most researchers 
sprinkle their brow and say oh my god I've got to  

00:42:41.100 --> 00:42:47.940
talk to the library because I don't even know what 
metadata means um so um how is that going to be  

00:42:47.940 --> 00:42:53.700
rolled out how are we going to be able to figure 
that out that is you know what you just described  

00:42:53.700 --> 00:43:02.760
is exactly the reason why um the that component 
of the the the policy uh has until 2027 to be  

00:43:02.760 --> 00:43:09.000
be figured out because the the ostp folks are 
absolutely honest in saying the agencies basically  

00:43:09.000 --> 00:43:17.820
said we have a basic idea how to do articles we 
have a sorta idea how to do data we don't know how  

00:43:17.820 --> 00:43:23.580
we're going to deal with with metadata I mean it's 
not like it's a complete Black Box but I would  

00:43:23.580 --> 00:43:28.800
look for some pretty significant consultations 
and and collaborations with the community to  

00:43:28.800 --> 00:43:33.540
Define how that's going to get done because I 
honestly don't think they know at this moment  

00:43:33.540 --> 00:43:43.380
there's very little detail in the memorandum about 
how that the metadata component is going to be um  

00:43:43.380 --> 00:43:51.120
established but I would look for the the Library 
community will be active Partners obviously in in  

00:43:51.120 --> 00:43:58.980
um coming up with strategies the the strength and 
the weakness of this approach um by ostp is on the  

00:43:58.980 --> 00:44:03.600
one hand you know you always hear in the policy 
making environment one size doesn't fit all and  

00:44:03.600 --> 00:44:12.420
that certainly applies to data in you know data 
practices uh across disciplines that the agencies  

00:44:12.420 --> 00:44:19.920
cover so giving the agencies flexibility in these 
um in components of policies is a must and a good  

00:44:19.920 --> 00:44:27.660
thing coordinating and making sure that things 
like metadata practices are discipline specific  

00:44:27.660 --> 00:44:34.500
enough but coordinated enough to be meaningful 
and useful um that's really where the rubber  

00:44:34.500 --> 00:44:39.240
is going to meet the road in terms of defining 
what the individual agencies do and how it rolls  

00:44:39.240 --> 00:44:43.800
up into a cohesive policy that's going to be a 
challenge it's not going to be not going to not  

00:44:43.800 --> 00:44:49.260
going to sugarcoat that one thanks for that just 
as a reminder to everyone all the students here  

00:44:50.220 --> 00:44:56.040
you now not only is it recommended that you do a 
good job of labeling your data and the like you  

00:44:56.040 --> 00:45:01.920
have to do it and so you have to come up as a team 
for actually making sure that someone else can  

00:45:01.920 --> 00:45:08.220
analyze your data so keep that in mind as you're 
collecting it it's a lot easier I think one of  

00:45:08.220 --> 00:45:12.840
the most important things too is that there's 
a recognition in this Administration with the  

00:45:12.840 --> 00:45:21.000
national academies of Sciences with the growing 
Cadre of University leaders that as the default  

00:45:21.000 --> 00:45:27.060
is Shifting to the expectation from funders 
being you're going to share openly unless or  

00:45:27.060 --> 00:45:32.580
until there's a compelling reason to shut it down 
rather than what we have now that we need to work  

00:45:32.580 --> 00:45:40.740
together with you know institutions departments 
funders sort of across the board to also update  

00:45:41.280 --> 00:45:47.160
um incentives and rewards so that you know it's 
not just you gotta do it but if you do it and  

00:45:47.160 --> 00:45:54.540
you do it right you're in annotated data set 
can be part of your CV and you know fed into  

00:45:54.540 --> 00:46:00.780
your research assessment process for additional 
funding right your contribution to peer review  

00:46:00.780 --> 00:46:06.180
might be you know one of whatever the research 
output is now if there's appropriate metadata  

00:46:06.180 --> 00:46:11.400
and persistent identifiers associated with it 
it can be tracked back to you not in a creepy  

00:46:11.400 --> 00:46:17.280
surveillance way although we want to guard against 
that but in a hey these are outputs that are now  

00:46:17.280 --> 00:46:23.940
tracked they're valued they're not just required 
they're valued and we can really begin to rethink  

00:46:25.080 --> 00:46:28.560
um on an individualized basis in disciplines 
departments and then rolling up into  

00:46:28.560 --> 00:46:32.700
institutions and funders what the rewards 
should look like for that and incentives  

00:46:34.140 --> 00:46:40.620
okay we need to wrap it up here I just 
had one just one question though Heather  

00:46:40.620 --> 00:46:47.580
you didn't mention compliance so is what is 
there an element in there in the guidelines  

00:46:47.580 --> 00:46:51.900
around clients or do you have a sense 
of how that's going to be taken care of  

00:46:52.920 --> 00:46:58.440
um I you know compliance for the 
article and data portion of the show is  

00:46:59.160 --> 00:47:05.700
um something that's already in place like it's a 
it's a a a component if you want to get additional  

00:47:05.700 --> 00:47:12.660
funding from the agencies and you haven't complied 
they track right so the NIH for example um says  

00:47:12.660 --> 00:47:20.460
that they're at roughly about 90 percent compliant 
with um sharing articles under the current policy  

00:47:20.460 --> 00:47:26.760
so I my my sense is that at least for the article 
and data portion of the show they're going to be  

00:47:26.760 --> 00:47:31.140
continuing using the compliance mechanisms that 
are currently in place which is tracking back  

00:47:32.160 --> 00:47:37.260
um you know with your Grant reporting it's got 
to be a component in the the grant report and  

00:47:37.260 --> 00:47:42.120
when you will when you apply for new funding 
they do look um so I think that's going to  

00:47:42.120 --> 00:47:47.880
be one of the big components great thank 
you very much um anybody let's thank um

00:47:52.080 --> 00:47:52.680
thanks again

00:47:55.440 --> 00:48:03.300
um so from now if we could go back 
to the slides the regular slides um

00:48:06.540 --> 00:48:12.300
by the way I just realized I didn't even tell 
you who I am so my name is Peter Potter I'm  

00:48:12.300 --> 00:48:18.420
a publisher director at the University Library 
strong colleagues with many of the folks here and  

00:48:19.020 --> 00:48:23.460
we publish Open Access here so I'm 
very interested in this in this subject  

00:48:25.200 --> 00:48:30.960
um so the next for the next um portion 
of our program tonight uh we're going  

00:48:30.960 --> 00:48:39.180
to have [Music] um Philip is going to be 
again speaking we've already talked a lot  

00:48:39.180 --> 00:48:44.880
about Open Access but he's going to put it 
in some local contexts for us so um Phillip

00:48:46.680 --> 00:48:51.180
thanks Peter um I want to back it up just a little  

00:48:51.180 --> 00:48:57.540
bit and review some of the basics 
of Open Access briefly next slide

00:49:00.300 --> 00:49:06.120
um the definition that we've used in the library 
for the long time comes from Peter Suber who wrote  

00:49:06.120 --> 00:49:12.240
that open access literature is digital online 
free of charge and for your most copyright and  

00:49:12.240 --> 00:49:18.060
Licensing nutrition so I think of this as a 
two-part definition number one you can get up  

00:49:18.060 --> 00:49:25.500
to it without any kind of login or password or 
paywall or anything like that you can access it  

00:49:25.500 --> 00:49:33.240
the second part is sometimes forgotten 
um that means that um it doesn't have  

00:49:33.240 --> 00:49:39.900
any copyright enlisting restrictions means 
that it facilitates Starly shared so this is  

00:49:39.900 --> 00:49:44.940
usually done through a Creative Commons license 
which I have up there on the screen that's a  

00:49:45.600 --> 00:49:52.920
um attribution license uh there in the lower 
levels I think of this as permissions given in  

00:49:52.920 --> 00:49:58.860
advance so you're able to share the article 
you're able to use parts of the article you  

00:49:58.860 --> 00:50:04.080
can use in the class all these permissions 
are given in advance whereas you don't have  

00:50:04.080 --> 00:50:10.320
that with within article uh strictly under 
copyright for example you want us to use  

00:50:10.320 --> 00:50:16.140
part of an article you would probably have to 
contact that journal and that journal May charge

00:50:18.480 --> 00:50:22.620
so um I just want to emphasize those charts of the  

00:50:22.620 --> 00:50:27.600
Open Access definition because the 
second one is is often program next

00:50:31.260 --> 00:50:37.680
so there's two ways to make your work open 
access the first is publishing in an Open  

00:50:37.680 --> 00:50:42.060
Access Journal that's sometimes 
called go away in the literature  

00:50:43.620 --> 00:50:46.200
um typically this is done 
under Creative Commons license  

00:50:47.880 --> 00:50:52.620
um there is a really great resource out there 
that we use a lot here in the library called the  

00:50:52.620 --> 00:50:56.640
directory of Open Access journals if you're 
looking for an Open Access journal in your  

00:50:56.640 --> 00:51:03.900
discipline this is a great place to go it's at 
doaj.org and you can search on a wide variety  

00:51:03.900 --> 00:51:10.980
of factors defined Open Access journals in your 
field that have been thoroughly vetted by Doha  

00:51:12.300 --> 00:51:17.940
it often takes up to a year or more for 
journalists to get into the directory  

00:51:17.940 --> 00:51:24.000
because there's so much background checking that 
goes on there uh one of the controversial parts  

00:51:24.000 --> 00:51:30.780
of publishing Open Access in a journal are the 
article processing charges and it's important to  

00:51:30.780 --> 00:51:37.260
say that not all open access journals have an 
article process to charge many are subsidized  

00:51:37.260 --> 00:51:46.560
behind the scenes by libraries by funders 
by various uh means but many of the best  

00:51:46.560 --> 00:51:54.060
known students are I do have an article process 
instruction and I link there the suspension fund  

00:51:54.060 --> 00:52:03.180
which is the fund we have here in the libraries to 
help with those charges and anyone in the Virginia  

00:52:03.180 --> 00:52:08.280
Tech Community is is free to apply to that 
subvention fund there are several restrictions  

00:52:08.280 --> 00:52:13.980
to that fund but anyone in the community 
is welcome to use that to apply to the fund  

00:52:15.300 --> 00:52:24.840
the second way to provide open access to your work 
is less well known but um it is free um and that  

00:52:24.840 --> 00:52:29.700
is posting a converting of your article to an Open 
Access repository and this is sometimes referred  

00:52:29.700 --> 00:52:37.620
to as Greenway literature and so this is what um 
Heather was talking about depositing a scented  

00:52:37.620 --> 00:52:43.560
version to PubMed Central or one of the agency 
repositories that they're going to identify so  

00:52:43.560 --> 00:52:48.720
it's not going to be the final Journal version but 
it is going to be the peer-reviewed version uh in  

00:52:48.720 --> 00:52:56.280
manuscript form so right now most journals allow 
this but they do Place restrictions on when and  

00:52:56.280 --> 00:53:01.500
where you can do it so for example most journals 
will place an embargo on this 12 months or more  

00:53:02.280 --> 00:53:11.580
so that was the big deal with this Federal memo is 
that it removed those embarkments because up until  

00:53:11.580 --> 00:53:22.800
now the NIH funded articles could be delayed up 
to 12 months it must work [Music] um another way  

00:53:23.520 --> 00:53:29.040
um articles can be open access and repositories 
that they are covered by an Institutional  

00:53:29.040 --> 00:53:36.540
open access policy and Virginia Tech has a new 
policy that was just passed in last year in 2021  

00:53:37.260 --> 00:53:44.220
and because we are covered by this policy 
which has illegal ways no Journal permission  

00:53:44.220 --> 00:53:50.220
is needed to share your work there so in other 
words you can provide your work freely with no  

00:53:50.220 --> 00:53:57.300
embargo in the University repository regardless 
of what the journal or publisher terms are yes

00:54:00.300 --> 00:54:06.840
so one thing I want to discuss briefly are 
article version so it's it's really helpful  

00:54:06.840 --> 00:54:12.480
to understand different versions of Articles 
and so the first one is the submitted version  

00:54:12.480 --> 00:54:18.300
which is sometimes called a preprints um 
and these are not peer-reviewed because  

00:54:20.100 --> 00:54:24.300
um you know it's the version as 
you might submit to a journal

00:54:24.300 --> 00:54:31.440
during the pandemic of course because people 
wanted to share their research quickly right  

00:54:31.440 --> 00:54:37.860
peer review process can save Moss sometimes up to 
a year or even more so when you're in the middle  

00:54:37.860 --> 00:54:42.480
of a pandemic you don't have time for articles 
necessarily go through the peer-reviewed process  

00:54:44.040 --> 00:54:47.640
um and so this is how a lot of the 
covid-19 research got out quickly  

00:54:48.900 --> 00:54:53.760
um in repositories select bioarchive 
and net archive and I've got a little  

00:54:54.480 --> 00:55:00.600
um example in the upper right there they have a 
warning in yellow saying hey this is a pre-prince  

00:55:00.600 --> 00:55:05.040
it has not been peer-reviewed so there's that 
warning there this is not peer-reviewed research  

00:55:05.040 --> 00:55:13.080
but it gets out fast it doesn't have to wait for 
the peer review to process one thing to be aware  

00:55:13.080 --> 00:55:18.660
of if you're sharing a preprint online is that if 
you have some Target journals in mind to publish  

00:55:18.660 --> 00:55:24.180
with you need to check their policies first 
because not all the journals except preprints  

00:55:24.960 --> 00:55:30.960
if you're in the Life Sciences um pretty 
impressed we're pretty revolutionary and  

00:55:30.960 --> 00:55:35.400
journals actually haven't changed their policies 
to accept preprints because they saw all the  

00:55:35.400 --> 00:55:40.500
written articles that were out there um but in 
other fields if you're in another discipline  

00:55:41.220 --> 00:55:46.800
um so you want to put a preprint online uh you 
want to look at the journal website first to make  

00:55:46.800 --> 00:55:51.660
sure that they accept reprints otherwise we might 
be ruling yourself out publishing in that journal  

00:55:52.440 --> 00:55:59.040
and so these two kind of Open Access through the 
prepared repositories bioarchive archives started  

00:55:59.040 --> 00:56:04.680
back in the early 1990s and so now there are 
preparing repositories and almost there because  

00:56:06.540 --> 00:56:09.480
um as I mentioned they're fast that's 
one of the biggest advantages of them  

00:56:10.080 --> 00:56:17.820
also increasingly you can link to them now in 
advance proposals in Tanner dossiers and things  

00:56:17.820 --> 00:56:25.560
like that whereas before you might say well here's 
the article title and its impress or I submit it  

00:56:25.560 --> 00:56:30.360
to this terminal well now you've got a DOI and you 
can link people to the full version of the article  

00:56:31.620 --> 00:56:37.800
um you can get feedback on preprints and so that 
can be useful a lot of times people will post  

00:56:37.800 --> 00:56:43.440
preprints before they submit it to a journal and 
some Fields priority is really important like who  

00:56:43.440 --> 00:56:48.660
who talked about this for through this over this 
process first that sort of thing these are time  

00:56:48.660 --> 00:56:54.060
stamps so you can point and say this came out 
first or I was the first post preparing on this  

00:56:54.060 --> 00:57:01.440
subject um there's also accepted versions so these 
are peer reviewed these this is your manuscript  

00:57:01.440 --> 00:57:06.120
after it's not through the peer review process 
and you've made all the changes um that your  

00:57:06.120 --> 00:57:12.000
viewers have asked for this is sometimes called 
a post print to differentiate it from pre-print  

00:57:12.540 --> 00:57:19.680
so this is peer review um it is made Open Access 
uh via the publisher policy as I mentioned on  

00:57:19.680 --> 00:57:30.060
the previous slide or through an Institutional 
policy um ours started in 2021 and so we have now  

00:57:30.060 --> 00:57:35.880
open an Open Access articles made openly available 
through the policy in our repository decent course  

00:57:37.560 --> 00:57:41.460
um and again it does lack the journal 
formatting it's not going to be the  

00:57:41.460 --> 00:57:45.480
pretty format that the journal has it's 
going to look more like a Word document  

00:57:45.480 --> 00:57:51.300
but it's not in terms of content it will be 
equivalent to your Journal published version  

00:57:51.900 --> 00:57:59.040
as far as the published version um a lot of 
researchers are not quite clear on the fact that  

00:57:59.040 --> 00:58:05.940
you can't legally post that journal article online 
if you published in a subscription or paywall Journal  

00:58:06.960 --> 00:58:12.420
um typically you'll sign a copyright transfer 
agreement to that journal and a journal owns your  

00:58:12.420 --> 00:58:20.520
article now they set the terms and typically they 
say no sharing of this version of the article if  

00:58:20.520 --> 00:58:25.860
you publish it in an Open Access journal with a 
Creative Commons license you can post it anywhere  

00:58:25.860 --> 00:58:31.380
you like you can publish it put it deposit in a 
repository you can put on your personal web page  

00:58:31.380 --> 00:58:38.460
there are no restrictions uh really on on that at 
least for the most liberal license the attribution  

00:58:38.460 --> 00:58:45.120
license there is a non-commercial license 
which might restrict some commercial uses next

00:58:48.360 --> 00:58:54.000
so I want to talk a little bit about our policy 
which is pretty new anyone at the University can  

00:58:54.000 --> 00:59:01.140
use it it does apply to the accepted version of 
the scholarly article so not the pre-print and not  

00:59:01.140 --> 00:59:08.400
the published version and um you can deposit anytime 
from the day that's accepted through one month 

00:59:08.400 --> 00:59:14.760
after publication with no embargo needed. And  
one month after publication is really more of a nudge  

00:59:14.760 --> 00:59:24.600
to encourage people to make to have an open um 
article available around the time of publication  

00:59:24.600 --> 00:59:30.660
but a lot of people get a table of contents alerts 
Google Scholar alerts and if they can't access the  

00:59:30.660 --> 00:59:34.920
published version then they'll look for an 
open version they'll be able to find it in  

00:59:34.920 --> 00:59:40.860
a repository. Ours go into VTechWorks 
which is our repository here at Virginia Tech  

00:59:40.860 --> 00:59:48.960
and we have three ways for folks to um uh deposit 
articles there, the first is elements or the EFAR system  

00:59:48.960 --> 00:59:55.980
uh that many faculty on campus are already using 
and uh grad students also have access to that  

00:59:56.520 --> 01:00:03.300
we also have Google form um where the article 
can be uploaded with minimal metadata and it  

01:00:03.300 --> 01:00:10.800
can also just be emailed to us at vtechworks@vt.edu 
and the reasons of this are some of  

01:00:10.800 --> 01:00:14.520
the reasons we talked about earlier which 
is that a lot of people don't have access  

01:00:14.520 --> 01:00:20.280
to peer-reviewed research so that's especially 
true globally and low and middle income countries  

01:00:21.660 --> 01:00:27.300
um it's true for government policy makers 
NGOs and so a lot of people out there that  

01:00:27.300 --> 01:00:31.560
would benefit from access to the research 
and there's also benefits to us as authors  

01:00:32.160 --> 01:00:37.440
in terms of citations more downloads 
and that sort of thing next

01:00:40.740 --> 01:00:48.120
and so we have a guide to the policy the URL 
is there at the top of the page and this this  

01:00:48.120 --> 01:00:55.020
covers our policy goes through step by 
step how to deposit has a extensive FAQ  

01:00:55.020 --> 01:01:00.540
how to prepare your version for deposit 
and that sort of thing and I'm leading a  

01:01:00.540 --> 01:01:06.840
session tomorrow on the open access policy 
where we'll go into more depth on this next

01:01:09.060 --> 01:01:13.860
and so I just wanted to show you briefly 
um what an accepted manuscript looks like  

01:01:13.860 --> 01:01:20.100
in our repository uh this is one from a faculty 
member in Psychology and this is a good practice  

01:01:20.100 --> 01:01:25.980
at the top to say hey this is this is uh the 
accepted version of this article saw through  

01:01:25.980 --> 01:01:33.060
peer review here's the full citation and here's 
the DOI if you want this published version next

01:01:35.400 --> 01:01:41.040
and so we have lots of resources for Open Access 
here at Virginia Tech we have a guide to the  

01:01:41.040 --> 01:01:46.320
policy here in Virginia Tech email addresses 
where you can ask questions about the policy  

01:01:46.320 --> 01:01:52.440
or the mechanics of deposit and of course we have 
links there to our repository that you can look at  

01:01:53.580 --> 01:01:59.700
um we have a a wider Open Access guide which 
also covers publishing in Open Access journals  

01:01:59.700 --> 01:02:05.640
it covers the access books and so you may be 
interested in the Open Access guide in general  

01:02:05.640 --> 01:02:12.000
and then we have also a guide to our submission 
fund there there are some restrictions to that  

01:02:12.540 --> 01:02:18.300
um to our submission fund which you should 
understand first before you reply to them  

01:02:19.200 --> 01:02:24.360
and so that's all I have if you have any 
questions I'll be glad to address them now  

01:02:24.360 --> 01:02:29.580
I know that's a lot of information we have time 
for one or two questions did folks have them

01:02:35.040 --> 01:02:44.280
anything online all right we can uh move 
on to our next uh so we're gonna look at a  

01:02:44.280 --> 01:02:49.680
couple of other kinds of open and we're 
going to start with I believe Jonathan  

01:02:50.580 --> 01:02:56.700
Petters talking about open data and 
Jonathan is online you can see him there so  

01:02:57.360 --> 01:03:03.240
um go ahead Jonathan 
all right can you hear me

01:03:05.340 --> 01:03:11.400
all right great all right so so uh Philip just 
talked tell us a little bit about open access to  

01:03:11.400 --> 01:03:16.800
Publications and manuscripts uh through Virginia 
Tech some of the resources around there I'll talk  

01:03:16.800 --> 01:03:23.880
some about open data and access to other things so 
let's start here so sharing other research outputs  

01:03:23.880 --> 01:03:30.660
white data but not just data things like research 
protocols procedures software code all of these  

01:03:30.660 --> 01:03:35.580
things we can share now because the internet 
exists so Heather Joseph went through this a  

01:03:35.580 --> 01:03:40.020
little bit but it's a it's a really big paradigm 
shift for sharing information previously we have  

01:03:40.020 --> 01:03:44.760
to share everything in print and you could share 
some data in print it can happen but now with the  

01:03:44.760 --> 01:03:48.960
internet we could share all these other things 
really easily relatively speaking so we should  

01:03:48.960 --> 01:03:54.360
do so why might we want to do so I'm going to 
start on the right here facilitating new research  

01:03:54.360 --> 01:04:00.240
Pathways data and software generated in one 
discipline can be used in another and uh allowed  

01:04:00.240 --> 01:04:05.400
you know reused to form new research new 
methodologies and another discipline it's all good  

01:04:05.400 --> 01:04:10.980
enhancing the transparency of the research if you 
really want to know what's going on in a research  

01:04:10.980 --> 01:04:16.080
article uh the research that's describes in a 
research article uh you generally need to see  

01:04:16.080 --> 01:04:21.060
more than what's just in the article you need 
to see the underlying data software that might  

01:04:21.060 --> 01:04:25.920
be used some more information about methodology 
survey instruments all these other pieces of the  

01:04:25.920 --> 01:04:31.980
research that are not necessarily in the article 
and lastly here I'm letting reproducibility and  

01:04:31.980 --> 01:04:38.160
Heather also mentioned that being in a position 
to repeat experiments uh see if you can do them  

01:04:38.160 --> 01:04:43.260
again and this has been an issue in the past 
so if we go over here and look at the left uh  

01:04:43.260 --> 01:04:51.240
describing uh it's a Nature article describing uh 
an Amgen study uh where the this company Amgen was  

01:04:51.240 --> 01:04:56.820
looking at several landmark biomedical research 
studies and trying to see whether or not they 

01:04:56.820 --> 01:05:05.280
could reproduce it from what was available and most 
of them they could not many are many uh um studies  

01:05:05.280 --> 01:05:10.440
were not able to be reproduced so sometimes 
this term The reproducibility Crisis crisis is  

01:05:10.440 --> 01:05:17.160
kind of a strong word but uh noting that previous 
research has sometimes is difficult to reproduce  

01:05:17.160 --> 01:05:23.100
and makes you sometimes question the conclusions 
uh where Dean Serpentine comes comes from working  

01:05:23.100 --> 01:05:29.640
in Psychology this has been an issue that is being 
an issue of concern within it's in that discipline  

01:05:29.640 --> 01:05:36.360
so many good reasons we want to share other things 
so those are some of the carrots uh sticks as well  

01:05:36.360 --> 01:05:43.260
if you go to the next slide please check uh as we 
already just heard uh practice from from funders  

01:05:43.260 --> 01:05:51.060
and from journals to share more data so uh one 
thing actually I worked on with with spark over  

01:05:51.060 --> 01:05:57.180
the years is a is a resource that looks at data 
sharing requirements there uh the by federal  

01:05:57.180 --> 01:06:03.600
agency these are particularly the big the big 
funders the ones that were under the uh the Obama  

01:06:03.600 --> 01:06:10.860
level uh 2013 memo she referred to uh so all these 
funders funders have some some uh requirements  

01:06:10.860 --> 01:06:15.480
around data sharing uh they have different 
requirements based on their missions and what  

01:06:15.480 --> 01:06:20.820
they're asking for researchers to do but National 
Science Foundation Department of energy National  

01:06:20.820 --> 01:06:25.560
Endowment for the Humanities they all have some 
say something about data should be made accessible  

01:06:25.560 --> 01:06:30.240
as a research results should be made accessible 
to other folks and those requirements are as we  

01:06:30.240 --> 01:06:35.640
just heard strengthening but it's not just the 
funders it's also the Publishers Publishers like  

01:06:35.640 --> 01:06:42.000
plos who haven't put in a data policy in 2014 uh 
and other Publishers science nature professional  

01:06:42.000 --> 01:06:47.700
Society journals uh these these Publishers all 
like to see that there's more there's a research  

01:06:47.700 --> 01:06:53.520
that they're providing uh providing access to and 
providing access to the underlying data software  

01:06:53.520 --> 01:07:02.040
code does that so carrots and sticks good reasons 
for sharing other things next slide please so  

01:07:02.040 --> 01:07:08.340
quick quick thought uh software for the students 
here uh have you actually used another person's  

01:07:08.340 --> 01:07:14.880
research data or software in your research or are 
you currently doing so and if you are how's it  

01:07:14.880 --> 01:07:19.140
going how did it go if you tried to use it so I'll 
just give a give a little time to see if anybody  

01:07:19.140 --> 01:07:24.240
wants to chime in and say how this has gone if 
they're following a fellow graduate student's work  

01:07:24.240 --> 01:07:33.300
or following another researcher's work how's that 
uh how's it going is it going well is it painful

01:07:35.700 --> 01:07:39.960
see if anybody wants to chime in 
here on the chat I see One race  

01:07:39.960 --> 01:07:44.160
Hannah we'll go for one comment please 
please uh please sir go ahead Mohammed

01:07:46.680 --> 01:07:54.600
um I personally was looking into Data that was 
uh trying to link um a Tremor Behavior Uh using  

01:07:54.600 --> 01:08:01.980
a specific device and the results I'm getting to 
personally are so different than what I've been  

01:08:01.980 --> 01:08:08.040
published in their publication and it's taken 
me like three months so far trying to reproduce  

01:08:08.040 --> 01:08:13.920
What they've been working on so I had to switch 
up my thoughts it's just trying to reproduce it  

01:08:14.580 --> 01:08:18.120
just see if I can hear from a deny it 
so working with their data was really  

01:08:18.120 --> 01:08:21.360
hard and like I've never been able to 
achieve the same data that they achieved  

01:08:23.160 --> 01:08:27.180
that was a great comment it's almost like I 
planted you Muhammad thank you very much oh  

01:08:27.180 --> 01:08:31.740
that was great no this is I think that this is 
a very common situation you're you're interested  

01:08:31.740 --> 01:08:35.940
you've found some research you're really excited 
about you want to see if it you can you can use  

01:08:35.940 --> 01:08:40.740
it as a foundation for the work you're working on 
or compare against results that you're getting and  

01:08:40.740 --> 01:08:45.840
it's really challenging uh it's really challenging 
a lot of times the information that's in The  

01:08:45.840 --> 01:08:49.680
Narrative of an article just isn't everything you 
need to know to do this kind of comparison that  

01:08:49.680 --> 01:08:56.100
you were talking about Muhammad so uh it can be 
a very painful process so uh so that goes towards  

01:08:56.100 --> 01:09:00.840
one issue we're sharing data is is technical 
issues what needs to be shared what information  

01:09:00.840 --> 01:09:06.900
do I need to have around this data uh in order for 
other people to use it if I share my own data so  

01:09:06.900 --> 01:09:11.340
that's one issue around sharing data it's a nice 
thing to say we need to share data but we have  

01:09:11.340 --> 01:09:15.360
to think about the issues in doing so so this 
is great that's a great example thank you very  

01:09:15.360 --> 01:09:22.680
much all right so go to the next slide Jay so one 
barrier in Sharing sharing data and doing it well  

01:09:22.680 --> 01:09:27.960
is technical what do we need to share to make the 
data reusable to whom what information experience  

01:09:27.960 --> 01:09:31.440
do that does that person have that's one year 
with these are technical questions that were  

01:09:31.440 --> 01:09:36.420
resolve uh another one is sharing really large 
data sets if the data set's really large I can  

01:09:36.420 --> 01:09:42.960
put up 10 terabyte file on on online until you go 
download it there's my data but you're not getting  

01:09:42.960 --> 01:09:47.460
a 10 terabyte file downloaded unless you're 
unless you're on a much faster Network than I am  

01:09:47.460 --> 01:09:52.080
so there are other technical issues around we 
need to address there are legal issues around  

01:09:52.080 --> 01:09:56.100
sharing your data and Heather Heather just have 
mentioned some of these but I'll just use one  

01:09:56.100 --> 01:10:02.160
example of sharing human subjects data we're doing 
data that came from Human participants surveys or  

01:10:02.160 --> 01:10:08.040
clinical trials uh generally that data is shared 
with the assumption that it's not gonna the data  

01:10:08.040 --> 01:10:12.420
is given to us allowed we're allowed to collect 
it with the Assumption it's not going to be shared  

01:10:12.420 --> 01:10:19.260
further that these people's confidentiality is 
not going to be violated and so how do we share  

01:10:19.260 --> 01:10:24.420
that legally we can't share it that way we have 
to we could ask for consent when we do the data  

01:10:24.420 --> 01:10:29.940
collection we can look at ways to de-identify the 
data remove identifiers but there are concerns  

01:10:29.940 --> 01:10:34.980
about how well we can do that and make sure the 
data is not re-identifiable so there's concerns  

01:10:34.980 --> 01:10:39.060
there there are legal instruments we can use to 
share this kind of data like data use agreements  

01:10:39.060 --> 01:10:44.160
but who wants to add a legal process on top of 
these things that involves more time and effort  

01:10:44.160 --> 01:10:51.840
so there can be legal barriers to sharing data 
uh cultural issues uh in some cases there it  

01:10:51.840 --> 01:10:57.180
was in some areas of research scholarships 
science uh data sharing has been occurring  

01:10:57.180 --> 01:11:02.220
for a very long time so around big science I 
use the term big science here uh multi-million  

01:11:02.220 --> 01:11:07.200
dollar experiments or very large instruments 
typically there's been an understanding that  

01:11:07.200 --> 01:11:12.840
data generated in those courses in the course of 
that kind of research would be shared within the  

01:11:12.840 --> 01:11:17.760
community that that funds it so astronomy is a 
good example of a discipline where data sharing  

01:11:17.760 --> 01:11:23.400
is occurred a lot environmental Sciences in some 
cases have have very large experiments where the  

01:11:23.400 --> 01:11:29.580
data will be shared but a lot of research is done 
in small teams you know very small teams a pi a  

01:11:29.580 --> 01:11:34.140
couple of graduate students maybe a couple of a 
couple of professors getting together and data  

01:11:34.140 --> 01:11:39.300
sharing like that through from from groups like 
that that's a new thing the idea that we should  

01:11:39.300 --> 01:11:45.060
we should share data like that is new and you 
know academics are not academic practices by  

01:11:45.060 --> 01:11:50.160
definition are not are not Progressive they're 
tend to be very conservative so that's something  

01:11:50.160 --> 01:11:54.360
that'll take a little while to change and then in 
some disciplines this is not a thing you know the  

01:11:54.360 --> 01:11:58.980
idea of sharing the data underlying research is a 
new idea and it's going to take a while for people  

01:11:58.980 --> 01:12:04.080
to get comfortable with the idea and figure out 
how to do it uh amidst all the other complications  

01:12:05.700 --> 01:12:10.740
and of course in the end here this all costs 
money developing infrastructure to share data  

01:12:10.740 --> 01:12:14.940
and share other output share software once 
we figure out how to do it it's going to  

01:12:14.940 --> 01:12:20.880
take people Personnel digital infrastructure 
and so where is that going to come from we may  

01:12:20.880 --> 01:12:24.900
come from the federal government because they're 
pushing pushing requirements further but that is  

01:12:24.900 --> 01:12:29.580
the question where your institutions come in 
where do you Publishers come in you're a lot  

01:12:29.580 --> 01:12:34.440
of good questions sir so last things we need to 
consider we're trying to share data more widely  

01:12:34.440 --> 01:12:40.440
uh next slide please now for you graduate 
students you're not going to change the research  

01:12:40.440 --> 01:12:46.140
infrastructure free research Enterprise today 
uh what can you do uh uh I would say basically  

01:12:46.140 --> 01:12:52.980
follows these two acronyms aimed for fair data and 
trustworthy repositories so uh trying to create  

01:12:52.980 --> 01:12:59.760
data that is findable accessible interoperable 
and reusable so fair nice little acronym to  

01:12:59.760 --> 01:13:05.940
remember and deposit it in repositories that are 
trustworthy so this is a little harder for you to  

01:13:05.940 --> 01:13:11.700
read I understand but but repositories that have 
properties of transparency uh responsibility to  

01:13:11.700 --> 01:13:18.480
the data that they're they're stewarding Focus 
to the users they're sustainable and they have  

01:13:18.480 --> 01:13:22.980
a view on technology the the first principles 
are a little newer idea than the fair principles  

01:13:22.980 --> 01:13:28.980
which have been around for eight years now six 
years uh so two little acronyms to remember so  

01:13:28.980 --> 01:13:32.400
when you're creating a data associated with your 
research see about depositing in the repository  

01:13:32.400 --> 01:13:39.060
to share it more widely when you can and making 
that data Fair and uh Heather I've already already  

01:13:39.060 --> 01:13:44.700
used this kind of acronym a little uh the little 
slogan here at the bottom but I'll I'll say here  

01:13:44.700 --> 01:13:51.600
as open as possible and as closed as necessary 
so making making data sharing the default that  

01:13:51.600 --> 01:13:57.720
data should be widely accessible as as it can but 
acknowledging that there will be some barriers for  

01:13:57.720 --> 01:14:02.640
for doing so that maybe we can't share data that 
comes from Human subjects human participants or  

01:14:02.640 --> 01:14:07.080
data that's associated with natural security 
that that's true for some of our data that  

01:14:07.080 --> 01:14:11.700
comes out of our engineering school uh but the 
default should be that this data should be made  

01:14:11.700 --> 01:14:16.680
accessible to others because it furthers furthers 
our research Enterprise it's good for everybody  

01:14:18.000 --> 01:14:25.020
all right now next slide please to help you do 
that here like Virginia Tech we do a couple of  

01:14:25.020 --> 01:14:30.480
things we uh we run a data repository so this 
is separate from VTEC works we just heard about  

01:14:30.480 --> 01:14:35.340
veto works for Philip we're at a separate data 
repository at leaning the Virginia Tech data  

01:14:35.340 --> 01:14:41.340
repository and we can use that to help you share 
your data make it make it widely accessible link  

01:14:41.340 --> 01:14:46.800
it to your Publications uh and help you work 
on documenting it a little bit better when  

01:14:46.800 --> 01:14:51.180
we share it you as graduate students all have 
active accounts on the on the repository you  

01:14:51.180 --> 01:14:56.220
can log in and and upload your data when you're 
ready to share it and we can talk to you about  

01:14:56.220 --> 01:15:01.020
the publishing it that's one way one one Avenue 
you can use when you when you get to that point  

01:15:01.020 --> 01:15:06.660
in your research studies uh down at the bottom 
here also mention the registry research data  

01:15:06.660 --> 01:15:13.620
repositories our E3 data this is a tool uh out 
of the out of Europe that is a good registry of I  

01:15:13.620 --> 01:15:19.500
think around now 2 000 separate data repositories 
around the world uh in different disciplines and  

01:15:19.500 --> 01:15:24.600
in other places as I can search on to see if you 
can find repositories that you might deposit your  

01:15:24.600 --> 01:15:31.560
data in and also a place where you might find data 
that is useful to you it's also possible to find a  

01:15:31.560 --> 01:15:36.960
repository that's relevant to your research and 
we can help you consider archiving options when  

01:15:36.960 --> 01:15:42.180
you when you come to us we can help you figure out 
where you might want to deposit your data and how  

01:15:42.180 --> 01:15:50.220
to do it so such a true data are in fact Fair next 
slide next last slide so for helpful sharing data  

01:15:50.220 --> 01:15:55.860
openly and uh and all things research data I I 
have many colleagues work in data services you  

01:15:55.860 --> 01:16:01.680
can contact us at dataservices vt.edu we'll help 
you consider about ways to share your data also  

01:16:01.680 --> 01:16:08.220
can help with planning for good data management uh 
help with methodologies and Analysis depending on  

01:16:08.220 --> 01:16:12.900
the discipline we do a lot kind of things that 
can help help you out with your research we're  

01:16:12.900 --> 01:16:19.860
here to help so at the last little image here is 
is about um and also run a run a class of one a  

01:16:19.860 --> 01:16:25.140
one credit eight week class through to graduate 
school grad 5024 which will run in the spring  

01:16:25.140 --> 01:16:29.220
about data management skills and to give you 
some time to think about these kind of things  

01:16:29.220 --> 01:16:35.340
more deeply if you are interested so feel free 
to to look that up as well and I will stop there

01:16:38.280 --> 01:16:41.760
I'm gonna answer your questions we 
have time for a couple of questions

01:16:44.820 --> 01:16:45.320
okay

01:16:48.540 --> 01:16:55.200
uh did you want to go ahead and ask your question 
that you put in the chat sure I I can do that um  

01:16:55.200 --> 01:17:00.960
uh being in the social sciences obviously we 
have a little less federally funded work than  

01:17:00.960 --> 01:17:08.400
the hard Sciences might um uh so how often does 
does non-federally funded work go into the data  

01:17:08.400 --> 01:17:15.660
data repository uh and and do you guys uh what is 
often done with qualitative data in these kind of  

01:17:15.660 --> 01:17:23.100
situations all right great question thank you 
Brian um we the often the driver Free People  

01:17:23.100 --> 01:17:30.180
publishing data in our repository is the uh a 
journal requirement or a funder requirement but  

01:17:30.180 --> 01:17:33.360
it also I want to specifically focus on the 
journal requirement in this case because so  

01:17:33.360 --> 01:17:38.280
some some social research and some professional 
societies have gotten really excited about data  

01:17:38.280 --> 01:17:43.260
sharing and want to see it happen for social 
science research uh political science uh aps-c  

01:17:43.260 --> 01:17:47.760
I believe is the name of the I'm probably messing 
it up the professional political science uh  

01:17:47.760 --> 01:17:52.860
professional Society has a has an agreement with 
the odim Institute UNC to share all their data  

01:17:53.940 --> 01:17:58.680
um there's also a repository called icpsr 
interview Consortium for political and  

01:17:58.680 --> 01:18:03.480
social research another place for a lot of uh 
social science and political research goes and  

01:18:03.480 --> 01:18:08.160
actually that's the oldest one of the oldest data 
archives around it's been around since 1960s they  

01:18:08.160 --> 01:18:13.200
were sharing tape drives in the mail so is this 
kind of thing has been done for quite some time  

01:18:14.100 --> 01:18:20.340
um so with regards to qualitative data with 
you know interviews uh coding of interviews  

01:18:20.340 --> 01:18:26.460
and whatnot uh this stuff can can be shared 
just as well just as well as others uh there  

01:18:26.460 --> 01:18:31.920
and and there are some fun federal agencies that 
request that this kind of information shared  

01:18:32.820 --> 01:18:37.680
um potential science has been a place where there 
has been a real push for this kind of thing and  

01:18:37.680 --> 01:18:42.180
um there are also repositories I'll talk 
a lot about open data here there are also  

01:18:42.180 --> 01:18:47.160
repositories icpsr is one that uh allow 
restricted access to to data where it's  

01:18:47.160 --> 01:18:51.900
really challenging to de-identify it uh but 
they're still at use a need for the the data  

01:18:51.900 --> 01:18:56.760
to be shared within the community they can have 
a vetting process to to show that kind of data  

01:18:56.760 --> 01:19:00.240
so I was a little bit of rambly there but 
hopefully I got to get some information  

01:19:00.240 --> 01:19:04.860
it certainly occurs qualitative data in social 
science data are certainly part in the mix here  

01:19:06.600 --> 01:19:11.340
so Jonathan do they get is there a DOI or 
some record that you can point to and put  

01:19:11.340 --> 01:19:17.340
in your CV and things like that yes uh well for 
a good repository uh you know there are many out  

01:19:17.340 --> 01:19:22.080
there this is a this is an emerging emerging 
ecosystem but yes for our repository and for  

01:19:22.080 --> 01:19:28.500
other good ones you will get a DOI for your data 
set and then you have a DOI for your manuscript  

01:19:28.500 --> 01:19:33.720
or your pre-print and the two can both point to 
each other such that you can link up the data to  

01:19:33.720 --> 01:19:40.800
the to the manuscript and vice versa and you could 
also have the data set VA salable object on your  

01:19:40.800 --> 01:19:47.880
CV or manuscript discuss how many times it was 
viewed and downloaded um and yeah just another  

01:19:47.880 --> 01:19:52.980
research object is something we'd all like to see 
in data that other things apart from manuscripts  

01:19:52.980 --> 01:19:59.100
are elevated to be first class research objects 
it's not just all about manuscripts anymore so yes

01:20:01.380 --> 01:20:10.560
all right thank you Jonathan and our last 
talk uh on open educational Resources by  

01:20:10.560 --> 01:20:18.540
Kayla McNabb all right thank you so 
much Peter um so we've talked about  

01:20:19.740 --> 01:20:23.700
um bits and pieces of what we're going 
to get into in this section so you'll  

01:20:23.700 --> 01:20:31.260
hear some callbacks for sure um but 
um so let's start with what are oers

01:20:37.500 --> 01:20:43.260
um so starting at the beginning objects uh are 
created for educational purposes as you might  

01:20:43.260 --> 01:20:48.300
imagine open educational resources but similar 
to some of the other things we've talked about  

01:20:48.300 --> 01:20:54.480
right these are freely available typically that's 
online um there may be a cost in order to get a  

01:20:54.480 --> 01:21:01.800
printed physical version of an oer um they are 
openly licensed so users can read reuse revised  

01:21:01.800 --> 01:21:10.020
retain remix and or redistribute uh these items 
and they come in many different types of formats  

01:21:10.020 --> 01:21:15.900
uh some of the most common that you run into 
would be textbooks videos handouts software  

01:21:16.980 --> 01:21:23.220
um but really anything that can be used to support 
educational purposes could potentially fall under  

01:21:23.220 --> 01:21:31.620
this umbrella so how are they different oer 
and Open Access so oer is generally related  

01:21:31.620 --> 01:21:36.900
to teaching learning like you said whereas Open 
Access is commonly related to scholarly outputs  

01:21:36.900 --> 01:21:41.280
right so that's all of what we've been talking 
about works so that could be books articles  

01:21:41.280 --> 01:21:48.180
videos data that could be your results your 
methodologies um but you can also find more  

01:21:48.180 --> 01:21:53.400
information in this handout that our colleague 
India walls put together about differentiating  

01:21:53.400 --> 01:21:59.160
between Open Access and open educational resources 
so that gives some really kind of Hands-On side  

01:21:59.160 --> 01:22:04.320
by side that looks like and you just put it in 
the chat as well for those online um so I would  

01:22:04.320 --> 01:22:08.880
definitely encourage you to check that out because 
it gives you a lot of the um the terminology that  

01:22:08.880 --> 01:22:15.300
are really helpful as you dig into this world so 
we looked at Connor different how are they related  

01:22:16.560 --> 01:22:21.720
um so they're both always free and accessible 
without restriction like Phil was talking about  

01:22:21.720 --> 01:22:27.780
so you have to be able to get to them not behind 
a paywall um there are often resources available  

01:22:27.780 --> 01:22:33.600
to help you create both types so we talked about 
suspension fund for Open Access there are often  

01:22:33.600 --> 01:22:39.120
different types of grants that you can get 
for creating oer and Open Access materials  

01:22:39.120 --> 01:22:44.700
can be used in classes so in that way they are 
similar to oer and it can be supporting learning  

01:22:45.480 --> 01:22:50.040
um and oer are considered Open Access so we'll 
look at how that overlaps here in just a second  

01:22:50.700 --> 01:22:57.660
public domain and cc0 as a couple of extremely 
permissive licenses that might be on oer  

01:22:58.560 --> 01:23:04.980
um and then we'll dive into those Creative Commons 
licenses that fill up alluded to earlier so  

01:23:04.980 --> 01:23:12.600
getting kind of this broad picture of Licensing 
uh public domain like I said those are the most  

01:23:12.600 --> 01:23:19.200
permissive you don't have to say where you got 
it from or who created it you can just use it uh  

01:23:19.200 --> 01:23:26.280
and then we get into some attribution licenses so 
the CC buy that extremely uh common and still very  

01:23:26.280 --> 01:23:32.460
permissive uh Creative Commons license just means 
you have to get attribution you can still make all  

01:23:32.460 --> 01:23:37.980
kinds of changes to it um you can make money off 
of it but you do have to say where you got it from  

01:23:37.980 --> 01:23:44.340
then we get into a little bit more restrictions 
we've got CC by share a like um and after that  

01:23:44.340 --> 01:23:52.980
CC by NC um so that is share like means whatever 
license you put on there people who want to adapt  

01:23:52.980 --> 01:23:59.580
your creation have to use that same license and 
then non-commercial uh like we mentioned earlier

01:24:01.860 --> 01:24:05.220
uh and then we've got some versions where 
we're adding some of those pieces together  

01:24:05.220 --> 01:24:12.240
so attribution plus non-commercial plus share 
alike and uh attribution plus no derivatives  

01:24:12.240 --> 01:24:19.560
which means you can't make any changes to it so um 
you know you could make money off of it you could  

01:24:19.560 --> 01:24:24.900
incorporate it into uh things that you've created 
but you can't make any changes to that core text  

01:24:26.220 --> 01:24:33.000
um or artifact if we're using maybe a bigger 
umbrella term um and then we start combining  

01:24:33.000 --> 01:24:39.180
those so attribution not a commercial no 
derivatives and then the least permissive  

01:24:39.180 --> 01:24:47.520
something that's under copyright but is available 
for free online so that is um not going to support  

01:24:47.520 --> 01:24:54.000
those five bars that we've talked about 
so two clicks uh so all of those can be  

01:24:54.000 --> 01:25:02.160
open access but only those first five are really 
within the spirit of open educational resources  

01:25:03.660 --> 01:25:11.580
so just a couple of uh visual organizers for 
us to keep in mind as you're out in the Wilds  

01:25:11.580 --> 01:25:17.820
of the internet looking for resources this 
shows you the most open to the least open  

01:25:17.820 --> 01:25:23.940
the uh the different types of licenses that we 
just went through and then the right hand side  

01:25:23.940 --> 01:25:30.060
here shows you the different icons that will 
be showing up for those different licenses

01:25:32.280 --> 01:25:38.040
all right so if we wanted you though we are how 
do we even do that that um all the licenses still  

01:25:38.040 --> 01:25:43.860
allow for fair use in your teaching so if you have 
questions about fair use definitely reach out to  

01:25:43.860 --> 01:25:50.100
folks in the library we have some really great 
resources on that um but just to put that at ease  

01:25:50.820 --> 01:25:56.820
can still be used on repair use um you can 
check any resources that you find to see what  

01:25:56.820 --> 01:26:01.980
the license permits so as soon as you go out and 
start looking for oer definitely want to make sure  

01:26:01.980 --> 01:26:07.020
if it doesn't allow for derivative so you're not 
making any changes to the core content those kinds  

01:26:07.020 --> 01:26:12.840
of things um remember that all Creative Commons 
licenses do require attribution so you want to  

01:26:12.840 --> 01:26:19.200
know where you got something from and be able to 
point back to it and ideally oer should allow for  

01:26:19.200 --> 01:26:26.340
as many of those five bars as possible so less 
restrictive is better like John said like we all  

01:26:26.340 --> 01:26:34.260
say open is better uh reuse revise retain remix 
and redistribute remember your five hours as much  

01:26:35.280 --> 01:26:39.540
um kind of taking advantage of as many of those 
artists as possible because what we're really  

01:26:39.540 --> 01:26:47.280
hoping for earlier are next so how do we find that 
oer there are some different approaches depending  

01:26:47.280 --> 01:26:52.740
on what they're looking for so for learning 
objects lesson plans until about a couple places  

01:26:52.740 --> 01:26:57.960
I can point you to would be oer Commons which is 
linked all of these things obviously are linked  

01:26:57.960 --> 01:27:05.460
to the slides um so there are many different 
disciplines of uh learning objects various types  

01:27:05.460 --> 01:27:14.400
of oer Commons and you can look based on different 
um levels so if you're say working with various uh  

01:27:14.400 --> 01:27:21.120
K-12 groups or something like that you can search 
based on that which is really great uh here at  

01:27:21.120 --> 01:27:27.300
Virginia Tech we have a learning object repository 
based in the library it's called Odyssey uh so if  

01:27:27.300 --> 01:27:33.780
you're looking for resources about um fundamentals 
of doing research or information literacy or  

01:27:33.780 --> 01:27:40.080
digital literacy um that's a really great place 
to get some resources uh and then the last one  

01:27:40.080 --> 01:27:46.380
we have links there is the MIT open courseware 
uh website so they've offered for many years now  

01:27:47.160 --> 01:27:54.840
um a lot of open courses um so that includes lots 
of video content um there's really high quality I  

01:27:54.840 --> 01:28:01.020
would definitely encourage you to reach uh reach 
out to those questions and then like I said before  

01:28:01.020 --> 01:28:06.600
textbooks open textbooks are often what folks 
think of when they think of oer um and two great  

01:28:06.600 --> 01:28:12.660
places to look for open textbooks in addition to 
our publishing website and libraries uh would be  

01:28:12.660 --> 01:28:19.620
openstacks or the open textbook Library um 
so the open textbook library is really great  

01:28:19.620 --> 01:28:27.240
because there are um reviews from folks within the 
individual disciplines of the books that are there  

01:28:27.840 --> 01:28:33.660
um and you can potentially contribute to those 
reviews as uh folks within your field and that's  

01:28:33.660 --> 01:28:41.760
really helpful for folks who want to adopt 
oer next you could also create OVR yourself  

01:28:43.260 --> 01:28:49.440
um so after the new tech we've uh published 
several textbooks um one that we'd like to  

01:28:49.440 --> 01:28:54.240
point to is our fundamentals of the business so 
it's an entire Edition that was published in 2020  

01:28:54.240 --> 01:29:02.100
that is available under a cc by NCSA license 
uh because this is share a like license that's  

01:29:02.100 --> 01:29:07.200
the license that there was before so that's why 
we have to maintain a more restrictive license  

01:29:08.280 --> 01:29:14.940
um it is free in digital and it is printed at 
cost and shipping so if students want to have  

01:29:14.940 --> 01:29:21.840
a physical copy of that book they can um is 
at cost um also we collaborated with Batman  

01:29:21.840 --> 01:29:29.280
to create some learning models as we have a dog 
model and a cow model that you can see in VR  

01:29:30.060 --> 01:29:34.500
um and students use that to better understand 
the anatomy of these animals before they get  

01:29:34.500 --> 01:29:41.040
Hands-On with them um which makes everybody 
feel better um so there are some links to  

01:29:41.040 --> 01:29:50.640
those in the notes section of the slides 
as well um yeah next thank you um I love it  

01:29:51.420 --> 01:29:57.420
um open educational practices so we want to think 
about open education and Beyond just the resources  

01:29:57.420 --> 01:30:04.560
right oer is situated within a broader context 
of open educational practices and these are the  

01:30:04.560 --> 01:30:10.140
practices for teaching and learning that are 
impactful for students and they include using  

01:30:10.140 --> 01:30:15.960
non-disposable assignments so what does that mean 
that means I as the instructor and not the only  

01:30:15.960 --> 01:30:20.880
person who ever sees the paper that a student 
wrote right so you're creating assignments where  

01:30:20.880 --> 01:30:26.220
students are engaging with each other they're 
sharing things out with the community ideally  

01:30:27.420 --> 01:30:31.440
um and invite students to play that sort of 
active role in their learning so that might be  

01:30:32.100 --> 01:30:36.480
um about being self-directed that might be 
about following different aspects of the  

01:30:36.480 --> 01:30:41.820
required curriculum that they're most interested 
in it can look a lot of different ways um and then  

01:30:41.820 --> 01:30:49.740
open pedagogy is one kind of application of these 
open educational practices um that link um on open  

01:30:49.740 --> 01:30:57.000
patio do there goes to an open a book about open 
pedagogy it's really fantastic can't recommend  

01:30:57.960 --> 01:31:02.880
um and then below this we have a couple of links 
to some different examples so first we have some  

01:31:02.880 --> 01:31:11.760
students who took part in um writing a product 
management book for instructional designers so  

01:31:11.760 --> 01:31:17.700
the uh the instructor and that course realized 
that there wasn't a good resource for students  

01:31:17.700 --> 01:31:22.440
in that area kind of specifically within their 
context and so what they did was work with the  

01:31:22.440 --> 01:31:27.540
students in the class to kind of break out these 
different pieces of what they felt like students  

01:31:27.540 --> 01:31:32.520
in the future would need to know they wrote 
those chapters and then it became a book so  

01:31:33.060 --> 01:31:37.140
um they were able to process that and learn 
from each other but also there's a resource  

01:31:37.140 --> 01:31:42.060
that's available for others later on um and 
similarly the the last one that's linked there  

01:31:42.060 --> 01:31:47.640
is for students who collected ct0 literature so 
early American literature is out of copyright  

01:31:48.540 --> 01:31:53.580
um but I don't know how recently you've tried 
to read early American literature but it is not  

01:31:53.580 --> 01:31:59.880
easy uh so if the really helpful students 
that have this kind of supporting texts so  

01:31:59.880 --> 01:32:05.640
a couple paragraphs before that really explain 
the context within which that work was written  

01:32:05.640 --> 01:32:09.000
um and so the open anthology of 
early American literature does have

01:32:11.040 --> 01:32:20.160
all right questions great thank you Kayla so 
um before we open the panel discussion um any  

01:32:20.160 --> 01:32:25.620
questions for Kayla about oer specific to oer 
do you want to raise we have time for one or two

01:32:29.160 --> 01:32:35.400
yeah um how are the people who develop all 
these get I mean other than the fact that we  

01:32:35.400 --> 01:32:40.800
are employees here how do you get compensated for 
the time so one of my professors in the chemistry  

01:32:40.800 --> 01:32:45.180
Department actually wrote a textbook and gave it 
to all of us for free and I just kind of wondered  

01:32:45.180 --> 01:32:49.920
like how he's been compensated for that enormous 
amount of time that goes into those materials  

01:32:49.920 --> 01:32:58.440
for sure that's an excellent question um money is 
very important um so it looks different ways but  

01:32:59.400 --> 01:33:04.860
um there are different um 
Grant programs so depending on  

01:33:05.940 --> 01:33:12.360
um you know what discipline you're in there may be 
more or less funding for those kind of textbooks  

01:33:13.020 --> 01:33:18.540
um if it's something that may have a broader 
appeal than a textbook then there's also  

01:33:18.540 --> 01:33:25.200
different organizations of the published 
open monographs um so um BT publishing here  

01:33:25.200 --> 01:33:32.040
does various types of publishing uh and Anita 
would love to know more about your professor  

01:33:32.040 --> 01:33:38.760
in chemistry uh and he she works directly 
with um with all of our textbook uh authors  

01:33:39.780 --> 01:33:47.040
um am I gonna get him in trouble no no more we we 
want to support um yeah so we we love to be able  

01:33:47.040 --> 01:33:52.440
to to connect with folks who want to do that kind 
of work because you're very right it is hard work  

01:33:53.340 --> 01:33:58.020
um and it's something where um I know we've 
talked a little bit about it in a couple of  

01:33:58.020 --> 01:34:04.800
different contexts that we're working toward it 
being more recognized in like 10-year promotion  

01:34:04.800 --> 01:34:11.640
processes but it's still we're still getting there 
right so all the time and effort that it takes to  

01:34:11.640 --> 01:34:17.280
write a textbook that could impact maybe tens of 
thousands or hundreds of thousands of students  

01:34:18.060 --> 01:34:26.160
um isn't necessarily seen on the same level as a 
book that's going to be sold for 45 you know so  

01:34:26.880 --> 01:34:30.660
it's it is a challenge but there is 
they're responding through different  

01:34:30.660 --> 01:34:35.820
universities but also through organizations 
um like in the federal government and Beyond

01:34:38.820 --> 01:34:39.600
anything else

01:34:43.080 --> 01:34:51.900
all right so um thank you very much Kayla um so 
what we want to do now is um open it up for kind  

01:34:51.900 --> 01:35:00.600
of discussion about anything we've talked about 
tonight so one way to start one way to get this  

01:35:00.600 --> 01:35:08.700
started I think is I have a question for our two 
deans here to um from your own personal experience  

01:35:09.840 --> 01:35:16.200
um with with Open Access and the move towards 
open how have you seen it over the course of your  

01:35:16.200 --> 01:35:26.880
careers changing do you see it do you see momentum 
working towards open and a greater Embrace of it  

01:35:28.140 --> 01:35:30.720
um either of you can start off

01:35:32.940 --> 01:35:40.680
okay I'll go first so um I should preface this by 
saying that um I'm this uh in December we'll be  

01:35:40.680 --> 01:35:48.180
celebrating 30 years after my PhD so um it's been 
30 years uh so I have seen quite a bit of change  

01:35:49.440 --> 01:35:57.600
um and um I do um and as was mentioned I'm 
in psychology and cognitive psychology in  

01:35:57.600 --> 01:36:03.360
particular and cognitive psychology and kind of 
science has very much embraced uh the um open  

01:36:03.360 --> 01:36:11.820
data in particular um but there are some um uh 
some difficulties that we've been running into  

01:36:11.820 --> 01:36:18.360
I think in the field in Psychology in particular 
and the first is that some of the journals are um  

01:36:18.360 --> 01:36:24.420
has has not been mentioned tonight are predatory 
that they will publish anything if you pay them  

01:36:25.380 --> 01:36:32.940
um and um and so that's a little disappointing and 
difficult for students to navigate sometimes and  

01:36:32.940 --> 01:36:40.860
even I've been caught in the um the track one time 
we did I had I had a student who submitted a um uh  

01:36:40.860 --> 01:36:45.600
something for a book chapter but it turned out 
that they then charged us a lot of money for it  

01:36:45.600 --> 01:36:53.340
so it was a bad experience um what we've found is 
that some of the journals that started out being  

01:36:53.940 --> 01:36:58.860
um what we thought was going to be okay um 
and I'll I'll call out Frontiers in Psychology  

01:36:58.860 --> 01:37:05.760
they started out being very um very good and 
prestigious and it's just been going downhill  

01:37:06.300 --> 01:37:12.780
um so there's been lots of really bad um comments 
about that particular journal and it's turning  

01:37:12.780 --> 01:37:19.920
people off I think a little bit since going that 
way yeah yeah it started out as an away thing and  

01:37:19.920 --> 01:37:28.620
then just stop being rare bigger um and then the 
other thing is [Music] um that there have been  

01:37:30.180 --> 01:37:39.360
some people who appear to have taken the open data 
thing as a um a way to um say catch up to people  

01:37:39.360 --> 01:37:45.720
and they've taken their careers to go and dig 
through other people's data and and show that the  

01:37:46.380 --> 01:37:53.640
um the data were not properly analyzed or or 
whatever and so there's been a lot of um negative  

01:37:54.540 --> 01:38:02.160
um comments uh where someone says well you you're 
lying and cheating in these particular data so  

01:38:02.160 --> 01:38:09.420
um so there are some um some negatives to it but 
overall I think that um particularly the open data  

01:38:09.420 --> 01:38:18.180
and I would love it if there's been a lot of um uh 
the qualitative data actually is that gets um out  

01:38:18.180 --> 01:38:23.820
into the world because that can be analyzed again 
and again for different things um to ask different  

01:38:23.820 --> 01:38:30.660
questions particularly during the pandemic um and 
I don't think my previous Universe would be then  

01:38:31.560 --> 01:38:39.960
um I was I'm very hard to Commitment students 
that they can use uh previous Club previously  

01:38:39.960 --> 01:38:44.280
collected data that are out there in the world 
who've been in the instrument amount of data  

01:38:44.280 --> 01:38:50.760
collected already and so you should be able to 
um to use that data in your in your research to  

01:38:50.760 --> 01:38:55.260
make hypotheses and test hypotheses you don't 
have to collect your own data all the time  

01:38:56.220 --> 01:39:02.940
um that I think is uh an uphill con but I 
think we will get there that the people will  

01:39:02.940 --> 01:39:06.780
be starting to use publicly available 
databases to do a lot of data analysis

01:39:09.120 --> 01:39:15.840
I don't know gosh where to start um 
I've published openly a lot myself  

01:39:17.040 --> 01:39:22.980
most I think well actually all my Publications 
that are open are in a repository uh either  

01:39:22.980 --> 01:39:29.820
here or my former institution Georgia Tech maybe a 
few other places uh a lot of my presentations are  

01:39:29.820 --> 01:39:36.600
available so I've always tried to practice that I 
think in my own working perspective I think I was  

01:39:37.560 --> 01:39:45.900
um it's about 2005. excuse me uh someone from the 
National Science Foundation gave a presentation on  

01:39:45.900 --> 01:39:52.680
open data and how the NSF was looking at 
how to promote that idea or encourage it  

01:39:53.460 --> 01:40:01.020
and I was just kind of Thunderstruck from that 
moment it's 2022 and I still deal with open data  

01:40:01.020 --> 01:40:04.740
policy matters and going to 
conferences writing about it  

01:40:05.400 --> 01:40:10.320
so it's really been I think a big a 
big deal there's a lot of technical  

01:40:11.160 --> 01:40:16.740
concerns about how to do it well it's easy to say 
well throw it in a positive question no you know  

01:40:16.740 --> 01:40:23.580
yeah how do you find it how do you use it be able 
to meditate if you have you know meteorological  

01:40:23.580 --> 01:40:31.620
data do you have metadata that tells you you know 
the date and time of day the data was taken do you  

01:40:31.620 --> 01:40:38.160
have information about uh the you know the time 
of day the temperature at the time the level of  

01:40:38.160 --> 01:40:46.380
community there's a lot of metadata it's needed 
to really document a wide variety of research data  

01:40:46.380 --> 01:40:51.840
and if that's missing it's really hard to use it I 
remember being in one one meeting actually at the  

01:40:51.840 --> 01:40:59.100
center of urban science which is Charlottesville 
and the faculty member said you know I I I can  

01:40:59.100 --> 01:41:04.080
meet the letter of these policies from groups 
like The National Science Foundation I can hand  

01:41:04.080 --> 01:41:10.380
anybody a binary file on a flash drive and you can 
put that in repository it doesn't make it useful  

01:41:10.920 --> 01:41:18.420
and that statement's hung my head for years it's 
like yes I think the letter that that little  

01:41:18.420 --> 01:41:22.740
scenario can mean the letter of a policy but the 
intending the point of these kind of policies  

01:41:23.400 --> 01:41:32.580
is to make research materials shareable data 
part especially uh you need to do that again  

01:41:32.580 --> 01:41:38.820
well documented and be able to use it you 
you have to have certain parameters you know  

01:41:39.780 --> 01:41:45.300
um the uh actually something President Biden has 
worked on and he worked on as vice president it's  

01:41:45.300 --> 01:41:51.840
called the the cancer moonshot an app project 
and which is kind of getting started now it's all  

01:41:51.840 --> 01:41:58.200
about sharing data from researchers on various 
forms of cancer and making data repositories  

01:41:58.200 --> 01:42:05.700
available to the researchers of Interest so this 
you know this issue of sharing data is just to  

01:42:05.700 --> 01:42:13.620
me it just so underlies so much of what we do in 
the academy it it's just it's just kind of amazing  

01:42:15.240 --> 01:42:20.340
um you know I've been involved in building 
repositories and we're both building repository  

01:42:20.340 --> 01:42:27.480
Networks Heather mentioned the U.S repository 
Network I've been involved on that Advisory Board  

01:42:27.480 --> 01:42:34.500
early on that group done a lot of work there so 
it's been interesting to try to go from you know  

01:42:34.500 --> 01:42:42.420
one repository to other repositories tough to 
one another and how do you people get access to  

01:42:42.420 --> 01:42:47.220
that and I think one of the things I've learned 
early on is it's kind of funny to say this as a  

01:42:47.220 --> 01:42:54.600
librarian and an archivist but the metadata is 
pretty poor and that really stops us from being  

01:42:54.600 --> 01:43:00.780
able to harvest a lot and kind of create out a 
mega catalog of a lot of repositories it's done  

01:43:00.780 --> 01:43:09.180
you can do it but the metadata is pretty basic 
because and why is that because everybody who  

01:43:09.180 --> 01:43:14.400
collects wants to kind of do their own metadata so 
some of it's standardized and some of it's not so  

01:43:14.400 --> 01:43:20.160
I'm always preaching about metadata standards is 
Technical and it's back back room as that sounds  

01:43:20.160 --> 01:43:26.520
it's kind of thing that allows us to to share 
and to know what it is we're sharing so maybe  

01:43:26.520 --> 01:43:32.640
I'll stop there I've been involved a lot of the 
building the technical building of repositories

01:43:34.740 --> 01:43:41.460
right um please ask questions if you have 
them um online or in the room I'm curious  

01:43:42.060 --> 01:43:49.140
um Dean super not mentioned um predatory journals 
has anybody had experience with being approached  

01:43:49.140 --> 01:43:55.080
by a publisher and a published and you didn't 
think or you'd have heard in the publisher and  

01:43:55.680 --> 01:44:02.640
have you had any experience like that you have 
to tell us about it um it was a long time ago  

01:44:02.640 --> 01:44:08.760
in undergrad and I just haven't actually no 
it was my Master's thesis in South Carolina  

01:44:08.760 --> 01:44:14.580
and I was really proud of it but I got this 
offer like this is going to be do you want  

01:44:14.580 --> 01:44:20.100
to publish a book it's going to be like explosive 
and it just seemed way too good to be true and um

01:44:20.940 --> 01:44:28.740
so you never got to the point where 
they started asking for money yeah

01:44:28.740 --> 01:44:39.600
once you start publishing or you're doing 
research you will get these kinds of requests  

01:44:39.600 --> 01:44:46.620
and sometimes they look they look normal they 
look I think they'll show an editorial board  

01:44:47.460 --> 01:44:53.160
you think oh what's reputable and what you don't 
know if the if the board is really there I mean  

01:44:53.160 --> 01:44:57.660
it's one of the challenges that's one of the 
things I wanted to ask the panel about just is the  

01:44:58.260 --> 01:45:07.680
you know it's any system is gonna have its 
drawbacks and its weaknesses so with you  

01:45:07.680 --> 01:45:13.980
know regular Journal publishing there's still 
a system can be abused so there's a lot of work  

01:45:13.980 --> 01:45:20.220
I think left to be done in terms of with Open 
Access publishing just regulating the system  

01:45:20.220 --> 01:45:27.660
better but I'm curious to folks on the panel 
have thoughts about just about the predatory  

01:45:27.660 --> 01:45:33.900
journals or the the journals that I mean I 
think this was mentioned earlier about Amgen  

01:45:33.900 --> 01:45:40.200
I know some of the pharmaceutical companies have 
like started their own journals to Greece release  

01:45:40.200 --> 01:45:46.980
their own research that is biased towards what 
they're doing so the system can be can be abused  

01:45:48.480 --> 01:45:51.480
help if you do does that come up in your your work

01:45:56.280 --> 01:45:58.980
um well I think you know that's 
one of the reasons I mentioned the  

01:45:58.980 --> 01:46:02.340
director people open access journals 
because they do such thorough Banning  

01:46:02.940 --> 01:46:06.120
um here in the library we had a lot 
of comments in their embedding process  

01:46:07.800 --> 01:46:13.200
um and like I said it can take months for a new 
Open Access journal and Steve listed there um  

01:46:13.200 --> 01:46:19.860
precisely because there's so much checking in the 
background before it gets listed in there so um  

01:46:19.860 --> 01:46:25.680
I would encourage everyone to use that site um if 
you have questions about a journal you can always  

01:46:25.680 --> 01:46:34.620
ask us to in a library and we'll be happy to learn 
to look at some of those things too and you know  

01:46:34.620 --> 01:46:40.500
that's one of the criteria that we use for our 
suspension fund as well where helping to fund Open  

01:46:40.500 --> 01:46:46.320
Access articles leader check one of the checks 
is directly to open access Terminals and then  

01:46:46.320 --> 01:46:53.280
we we check other memberships as well there's a um 
open access to start early Publishers Association  

01:46:55.260 --> 01:47:02.940
um there's a um association called hope 
which um which is about publishing ethics  

01:47:02.940 --> 01:47:08.400
so it's a good sign when journals are members 
of these groups so we look at things like that  

01:47:10.020 --> 01:47:17.640
um but yeah I I would definitely look to see if 
they are listed in indexes like the unaj and other  

01:47:17.640 --> 01:47:26.520
demographic indexes um but yeah that so this is 
a big problem with the APC model pay uh anyone  

01:47:26.520 --> 01:47:32.520
can set up a journal and start charging people 
and no peer review happens so that's a big issue  

01:47:33.900 --> 01:47:40.980
um so yeah I mean you always have the free 
route to open access too as well if uh a lot  

01:47:40.980 --> 01:47:45.540
of times the co-author or a pi or someone will 
say we really need to publish in this journal  

01:47:46.260 --> 01:47:52.560
and maybe it's a paywall journal subscription 
not only but typically you'll have an option  

01:47:52.560 --> 01:47:57.300
to share that accepted manuscript somewhere 
particularly if you're at an institution with  

01:47:57.300 --> 01:48:03.780
an open access policy so um when you move on to 
another institution and that's something that you  

01:48:03.780 --> 01:48:08.760
should check that you may be able to have a way 
to share your work regardless of what you push

01:48:11.760 --> 01:48:13.440
foreign

01:48:29.700 --> 01:48:36.660
it's not a question it's just a comment 
be thankful to oer resources in general

01:48:40.740 --> 01:48:43.380
I have a question please

01:48:46.320 --> 01:48:47.640
I have a question

01:48:50.880 --> 01:48:56.760
uh yeah thank you so much first of all for this 
uh awesome session and it's very informative  

01:48:57.780 --> 01:49:03.840
um my question is regarding the directory 
of Open Access Journal um actually I tried  

01:49:03.840 --> 01:49:09.060
to look it up and see my field which is a 
school of education instructional design  

01:49:09.060 --> 01:49:15.780
and technology and I was surprised to see only 
four journals that are open access in my field  

01:49:16.560 --> 01:49:23.340
actually I'm more familiar with the ones that are 
not open access in my feed which are Tech Trends  

01:49:23.340 --> 01:49:29.340
and Jade but when I look it up I'm not really sure 
what is the best way how to search for it is it by  

01:49:29.340 --> 01:49:36.180
the title subject keyword or the publisher or 
country or language I only got four journals uh  

01:49:36.180 --> 01:49:42.600
three of which are in English and the other one is 
another in another foreign language and I was just  

01:49:42.600 --> 01:49:50.340
surprised and to see this limited number of um the 
Open Access journals in my field thank you so much

01:49:54.480 --> 01:50:00.900
so you want to tackle that one um so so the 
question is about lack of Open Access journals  

01:50:00.900 --> 01:50:08.220
in your field is that yeah um yeah I mean one 
of the things that doij does have is that it  

01:50:08.220 --> 01:50:15.600
does have a subject search so you can search by 
subject there um but yeah that is an issue um  

01:50:15.600 --> 01:50:24.540
and it's one of the reasons that we pass the open 
access policy here um the reason being that we  

01:50:24.540 --> 01:50:30.360
knew some disciplines didn't have many Open Access 
terminals um in some disciplines you might have  

01:50:30.360 --> 01:50:35.940
open access journals but um you might not like 
them or you might not want to publish in them  

01:50:37.080 --> 01:50:43.920
um you also might be in a discipline where the 
Publishers have no sharing policy at all so in  

01:50:43.920 --> 01:50:50.040
the process of working on this policy we talked 
to faculty in a lot of different disciplines  

01:50:50.940 --> 01:50:56.640
and I remember talking to one in mechanical 
engineering he said here's one Journal that I like  

01:50:56.640 --> 01:51:02.880
to publish in and I looked it up and sure enough 
there was no sharing whatsoever they don't accept  

01:51:02.880 --> 01:51:10.380
preprints you can't share the accepted version 
the published version is behind a paywall and  

01:51:10.380 --> 01:51:15.720
um you know when you sign that copyright transfer 
agreement you literally are transferring ownership  

01:51:15.720 --> 01:51:23.700
to a publisher of that work and whatever rights 
publisher wants to give back it's it's just up  

01:51:23.700 --> 01:51:30.240
to them most Publishers do give some rights back 
in terms of sharing an accepted version or being  

01:51:30.240 --> 01:51:37.020
able to share a preprint but some don't and this 
journal did not so um you know that article would  

01:51:37.020 --> 01:51:45.000
be behind paywall for decades and decades 
without this policy and so this policy uses  

01:51:45.000 --> 01:51:50.880
U.S copyright law to share a non-exclusive 
license with the term with the University  

01:51:51.900 --> 01:51:58.200
prior to that copyright transfer agreement and 
it survives that copyright transfer agreement  

01:51:58.800 --> 01:52:04.260
so now this faculty member can share 
the accepted version of his articles  

01:52:04.800 --> 01:52:10.080
under the open access policy whereas 
before he had zero sharing options  

01:52:11.580 --> 01:52:19.020
so um so yeah just look at all the 
options um and the free ones are the  

01:52:19.020 --> 01:52:24.000
frequently overlooked everyone focuses on 
the Open Access journals many of them have  

01:52:24.660 --> 01:52:30.540
charge big fees and we know that they scale with 
prestige so if you're publishing with nature  

01:52:30.540 --> 01:52:36.840
you might be paying an APC up to ten thousand 
dollars it's getting crazy it's really crazy  

01:52:37.740 --> 01:52:43.020
so I just don't forget about the free options 
don't forget about preparing don't forget about  

01:52:43.020 --> 01:52:50.220
institutional policies where you can share your 
accepted versions so yeah in some Fields the  

01:52:50.220 --> 01:52:56.520
there you are going to be a lack of Open Access 
journals so um yeah we're aware that's an issue  

01:52:57.960 --> 01:53:05.400
so be cautious with free printing um putting your 
um article up before you send it to a journal  

01:53:06.240 --> 01:53:11.700
um because some terms will call that a power 
publication and they won't accept it so just  

01:53:11.700 --> 01:53:18.300
be cautious with that so what I was going 
to say about the open education materials  

01:53:18.300 --> 01:53:27.360
um it's pretty fantastic you can find syllabuses 
and all kinds of um lesson plans and videos and  

01:53:27.360 --> 01:53:33.060
presentations and Powerpoints and things 
like that it's just really awesome um if  

01:53:33.060 --> 01:53:39.000
you're teaching a class you can go down many many 
rabbit holes for a really long periods of time  

01:53:40.080 --> 01:53:49.740
um and then I've just recently been um made more 
aware that um uh sometimes what a professor will  

01:53:49.740 --> 01:53:58.620
do is to download an article or a paper or a book 
and put it on the canvas site um but that sort of  

01:53:58.620 --> 01:54:07.620
takes it away from each individual student 
downloading that and some of the metrics for  

01:54:07.620 --> 01:54:14.340
promotion and tenure and things like that are a 
number of downloads and also for some journals  

01:54:14.340 --> 01:54:22.620
they get there's more money if more people 
download it and so if you are teaching the class  

01:54:22.620 --> 01:54:27.240
rather than getting the article and putting it 
on the canvas site put the link so that everyone  

01:54:27.240 --> 01:54:34.560
has to link to it and download it so that's uh 
actually just a way to credit the author I think

01:54:38.220 --> 01:54:44.220
um I would add that in the social science the 
human the humanities and the social sciences  

01:54:44.220 --> 01:54:50.160
between humanistic social sciences that where 
book publishing is the kind of a point of the  

01:54:50.160 --> 01:54:58.680
realm that open access is has slowly been 
coming to um that area of publishing and  

01:54:58.680 --> 01:55:03.960
there's actually an initiative that Virginia Tech 
is part of called tone which is toward an open  

01:55:03.960 --> 01:55:12.480
monograph ecosystem and that's been a five-year 
pilot to test um Open Access with books and  

01:55:13.260 --> 01:55:21.180
um I've just been looking at the data for the the 
through that it started five years ago published  

01:55:21.180 --> 01:55:28.800
through with the suspensions that made it possible 
for 130 some books to be published open access  

01:55:29.700 --> 01:55:35.700
and I've been collecting the data on the first 
25 books that were published including two  

01:55:35.700 --> 01:55:45.120
from Virginia Tech faculty actually and the the 
statistics are amazing the usage um a book that  

01:55:45.120 --> 01:55:51.960
would be you know a narrow book of historical 
scholarship on a small part of the world that  

01:55:51.960 --> 01:56:00.180
would have been printed maybe 200 300 copies 
sold um the number of downloads well over 2 000  

01:56:00.180 --> 01:56:06.300
on average for these books and you can we can see 
where they're being downloaded they're downloaded  

01:56:07.140 --> 01:56:17.040
across the world it's uh 30 30 plus uh countries 
and institutions downloading those so the just  

01:56:17.040 --> 01:56:24.660
the usage I think has more and more authors in 
the social sciences because it's been it started  

01:56:24.660 --> 01:56:30.720
really open access started in stem fields and I 
think the humanists and social scientists have  

01:56:30.720 --> 01:56:39.360
been slower to the game on this they didn't really 
have to but the more the author's historians and  

01:56:39.360 --> 01:56:45.660
literature Scholars and and political scientists 
sociologists the more they see the results when  

01:56:45.660 --> 01:56:52.020
they publish an article they see how much uptake 
they get um they become much more interested  

01:56:52.020 --> 01:57:01.620
in Open Access so I do think it's a kind of a 
developing um area and I do also think that this  

01:57:01.620 --> 01:57:09.960
new policy the ostp policy is going to have a 
huge impact because not even though a lot of  

01:57:09.960 --> 01:57:17.820
that research is not federally funded if the old 
landscape is moving toward open it's the watchword  

01:57:17.820 --> 01:57:25.140
is going to be open and more the pressure is going 
to be on Publishers to find ways to make that  

01:57:25.140 --> 01:57:31.560
research open so I think the in the trajectory is 
definitely going into right in the right direction  

01:57:32.640 --> 01:57:38.700
so um and the library has an awesome amount 
of books I don't know that they're all open  

01:57:38.700 --> 01:57:45.480
access but you can gain access to as a uh on 
the VT Library some like you can't if you if  

01:57:45.480 --> 01:57:51.600
you're looking for a book check the library first 
because they have some amazing stuff there yeah a  

01:57:51.600 --> 01:57:56.580
lot of times you you might you could see where 
that there's maybe a print edition but if you  

01:57:56.580 --> 01:58:02.640
look further you can see there's a there's a um 
an e-book and sometimes that ebook is is spoken  

01:58:03.600 --> 01:58:07.260
um so we're getting better and better 
at making that research available

01:58:09.540 --> 01:58:13.320
um
okay good

01:58:15.360 --> 01:58:18.660
please go ahead mama

01:58:20.760 --> 01:58:21.480
oh thank you

01:58:26.820 --> 01:58:33.720
uh policy and I can't help but wonder 
why aren't more institutions go in  

01:58:33.720 --> 01:58:41.580
and Implement such policies if it's going to 
help with just the widespreading of knowledge  

01:58:41.580 --> 01:58:49.260
and I uh I can help us also recognize a teacher 
pronounce uh mention that we need to be a little  

01:58:49.260 --> 01:58:53.640
bit more uh like diligent when it comes to 
publishing open journals before giving it to  

01:58:53.640 --> 01:59:00.180
a journal to be published in case that they are 
not accepting anything that's been pre-published  

01:59:00.180 --> 01:59:06.060
so um where should we be looking uh for example 
like if I am right now working on a journal  

01:59:06.060 --> 01:59:11.340
publication and I want to like have a open 
access to start with this version attack but  

01:59:11.340 --> 01:59:16.440
then I'm not sure about what the journal policy 
is where should I be looking exactly for the  

01:59:16.440 --> 01:59:22.980
kind of policies that govern the pre-published 
parts and yeah that's kind of like my question

01:59:24.960 --> 01:59:30.960
more and more institutions uh and actually such 
policies to have more uh open access information  

01:59:30.960 --> 01:59:40.980
out there so you so if you probably know Eddie 
Harvard was the first to have a university-wide  

01:59:40.980 --> 01:59:44.520
policy and there are a lot of universities 
now that happen when you have any sense of  

01:59:44.520 --> 01:59:50.820
the numbers I don't have a good sense of the 
numbers I suspect it's getting close to 100  

01:59:50.820 --> 02:00:00.300
at least in North America US and Canada um but I 
think one of the issues is that most universities  

02:00:02.220 --> 02:00:06.600
um allow authors to keep their 
copyright For Worse that they create  

02:00:08.580 --> 02:00:12.060
um but to get published in a journal 
you have to transfer that copyright  

02:00:12.900 --> 02:00:20.400
and so one of the issues has been um you know 
finding a way to legally have the right to share  

02:00:20.400 --> 02:00:27.840
the successive group and so under U.S copyright 
law back in 2008 Harvard found this part of U.S  

02:00:27.840 --> 02:00:34.320
copyright law that we could use which is sharing 
a non-exclusive license with the university and so  

02:00:34.320 --> 02:00:42.180
um the policies are relatively recent in assets 
uh not much more than 10 years old um and it takes  

02:00:42.180 --> 02:00:49.200
work um you've got to have a core group of people 
getting together you know our policies started  

02:00:49.200 --> 02:00:57.720
way back in early 2017. and it's passed since 
2021 so it takes a lot of Outreach talking to  

02:00:57.720 --> 02:01:03.420
commissions committees faculty Senate all these 
groups making sure that they know what this means  

02:01:05.040 --> 02:01:11.700
um so I think that's why more institutions don't 
have one um we're the only one in Virginia by the  

02:01:11.700 --> 02:01:19.020
way um only institution in Virginia to have 
policy so um yeah I think it takes some work  

02:01:19.860 --> 02:01:25.080
um but more and more are passing policies 
every year so it's getting better in that sense  

02:01:26.040 --> 02:01:32.880
I could just say I came here in 2016 and Philip 
was talking about getting this policy passed and  

02:01:32.880 --> 02:01:39.300
as you said it was what last year so he's been 
just working I mean it takes just sometimes  

02:01:39.900 --> 02:01:43.800
just stick intuitiveness and 
that's what Philip definitely has

02:01:46.140 --> 02:01:56.040
in terms of your question about um depositing 
a preprint I guess um I would uh check with the  

02:01:56.040 --> 02:02:03.780
journal that you were thinking of submitting it 
to um and uh you know what I find is that the more  

02:02:03.780 --> 02:02:10.140
medical journals tend to be a lot more restrictive 
than anything else so cell for example has like a  

02:02:10.140 --> 02:02:16.500
ridiculously crazy thing and they will sometimes 
throw a paper back if they if they think it's too  

02:02:16.500 --> 02:02:24.360
close to the thesis that's been deposited 
in in the repository and so um but uh but  

02:02:24.360 --> 02:02:31.800
most journals aren't that restrictive um but uh 
um I think r5x and things like that are fairly  

02:02:32.400 --> 02:02:39.120
uh they come up in in some of those scans um and 
so I'd be very careful to um to put something  

02:02:39.120 --> 02:02:43.380
before you submit it to the journal I'd be very 
careful about putting it in a public Repository  

02:02:45.180 --> 02:02:50.160
um so people use it uh I think all professors use 
it a lot more than anyone else because they're  

02:02:50.160 --> 02:02:56.820
they're not that bothered by um by Publications 
but yeah there's a resource called Sherpa Romeo  

02:02:56.820 --> 02:03:05.400
that's a good place to go to find policies just 
the policies for journals so that's a another  

02:03:05.400 --> 02:03:11.940
place to look um because it'll kind of give you 
sort of No Nonsense here the here's what each  

02:03:11.940 --> 02:03:20.760
Journal allows or doesn't allow all right we're 
in eight eight oh five so thank everybody for  

02:03:21.720 --> 02:03:29.040
um for being patient this um this evening 
and and joining us I just wanted to say uh  

02:03:29.040 --> 02:03:35.700
a few words of thanks to uh Jay Profit 
who's our I.T extraordinaire Ally Craig  

02:03:35.700 --> 02:03:41.340
it's been working behind the scenes 
here um Anita Walsh who's on online

02:03:43.620 --> 02:03:50.760
yeah she's on sabbatical bunches but she's 
still working away and Nitra East B who was  

02:03:50.760 --> 02:03:56.520
also involved one of my colleagues in um 
developing this so um we really appreciate  

02:03:56.520 --> 02:04:02.580
you being here and please reach out to us if 
you have questions we have copies of of the uh  

02:04:02.580 --> 02:04:07.200
book called I think it's called opening 
knowledge that's a kind of a primer for  

02:04:08.040 --> 02:04:14.880
um doing anything open access here at Virginia 
Tech so please feel free to take one and it's also  

02:04:14.880 --> 02:04:20.940
available online for those of you who are online 
thanks again have a good rest of the semester