Browsing by Author "Carpenter, Ann"

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    Determining the role of natural SARS-CoV-2 infection in the death of domestic pets: 10 cases (2020-2021)
    Carpenter, Ann; Ghai, Ria R.; Gary, Joy; Ritter, Jana M.; Carvallo, Francisco R.; Diel, Diego G.; Martins, Mathias; Murphy, Julia; Schroeder, Betsy A.; Brightbill, Kevin; Tewari, Deepanker; Boger, Lore; Gabel, Julie; Cobb, Robert; Hennebelle, Janemarie; Stanton, James B.; McCullough, Kathryn; Mosley, Yung-Yi C.; Naikare, Hemant K.; Radcliffe, Rachel; Parr, Boyd; Balsamo, Gary; Robbins, Brent; Smith, David; Slavinski, Sally; Williams, Carl; Meckes, Doug; Jones, Dee; Frazier, Tony; Steury, Kelley; Rooney, Jane; Torchetti, Mia; Wendling, Natalie; Currie, Dustin; Behravesh, Casey Barton; Wallace, Ryan M. (2021-11-01)
    OBJECTIVE To establish a pathoepidemiological model to evaluate the role of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the first 10 companion animals that died while infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the US. ANIMALS 10 cats and dogs that tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and died or were euthanized in the US between March 2020 and January 2021. PROCEDURES A standardized algorithm was developed to direct case investigations, determine the necessity of certain diagnostic procedures, and evaluate the role, if any, that SARS-CoV-2 infection played in the animals' course of disease and death. Using clinical and diagnostic information collected by state animal health officials, state public health veterinarians, and other state and local partners, this algorithm was applied to each animal case. RESULTS SARS-CoV-2 was an incidental finding in 8 animals, was suspected to have contributed to the severity of clinical signs leading to euthanasia in 1 dog, and was the primary reason for death for 1 cat. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This report provides the global community with a standardized process for directing case investigations, determining the necessity of certain diagnostic procedures, and determining the clinical significance of SARS-CoV-2 infections in animals with fatal outcomes and provides evidence that SARS-CoV-2 can, in rare circumstances, cause or contribute to death in pets.
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    Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated lesions in exotic and companion animals
    Rotstein, David S.; Peloquin, Sarah; Proia, Kathleen; Hart, Ellen; Lee, Jeongha; Vyhnal, Kristin K.; Sasaki, Emi; Balamayooran, Gayathriy; Asin, Javier; Southard, Teresa L.; Rothfeldt, Laura; Venkat, Heather; Mundschenk, Peter; McDermott, Darby; Crossley, Beate; Ferro, Pamela; Gomez, Gabriel; Henderson, Eileen H.; Narayan, Paul; Paulsen, Daniel B.; Rekant, Steven; Schroeder, Megan E.; Tell, Rachel M.; Torchetti, Mia Kim; Uzal, Francisco A.; Carpenter, Ann; Ghai, Ria (SAGE, 2022-01-18)
    Documented natural infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in exotic and companion animals following human exposures are uncommon. Those documented in animals are typically mild and self-limiting, and infected animals have only infrequently died or been euthanized. Through a coordinated One Health initiative, necropsies were conducted on 5 animals from different premises that were exposed to humans with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. The combination of epidemiologic evidence of exposure and confirmatory real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction testing confirmed infection in 3 cats and a tiger. A dog was a suspect case based on epidemiologic evidence of exposure but tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. Four animals had respiratory clinical signs that developed 2 to 12 days after exposure. The dog had bronchointerstitial pneumonia and the tiger had bronchopneumonia; both had syncytial-like cells with no detection of SARS-CoV-2. Individual findings in the 3 cats included metastatic mammary carcinoma, congenital renal disease, and myocardial disease. Based on the necropsy findings and a standardized algorithm, SARS-CoV-2 infection was not considered the cause of death in any of the cases. Continued surveillance and necropsy examination of animals with fatal outcomes will further our understanding of natural SARS-CoV-2 infection in animals and the potential role of the virus in development of lesions.