Browsing by Author "Government of Brazil"

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  • Biodiversity protection: Tradeable reserve requirements in Brazil
    Government of Brazil (2006-11-07)
    The Forest Code in Brazil requires legal reserves of native or regenerated forest, ranging from 20-80% depending upon locality, on private property. In the past this measure has not been enforced with any regularity. A 1998 regulation would now permit "off-site compensation" where landowners failed to meet the reserve requirements on their own property.
  • Brazil's ICMS Ecológico program to protect Biodiversity
    Government of Brazil (2007-06-07)
    In order to protect on of the world's richest biodiversity areas Brazil has developed the ICMS Ecológico, a tax revenue-sharing method that compensated municipal governments for designating protected areas. The state government is required to distribute 25% of the ICMS (a tax on the sale of goods and services) to the counties, but the states can determine the redistribution criteria on a portion of the funds. Several states have adopted an ecological criterion that looks at the amount of protected areas within the county, the level of protection, and a quality of the resources. The program has been particularly effective in the state of Paraná where the program has been operational since 1992.