Scholarly Works, Fish and Wildlife Conservation

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https://hdl.handle.net/10919/24280
Research articles, presentations, and other scholarship

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Browsing Scholarly Works, Fish and Wildlife Conservation by Department "School of Public and International Affairs"

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    Carnivore–livestock conflicts in Chile: evidence and methods for mitigation
    Rodriguez, Valeska; Poo-Muñoz, Daniela A.; Escobar, Luis E.; Astorga, Francisca; Medina-Vogel, Gonzalo (Berryman Institute, 2019)
    Human population growth and habitat loss have exacerbated human–wildlife conflicts worldwide. We explored trends in human–wildlife conflicts (HWCs) in Chile using scientific and official reports to identify areas and species with higher risk of conflicts and tools available for their prevention and mitigation. The puma (Puma concolor) was considered the most frequent predator; however, fox (Lycalopex spp.) and free-ranging or feral dog (Canis lupus familiaris) attacks were also common. Our results suggest that the magnitude of puma conflicts may be overestimated. Domestic sheep (Ovis spp.) and poultry (Galliformes) were the most common species predated. Livestock losses were widespread across Chile but were highest in San Jose de Maipo, located in central Chile, and Cochrane, La Unión, and Lago Verde in south Chile municipalities. Livestock guardian dogs and the livestock insurance, as a part of the Agriculture Insurance of Chile, were identified as the most promising tools to mitigate HWCs, short- and mid-term, respectively. However, longer-term strategies should focus on improving livestock management through extension (i.e., farmer education) programs for local communities. In Chile, HWCs negatively impact small farmers and wild carnivore populations. An interinstitutional and interdisciplinary strategy integrating input from government and nongovernmental organizations, farmers, and academia is needed to achieve effective carnivore conservation in the long-term.
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    Household-Level Spatiotemporal Patterns of Incidence of Cholera, Haiti, 2011
    Blackburn, Jason K.; Diamond, Ulrica; Kracalik, Ian T.; Widmer, Jocelyn M.; Brown, Will; Morrissey, B. David; Alexander, Kathleen A.; Curtis, Andrew J.; Ali, Afsar; Morris, J. Glenn Jr. (2014-09)
    A cholera outbreak began in Haiti during October, 2010. Spatiotemporal patterns of household-level cholera in Ouest Department showed that the initial clusters tended to follow major roadways; subsequent clusters occurred further inland. Our data highlight transmission pathway complexities and the need for case and household-level analysis to understand disease spread and optimize interventions.