College of Engineering (COE)

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Note: The Department of Biological Systems Engineering is listed within the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences (CALS).

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1 kV GaN-on-Si Quasi-Vertical Schottky Rectifier
Qin, Yuan; Xiao, Ming; Zhang, Ruizhe; Xie, Qingyun; Palacios, Tomás; Wang, Boyan; Ma, Yunwei; Kravchenko, Ivan; Briggs, Dayrl P.; Hensley, Dale K.; Srijanto, Bernadeta R.; Zhang, Yuhao (IEEE, 2023-07)
This work demonstrates quasi-vertical GaN Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) on 6-inch Si substrate with a breakdown voltage (BV) over 1 kV, the highest BV reported in vertical GaN-on-Si SBDs to date. The deep mesa inherently in quasi-vertical devices is leveraged to form a self-aligned edge termination, and the mesa sidewall is covered by the p-type nickel oxide (NiO) as a reduced surface field (RESURF) structure. This novel termination enables a parallel-plane junction electric field of 2.8 MV/cm. The device also shows low turn-on voltage of 0.5 V, and low specific on-resistance of 1.1 m ·cm2. Moreover, the device exhibits excellent overvoltage robustness under the continuous 800 V stress in the unclamped inductive switching test. These results show the good promise of the low-cost vertical GaN-on-Si power diodes.
1 kV Self-Aligned Vertical GaN Superjunction Diode
Ma, Yunwei; Porter, Matthew; Qin, Yuan; Spencer, Joseph; Du, Zhonghao; Xiao, Ming; Wang, Yifan; Kravchenko, Ivan; Briggs, Dayrl P.; Hensley, Dale K.; Udrea, Florin; Tadjer, Marko; Wang, Han; Zhang, Yuhao (IEEE, 2024-01)
This work demonstrates vertical GaN superjunction (SJ) diodes fabricated via a novel self-aligned process. The SJ comprises n-GaN pillars wrapped by the charge-balanced p-type nickel oxide (NiO). After the NiO sputtering around GaN pillars, the self-aligned process exposes the top pillar surfaces without the need for additional lithography or a patterned NiO etching which is usually difficult. The GaN SJ diode shows a breakdown voltage (B V) of 1100 V, a specific on-resistance ( RON) of 0.4 mΩ⋅ cm2, and a SJ drift-region resistance ( Rdr) of 0.13 mΩ⋅ cm2. The device also exhibits good thermal stability with B V retained over 1 kV and RON dropped to 0.3 mΩ⋅ cm2 at 125oC . The trade-off between B V and Rdr is superior to the 1D GaN limit. These results show the promise of vertical GaN SJ power devices. The self-aligned process is applicable for fabricating the heterogeneous SJ based on various wide- and ultra-wide bandgap semiconductors.
10-kV Ga₂O₃ Charge-Balance Schottky Rectifier Operational at 200 ^◦C
Qin, Yuan; Xiao, Ming; Porter, Matthew; Ma, Yunwei; Spencer, Joseph; Du, Zhonghao; Jacobs, Alan G.; Sasaki, Kohei; Wang, Han; Tadjer, Marko; Zhang, Yuhao (IEEE, 2023-08)
This work demonstrates a lateral Ga2O3 Schottky barrier diode (SBD) with a breakdown voltage (BV) over 10 kV, the highest BV reported in Ga2O3 devices to date. The 10 kV SBD shows good thermal stability up to 200◦C, which is among the highest operational temperatures reported in multi-kilovolt Ga2O3 devices. The key device design for achieving such high BV is a reduced surface field (RESURF) structure based on the p-type nickel oxide (NiO), which balances the depletion charges in the n-Ga2O3 channel at high voltage. At BV, the chargebalanced Ga2O3 SBD shows an average lateral electric field (E-field) over 4.7 MV/cm at 25 ◦C and over 3.5 MV/cm at 200◦C, both of which exceed the critical E-field of GaN and SiC. The 10 kV SBD shows a specific on-resistance of 0.27 ·cm2 and a turn-on voltage of 1 V; at 200◦C, the former doubles and the latter reduces to 0.7 V. These results suggest the good potential of Ga2O3 devices for mediumand high-voltage, high-temperature power applications.
18.1% single palladium atom catalysts on mesoporous covalent organic framework for gas phase hydrogenation of ethylene
Kuo, Chun-Te; Lu, Yubing; Arab, Pezhman; Weeraratne, K. Shamara; El-Kaderi, Hani; Karim, Ayman M. (2021-07-21)
Noble metal single-atom catalysts maximize metal utilization and offer opportunities to design heterogeneous catalysts at the molecular scale. Mesoporous covalent organic frameworks provide an ideal support to stabilize metal single atoms with specific ligand configuration similar to a homogeneous catalyst In this work, a high loading of single Pd atoms, 18.1 wt %, on mesoporous imine-linked covalent organic framework was synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for ethylene hydrogenation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and diffuse-reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy of adsorbed CO demonstrate that the Pd is atomically dispersed with a highly homogeneous local coordination. The Pd single atoms are active for hydrogenation of ethylene to ethane at room temperature. The study demonstrates that mesoporous COFs provide a large number of identical metal binding sites that are good candidates for immobilizing metal single atoms and their use in gas-phase catalytic applications.
2D or 3D? How cell motility measurements are conserved across dimensions in vitro and translate in vivo
Galarza, Sualyneth; Kim, Hyuna; Atay, Naciye; Peyton, Shelly R.; Munson, Jennifer M. (2019-11-19)
Cell motility is a critical aspect of several processes, such as wound healing and immunity; however, it is dysregulated in cancer. Current limitations of imaging tools make it difficult to study cell migration in vivo. To overcome this, and to identify drivers from the microenvironment that regulate cell migration, bioengineers have developed 2D (two-dimensional) and 3D (three-dimensional) tissue model systems in which to study cell motility in vitro, with the aim of mimicking elements of the environments in which cells move in vivo. However, there has been no systematic study to explicitly relate and compare cell motility measurements between these geometries or systems. Here, we provide such analysis on our own data, as well as across data in existing literature to understand whether, and which, metrics are conserved across systems. To our surprise, only one metric of cell movement on 2D surfaces significantly and positively correlates with cell migration in 3D environments (percent migrating cells), and cell invasion in 3D has a weak, negative correlation with glioblastoma invasion in vivo. Finally, to compare across complex model systems, in vivo data, and data from different labs, we suggest that groups report an effect size, a statistical tool that is most translatable across experiments and labs, when conducting experiments that affect cellular motility.
2nd Workshop on Multimodal Motion Sickness Detection and Mitigation Methods for Car Journeys - Finding Consensus in the Field
Pöhlmann, Katharina; Al-Taie, Ammar; Li, Gang; Dam, Abhraneil; Wang, Yu-Kai; Wei, Chun-Shu; Papaioannou, Georgios (ACM, 2023-09-18)
The adoption of automated vehicles will be a positive step towards road safety and environmental benefits. However, one major challenge that still exist is motion sickness. The move from drivers to passengers who will engage in non-driving related tasks as well as the potential change in the layout of the car interior that will come with automated vehicles are expected to result in a worsened experience of motion sickness. The previous workshop [18] highlighted the need for consensus on guidelines regarding study design for motion sickness research. Hence, this workshop will develop a guide for motion sickness research through reflection and discussions on the current methodologies used by experts in the field. Further it will build on the knowledge collected from the previous workshop and will thereby facilitate not only new research ideas and fruitful collaborations but also find a consensus in the field in regard to study design and methodologies.
2nd Workshop on Uncertainty Reasoning and Quantification in Decision Making
Zhao, Xujiang; Zhao, Chen; Chen, Feng; Cho, Jin-Hee; Chen, Haifeng (ACM, 2023-08-06)
Uncertainty reasoning and quantification play a critical role in decision making across various domains, prompting increased attention from both academia and industry. As real-world applications become more complex and data-driven, effectively handling uncertainty becomes paramount for accurate and reliable decision making. This workshop focuses on the critical topics of uncertainty reasoning and quantification in decision making. It provides a platform for experts and researchers from diverse backgrounds to exchange ideas on cutting-edge techniques and challenges in this field. The interdisciplinary nature of uncertainty reasoning and quantification, spanning artificial intelligence, machine learning, statistics, risk analysis, and decision science, will be explored. The workshop aims to address the need for robust and interpretable methods for modeling and quantifying uncertainty, fostering reasoning decision-making in various domains. Participants will have the opportunity to share research findings and practical experiences, promoting collaboration and advancing decision-making practices under uncertainty.
A 3-D Finite-Element Minipig Model to Assess Brain Biomechanical Responses to Blast Exposure
Sundaramurthy, Aravind; Kote, Vivek Bhaskar; Pearson, Noah; Boiczyk, Gregory M.; McNeil, Elizabeth M.; Nelson, Allison J.; Subramaniam, Dhananjay Radhakrishnan; Rubio, Jose E.; Monson, Kenneth; Hardy, Warren N.; VandeVord, Pamela J.; Unnikrishnan, Ginu; Reifman, Jaques (Frontiers, 2021-12-17)
Despite years of research, it is still unknown whether the interaction of explosion-induced blast waves with the head causes injury to the human brain. One way to fill this gap is to use animal models to establish “scaling laws” that project observed brain injuries in animals to humans. This requires laboratory experiments and high-fidelity mathematical models of the animal head to establish correlates between experimentally observed blast-induced brain injuries and model-predicted biomechanical responses. To this end, we performed laboratory experiments on Göttingen minipigs to develop and validate a three-dimensional (3-D) high-fidelity finite-element (FE) model of the minipig head. First, we performed laboratory experiments on Göttingen minipigs to obtain the geometry of the cerebral vasculature network and to characterize brain-tissue and vasculature material properties in response to high strain rates typical of blast exposures. Next, we used the detailed cerebral vasculature information and species-specific brain tissue and vasculature material properties to develop the 3-D high-fidelity FE model of the minipig head. Then, to validate the model predictions, we performed laboratory shock-tube experiments, where we exposed Göttingen minipigs to a blast overpressure of 210 kPa in a laboratory shock tube and compared brain pressures at two locations. We observed a good agreement between the model-predicted pressures and the experimental measurements, with differences in maximum pressure of less than 6%. Finally, to evaluate the influence of the cerebral vascular network on the biomechanical predictions, we performed simulations where we compared results of FE models with and without the vasculature. As expected, incorporation of the vasculature decreased brain strain but did not affect the predictions of brain pressure. However, we observed that inclusion of the cerebral vasculature in the model changed the strain distribution by as much as 100% in regions near the interface between the vasculature and the brain tissue, suggesting that the vasculature does not merely decrease the strain but causes drastic redistributions. This work will help establish correlates between observed brain injuries and predicted biomechanical responses in minipigs and facilitate the creation of scaling laws to infer potential injuries in the human brain due to exposure to blast waves.
3D Bioprinted Human Skeletal Muscle Constructs for Muscle Function Restoration
Kim, Ji Hyun; Seol, Young-Joon; Ko, In Kap; Kang, Hyun-Wook; Lee, Young Koo; Yoo, James J.; Atala, Anthony; Lee, Sang Jin (Springer Nature, 2018-08-17)
A bioengineered skeletal muscle tissue as an alternative for autologous tissue flaps, which mimics the structural and functional characteristics of the native tissue, is needed for reconstructive surgery. Rapid progress in the cell-based tissue engineering principle has enabled in vitro creation of cellularized muscle-like constructs; however, the current fabrication methods are still limited to build a three-dimensional (3D) muscle construct with a highly viable, organized cellular structure with the potential for a future human trial. Here, we applied 3D bioprinting strategy to fabricate an implantable, bioengineered skeletal muscle tissue composed of human primary muscle progenitor cells (hMPCs). The bioprinted skeletal muscle tissue showed a highly organized multi-layered muscle bundle made by viable, densely packed, and aligned myofiber-like structures. Our in vivo study presented that the bioprinted muscle constructs reached 82% of functional recovery in a rodent model of tibialis anterior (TA) muscle defect at 8 weeks of post-implantation. In addition, histological and immunohistological examinations indicated that the bioprinted muscle constructs were well integrated with host vascular and neural networks. We demonstrated the potential of the use of the 3D bioprinted skeletal muscle with a spatially organized structure that can reconstruct the extensive muscle defects.
3D Hepatic Cultures Simultaneously Maintain Primary Hepatocyte and Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cell Phenotypes
Kim, Yeonhee; Rajagopalan, Padmavathy (PLOS, 2010-11-12)
Developing in vitro engineered hepatic tissues that exhibit stable phenotype is a major challenge in the field of hepatic tissue engineering. However, the rapid dedifferentiation of hepatic parenchymal (hepatocytes) and non-parenchymal (liver sinusoidal endothelial, LSEC) cell types when removed from their natural environment in vivo remains a major obstacle. The primary goal of this study was to demonstrate that hepatic cells cultured in layered architectures could preserve or potentially enhance liver-specific behavior of both cell types. Primary rat hepatocytes and rat LSECs (rLSECs) were cultured in a layered three-dimensional (3D) configuration. The cell layers were separated by a chitosan-hyaluronic acid polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM), which served to mimic the Space of Disse. Hepatocytes and rLSECs exhibited several key phenotypic characteristics over a twelve day culture period. Immunostaining for the sinusoidal endothelial 1 antibody (SE-1) demonstrated that rLSECs cultured in the 3D hepatic model maintained this unique feature over twelve days. In contrast, rLSECs cultured in monolayers lost their phenotype within three days. The unique stratified structure of the 3D culture resulted in enhanced heterotypic cell-cell interactions, which led to improvements in hepatocyte functions. Albumin production increased three to six fold in the rLSEC-PEM-Hepatocyte cultures. Only rLSEC-PEM-Hepatocyte cultures exhibited increasing CYP1A1/2 and CYP3A activity. Well-defined bile canaliculi were observed only in the rLSEC-PEM-Hepatocyte cultures. Together, these data suggest that rLSEC-PEM-Hepatocyte cultures are highly suitable models to monitor the transformation of toxins in the liver and their transport out of this organ. In summary, these results indicate that the layered rLSEC-PEM-hepatocyte model, which recapitulates key features of hepatic sinusoids, is a potentially powerful medium for obtaining comprehensive knowledge on liver metabolism, detoxification and signaling pathways in vitro.
3D Hybrid of Layered MoS2/Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Nanosheet Aerogels: An Effective Catalyst for Hydrogen Evolution in Microbial Electrolysis Cells
Hou, Yang; Zhang, Bo; Wen, Zhenhai; Cui, Shumao; Guo, Xiaoru; He, Zhen; Chen, Junhong (The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2014-06-18)
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have been conceived and intensively studied as a promising technology to achieve sustainable wastewater treatment. However, doubts and debates arose in recent years regarding the technical and economic viability of this technology on a larger scale and in a real-world applications. Hence, it is time to think about and examine how to recalibrate this technology's role in a future paradigm of sustainable wastewater treatment. In the past years, many good ideas/approaches have been proposed and investigated for MFC application, but information is scattered. Various review papers were published on MFC configuration, substrates, electrode materials, separators and microbiology but there is lack of critical thinking and systematic analysis of MFC application niche in wastewater treatment. To systematically formulate a strategy of (potentially) practical MFC application and provide information to guide MFC development, this perspective has critically examined and discussed the problems and challenges for developing MFC technology, and identified a possible application niche whereby MFCs can be rationally incorporated into the treatment process. We propose integration of MFCs with other treatment technologies to form an MFC-centered treatment scheme based on thoroughly analyzing the challenges and opportunities, and discuss future efforts to be made for realizing sustainable wastewater treatment.
3D Model-Based Collaboration in Design Development and Construction of Complex Shaped Buildings
Ku, Kihong; Pollalis, Spiro N.; Fischer, Martin A.; Shelden, Dennis R. (2008)
The successful implementation of complex-shaped buildings within feasible time and budget limits, has brought attention to the potential of computer-aided design and manufacturing technologies (CAD/CAM), Building Information Modeling (BIM), and the need for integrated practice. At the core of an integrated practice vision lies the intimate collaboration between the design team and construction team and a digital three-dimensional model, often with parametric and intelligent characteristics. With the shift from two-dimensional (2D) paper-based representations to threedimensional (3D) geometric representations in building information models (BIM), architects and engineers have streamlined 'inner' design team communication and collaboration. However, practice conventions have posed significant challenges when attempting to collaborate on the designer's 3D model with the 'external' design team-involving the architect (or engineer)-of-record, and contractor, construction manager or fabricator, etc. Focusing on the execution of complex-shaped buildings, the objective of this paper is to illustrate varying collaborative approaches to understand how design teams use 3D models to control geometry. The authors attempt to provide specific responses to the following questions: What are the issues when collaborating on 3D models? What are the mechanisms that design teams adopt to surpass practice conventions? The findings from three case studies suggest that collaboration methodologies on 3D models differ with the architects' approaches to geometry control. The authors will demonstrate that successful model-based collaboration occurs either on a contractual or non-contractual model issued by the architect.
3D printed graphene-based self-powered strain sensors for smart tires in autonomous vehicles
Maurya, Deepam; Khaleghian, Seyedmeysam; Sriramdas, Rammohan; Kumar, Prashant; Kishore, Ravi Anant; Kang, Min-Gyu; Kumar, Vireshwar; Song, Hyun-Cheol; Lee, Seul-Yi; Yan, Yongke; Park, Jung-Min (Jerry); Taheri, Saied; Priya, Shashank (2020-10-26)
The transition of autonomous vehicles into fleets requires an advanced control system design that relies on continuous feedback from the tires. Smart tires enable continuous monitoring of dynamic parameters by combining strain sensing with traditional tire functions. Here, we provide breakthrough in this direction by demonstrating tire-integrated system that combines direct mask-less 3D printed strain gauges, flexible piezoelectric energy harvester for powering the sensors and secure wireless data transfer electronics, and machine learning for predictive data analysis. Ink of graphene based material was designed to directly print strain sensor for measuring tire-road interactions under varying driving speeds, normal load, and tire pressure. A secure wireless data transfer hardware powered by a piezoelectric patch is implemented to demonstrate self-powered sensing and wireless communication capability. Combined, this study significantly advances the design and fabrication of cost-effective smart tires by demonstrating practical self-powered wireless strain sensing capability. Designing efficient sensors for smart tires for autonomous vehicles remains a challenge. Here, the authors present a tire-integrated system that combines direct mask-less 3D printed strain gauges, flexible piezoelectric energy harvester for powering the sensors and secure wireless data transfer electronics, and machine learning for predictive data analysis.
3D X-ray analysis of the subterranean burrowing depth and pupal chamber size of Laricobius (Coleoptera: Derodontidae), a specialist predator of Adelges tsugae (Hemiptera: Adelgidae)
Hillen, Ashleigh P.; Foley, Jeremiah R.; Salcedo, Mary K.; Socha, John J.; Salom, Scott M. (Oxford University Press, 2023-05-01)
The non-native hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA), Adelges tsugae Annand (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), has caused a significant decline of eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis L. (Pinales: Pinaceae), and Carolina hemlock, Tsuga caroliniana Engelmann (Pinales: Pinaceae), in eastern North America. Biological control of HWA has focused on the use of 2 Laricobius spp. (Coleoptera: Derodontidae), natural predators of HWA, which require arboreal and subterranean life phases to complete their development. In its subterranean phase, Laricobius spp. are subject to abiotic factors including soil compaction or soil-applied insecticides used to protect hemlock from HWA. This study used 3D X-ray microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) to identify the depth at which Laricobius spp. burrows during its subterranean lifecycle, characterize pupal chamber volume, and determine whether soil compaction had a significant effect on these variables. The mean burrowing depth in the soil of individuals was 27.0 mm ± 14.8 (SD) and 11.4 mm ± 11.8 (SD) at compaction levels of 0.36 and 0.54 g/ cm3, respectively. The mean pupal chamber volume was 11.15 mm3 ± 2.8 (SD) and 7.65 mm3 ± 3.5 (SD) in soil compacted at 0.36 and 0.54 g/cm3, respectively. These data show that soil compaction influences burrowing depth and pupal chamber size for Laricobius spp.This information will help us better identify the effect of soil-applied insecticide residues on estivating Laricobius spp. and soil-applied insecticide residues in the field. Additionally, these results demonstrate the utility of 3D micro-CT in assessing subterranean insect activity in future studies.
50-kHz-rate 2D imaging of temperature and H2O concentration at the exhaust plane of a J85 engine using hyperspectral tomography
Ma, Lin; Li, Xuesong; Sanders, Scott T.; Caswell, Andrew W.; Roy, Sukesh; Plemmons, David H.; Gord, James R. (Optical Society of America, 2013-01-01)
This paper describes a novel laser diagnostic and its demonstration in a practical aero-propulsion engine (General Electric J85). The diagnostic technique, named hyperspectral tomography (HT), enables simultaneous 2-dimensional (2D) imaging of temperature and water-vapor concentration at 225 spatial grid points with a temporal response up to 50 kHz. To our knowledge, this is the first time that such sensing capabilities have been reported. This paper introduces the principles of the HT techniques, reports its operation and application in a J85 engine, and discusses its perspective for the study of high-speed reactive flows. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America
5th International Symposium on Focused Ultrasound
Abounader, Roger; Abraham, Christopher; Adema, Gosse; Agrawal, Punit; Airan, Raag; Aleman, Dionne; Alexander, Phillip; Alkins, Ryan; Alnazeer, Moez; Altman, Michael; Aly, Amirah; Amaral, Joao G.; Amrahli, Maral; Amraoui, Sana; Andarawewa, Kumari; Andriyakhina, Yulia; Angstadt, Mary; Ankou, Bénédicte; Arias, Ana C.; Arvanitis, Costas; Asadnia, Kiana; Aubert, Isabelle; Aubry, Jean-Francois; Aubry, Jean-Francois; Aurup, Christian; Bader, Kenneth; Badr, Lena; Baek, Hongchae; Barbato, Gaetano; Beccaria, Kevin; Bellorofonte, Carlo; Benson, Lee; Bernus, Olivier; Berriet, Rémi; Bertolina, Jim; Beskin, Viktoriya; Bessière, Francis; Bethune, Allison; Bezzi, Mario; Bond, Aaron; Bonomo, Guido; Borowsky, Alexander; Borys, Nicolas; Böttcher, Joachim; Bouley, Donna; Bour, Pierre; Bourekas, Eric; Brenin, David; Brokman, Omer; Brosh, Inbar; Buckner, Andrew; Bullock, Timothy; Cafarelli, Andrea; Cahill, Jessica; Camarena, Francisco; Camelo-Piragua, Sandra; Campbell, Benjamin; Campbell, Fiona; Cannata, Jon; Canney, Michael; Carlson, Roy; Carneiro, Antonio; Carpentier, Alexandre; Catheline, Stefan; Cavin, Ian; Cesana, Claudio; Chabok, Hamid R.; Chamanara, Marzieh; Chang, Jin H.; Chang, Won S.; Changizi, Barbara; Chapelon, Jean Y.; Chaplin, Vandiver; Chapman, Martin; Chaudhary, Neeraj; Chaussy, Christian; Chen, Cherry; Chen, Johnny; Chen, Wohsing; Chen, Xiaoming; Chevalier, Philippe; Chiou, George; Chisholm, Alexander; Christofferson, Ivy; Chung, Hyun H.; Ciuti, Gastone; Clement, Gregory; Cooper, Mark; Corea, Joseph; Corso, Cristiano; Cosman, Josh; Coughlin, Dezba; Crake, Calum; Cunitz, Bryan; Curiel, Laura; Curley, Colleen T.; Czarnota, Gregory; Dababou, Susan; Dallapiazza, Robert; de Bever, Joshua; de Jager, Bram; de Ruiter, Joost; de Senneville, Baudouin D.; Deckers, Roel; Delattre, Jean-Yves; den Brok, Martijn; Dhanaliwala, Ali; Diodato, Alessandro; Dixon, Adam; Donner, Elizabeth; Downs, Matthew; Du, Zhongmin; Dubois, Rémi; Dupre, Aurelien; Eikelenboom, Dylan; Elias, W. J.; Ellens, Nicholas; Endre, Ruby; Eran, Ayelet; Erasmus, Hans-Peter; Everstine, Ashli; Farahani, Keyvan; Farrer, Alexis; Farry, Justin; Federau, Christian; Feng, Xue; Ferrer, Cyril; Ferrera, Vincent; Fishman, Paul; Foley, Jessica; Frenkel, Victor; Fütterer, Jurgen; Gach, H. M.; Gandhi, Dheeraj; Gertner, Michael; Goldsher, Dorit; Gorgone, Alessandro; Greillier, Paul; Griesenauer, Rebekah; Grissom, William; Grondin, Julien; Guha, Chandan; Gulati, Amitabh; Gullapalli, Rao; Guo, Sijia; Gupta, Samit; Gurm, Hitinder; Gwinn, Ryder; Hadley, Rock; Haïssaguerre, Michel; Hammoud, Dima; Hananel, Arik; Hargrove, Amelia; Hatch, Robert; Haworth, Kevin; Hazan, Eilon; He, Ye; Heemels, Maurice; Heerschap, Arend; Hilas, Elaine; Hoang-Xuan, Khe; Hocini, Mélèze; Hodaie, Mojgan; Hofmann, Denis; Holland, Christy; Hoogenboom, Martijn; Hopyan, Sevan; Hossack, John; Houdouin, Alexandre; Hsu, Po-Hung; Hu, Jim; Hurwitz, Mark; Huss, Diane; Hwang, Chang-il; Hwang, Joo H.; Idbaih, Ahmed; Ikeuchi, Masahiko; Ingham, Elizabeth; Ives, Kimberly; Izumi, Masashi; Jackson-Lewis, Vernice; Janát-Amsbury, Margit; Jang, Kee W.; Jedruszczuk, Kathleen; Jiménez-Gambín, Sergio; Jiménez, Noé; Johnson, Sara; Jonathan, Sumeeth; Joy, Joyce; Jung, Hyun H.; Jung, Na Y.; Kahn, Itamar; Kamimura, Hermes; Kamrava, Seyed K.; Kang, Jeeun; Kang, Kook J.; Kang, Soo Y.; Kao, Yi-tzu; Katti, Prateek; Kawasaki, Motohiro; Kaye, Elena; Keupp, Jochen; Kim, AeRang; Kim, Harry; Kim, Hyun-Chul; Kim, Hyuncheol; Kim, Hyungmin; Kim, Min S.; Kim, Namho; Kiyasu, Katsuhito; Kneepkens, Esther; Knopp, Michael; Kobus, Thiele; Koral, Korgun; Kreider, Wayne; Krishna, Vibhor; Krug, Roland; Krupa, Steve; Kuo, Chia-Chun; Kwiecinski, Wojciech; Lacoste, Romain; Lam, Heather; Lamberti-Pasculli, Maria; Lang, Brian; Larner, James; Larrabee, Zachary; Leach, J. K.; LeBlang, Suzanne; Leclercq, Delphine; Lee, Hak J.; Lee, Jong-Hwan; Lehericy, Stéphane; Leighton, Wan; Leung, Steven; Lewis, Bobbi; Lewis, Matthew; Li, Dawei; Linn, Sabine; Lipsman, Nir; Liu, Hao-Li; Liu, Jingfei; Lopes, M. B.; Lotz, Jeff; Lu, Xin; Lundt, Jonathan; Luo, Xi; Lustgarten, Lior; Lustig, Micheal; Macoskey, Jonathan; Madore, Bruno; Maev, Roman; Magat, Julie; Maimbourg, Guillaume; Maimon, Noam; Mainprize, Todd; Malayer, Jerry; Maples, Danny; Marquet, Fabrice; Marrocchio, Cristina; Marx, Mike; Mastorakos, Panagiotis; Mauri, Giovanni; McLean, Hailey; McMichael, John; Mead, Brian P.; Melodelima, David; Melot-Dusseau, Sandrine; Menciassi, Arianna; Merrill, Robb; Meyer, Joshua; Midiri, Massimo; Miga, Michael; Migliore, Ilaria G.; Miller, Eric; Minalga, Emilee; Moon, Hyungwon; Moore, David; Mourad, Pierre; Mouratidis, Petros; Mueller, Michael; Mugler, John; Muller, Sébastien; Namba, Hirofumi; Naor, Omer; Nassar, Maria; Nazai, Navid; Negron, Karina; Negussie, Ayele; Nguyen, Thai-Son; Nicolay, Klaas; Nikolaeva, Anastasia V.; Oetgen, Matthew; Olive, Kenneth; Olumolade, Oluyemi; Orsi, Franco; Owens, Gabe; Ozilgen, Arda; Padegimas, Linas; Palermo, Carmine; Pan, Chia-Hsin; Pandey, Aditya; Papadakis, Georgios; Park, Chang K.; Park, Sang M.; Parker, Jonathon; Parvizi, Mohammad H.; Pascal-Tenorio, Aurea; Patel, Janish; Patz, Sam; Payen, Thomas; Perich, Eloi; Pernot, Mathieu; Perol, David; Perry, James; Pillarisetty, Venu; Pioche, Mathieu; Pizzuto, Matthew; Plaksin, Michael; Plata, Juan; Price, Karl; Prince, Jessica; Przedborski, Serge; Quinones-Hinojosa, Alfredo; Ramachandran, Akhilesh; Ranjan, Ashish; Ravikumar, Vinod; Reichenbach, Juergen; Repasky, Elizabeth; Rezai, Ali; Ritter, Philippe; Rivoire, Michel; Rochman, Carrie; Rosenberg, Jarrett; Rosnitskiy, Pavel B.; Ruiz, Antonio; Sahgal, Arjun; Samiotaki, Gesthimani; Sanghvi, Narendra; Santin, Mathieu D.; Santos, Domiciano; Sasaki, Noboru; Sastra, Steve; Schade, George; Schall, Jeffrey; Schlesinger, Ilana; Schmitt, Paul; Schwaab, Julia; Scionti, Stephen; Scipione, Roberto; Scoarughi, Gian L.; Scott, Serena; Sebeke, Lukas; Seifabadi, Reza; Seo, Jai; Sesenoglu-Laird, Ozge; Shah, Binit; Shahriari, Kian; Shaikh, Sumbul; Shea, Jill; Shi, Jiaqi; Shim, Jenny; Shinkov, Alexander; Shuman, Jillian; Silvestrini, Matthew; Sim, Changbeom; Sin, Vivian; Sinai, Alon; Singh, Manoj; Sinilshchikov, Ilya; Skalina, Karin; Slingluff, Craig; So, Po-Wah; Solomon, Stephen; Son, Keon H.; Sperling, Scott; Stein, Ruben; Stein, Sherman; Stevens, Aaron; Stimec, Jennifer; Storm, Gert; Straube, William; Suelmann, Britt; Sutton, Jonathan; Svedin, Bryant; Takemasa, Ryuichi; Takiguchi, Mitsuyoshi; Tam, Emily; Tan, Jeremy; Tang, Xinyan; Tanter, Mickael; Tebebi, Pamela; Tehrani, Seruz; Temple, Michael; Teofilovic, Dejan; ter Haar, Gail; Terzi, Marina E.; Thueroff, Stefan; Timbie, Kelsie; Tognarelli, Selene; Tretbar, Steffen; Trudeau, Maureen; Tsai, Yi-Chieh; Tsysar, Sergey A.; Tucci, Samantha; Tuveson, David; Ushida, Takahiro; Vaessen, Paul; Vaillant, Fanny; Van Arsdell, Glen; van Breugel, Johanna; Van der Jeugd, Anneke; Van der Jeugd, Anneke; Van der Wall, Elsken; van Diest, Paul; van Stralen, Marijn; Varano, Gianluca; Velat, Manuela; Vidal-Jove, Joan; Vigna, Paolo D.; Vignot, Alexandre; Vincenot, Jeremy; Vykhodtseva, Natalia; Wang, Bin; Wang, Han; Wang, Kevin; Wang, Qi; Wang, Qingguo; Wang, Shengping; Wang, Yak-Nam; Wang, Zhaorui; Wardlow, Rachel; Warren, Amy; Waszczak, Barbara; Watson, Katherine; Webb, Taylor; Wei-Bin, Shen; Wei, Kuo-Chen; Weiss, Steffen; Weissler, Yoni; Werner, Beat; Wesseling, Pieter; Williams, Noelle; Wilson, Emmanuel; Wintermark, Max; Witkamp, Arjen; Wong, Carlos; Wu, Jing-Fu; Wydra, Adrian; Xu, Alexis; Xu, Doudou; Xu, Su; Yang, Georgiana; Yang, Nai-Yi; Yao, Chen; Yarowsky, Paul; Ye, Patrick P.; Yuldashev, Petr; Zaaroor, Menashe; Zachiu, Cornel; Zahos, Peter; Zangos, Stephan; Zhang, Dandan; Zhang, Hua; Zhang, Jimin; Zhang, Junhai; Zhang, Xi; Zhao, Li; Zhong, Pei; Zhuo, Jiachen; Zidowitz, Stephan; Zinke, Wolf; Zorgani, Ali (2016-11-21)
A 6-Step Systematic Process for Model-Based Facility Data Delivery
Thabet, Walid; Lucas, Jason D. (2017)
The use of BIM for FM by owners is growing, yet there are challenges that exist because of the need for customized data standards to fit each owner's need. This research examines the development of a model-based approach for capturing and handing over facility data. Previously completed research consists of a spread-sheet based documentation method for capturing identified facility-related information to support an owner's operation and maintenance of educational facilities. An approach was developed and piloted to validate a process that utilized milestone information submissions for documenting appropriate information throughout the design and construction of a facility using a spreadsheet based approach with direct input into the Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS). Using a pilot project approach, this paper builds on the spreadsheet based approach by identifying how the facility information could be captured throughout the project using a model based approach. A six-step systematic process is defined for BIM-FM integration to capture facility data and integrate the information into a CMMS. Various challenges and considerations to capture and deliver facility data are discussed. The paper also discusses the need for further validation of the proposed process and summarises ongoing study to test the proposed approaches using a second pilot project.
6G Enabled Smart Infrastructure for Sustainable Society: Opportunities, Challenges, and Research Roadmap
Imoize, Agbotiname Lucky; Adedeji, Oluwadara; Tandiya, Nistha; Shetty, Sachin (MDPI, 2021-03-02)
The 5G wireless communication network is currently faced with the challenge of limited data speed exacerbated by the proliferation of billions of data-intensive applications. To address this problem, researchers are developing cutting-edge technologies for the envisioned 6G wireless communication standards to satisfy the escalating wireless services demands. Though some of the candidate technologies in the 5G standards will apply to 6G wireless networks, key disruptive technologies that will guarantee the desired quality of physical experience to achieve ubiquitous wireless connectivity are expected in 6G. This article first provides a foundational background on the evolution of different wireless communication standards to have a proper insight into the vision and requirements of 6G. Second, we provide a panoramic view of the enabling technologies proposed to facilitate 6G and introduce emerging 6G applications such as multi-sensory–extended reality, digital replica, and more. Next, the technology-driven challenges, social, psychological, health and commercialization issues posed to actualizing 6G, and the probable solutions to tackle these challenges are discussed extensively. Additionally, we present new use cases of the 6G technology in agriculture, education, media and entertainment, logistics and transportation, and tourism. Furthermore, we discuss the multi-faceted communication capabilities of 6G that will contribute significantly to global sustainability and how 6G will bring about a dramatic change in the business arena. Finally, we highlight the research trends, open research issues, and key take-away lessons for future research exploration in 6G wireless communication.
Aberrant Calcium Signaling in Astrocytes Inhibits Neuronal Excitability in a Human Down Syndrome Stem Cell Model
Mizuno, Grace O.; Wang, Yinxue; Shi, Guilai; Wang, Yizhi; Sun, Junqing; Papadopoulos, Stelios; Broussard, Gerard J.; Unger, Elizabeth K.; Deng, Wenbin; Weick, Jason; Bhattacharyya, Anita; Chen, Chao-Yin; Yu, Guoqiang; Looger, Loren L.; Tian, Lin (Elsevier, 2018-07-10)
Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic disorder that causes cognitive impairment. The staggering effects associated with an extra copy of human chromosome 21 (HSA21) complicates mechanistic understanding of DS pathophysiology. We examined the neuronastrocyte interplay in a fully recapitulated HSA21 trisomy cellular model differentiated from DS-patientderived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). By combining calciumimaging with genetic approaches, we discovered the functional defects of DS astroglia and their effects on neuronal excitability. Compared with control isogenic astroglia, DS astroglia exhibited more-frequent spontaneous calcium fluctuations, which reduced the excitability of co-cultured neurons. Furthermore, suppressed neuronal activity could be rescued by abolishing astrocytic spontaneous calcium activity either chemically by blocking adenosine-mediated signaling or genetically by knockdown of inositol triphosphate (IP3) receptors or S100B, a calcium binding protein coded on HSA21. Our results suggest a mechanism by which DS alters the function of astrocytes, which subsequently disturbs neuronal excitability.
Ablation outcome of irreversible electroporation on potato monitored by impedance spectrum under multi-electrode system
Zhao, Yajun; Liu, Hongmei; Bhonsle, Suyashree P.; Wang, Yilin; Davalos, Rafael V.; Yao, Chenguo (2018-09-20)
Background Irreversible electroporation (IRE) therapy relies on pulsed electric fields to non-thermally ablate cancerous tissue. Methods for evaluating IRE ablation in situ are critical to assessing treatment outcome. Analyzing changes in tissue impedance caused by electroporation has been proposed as a method for quantifying IRE ablation. In this paper, we assess the hypothesis that irreversible electroporation ablation outcome can be monitored using the impedance change measured by the electrode pairs not in use, getting more information about the ablation size in different directions. Methods Using a square four-electrode configuration, the two diagonal electrodes were used to electroporate potato tissue. Next, the impedance changes, before and after treatment, were measured from different electrode pairs and the impedance information was extracted by fitting the data to an equivalent circuit model. Finally, we correlated the change of impedance from various electrode pairs to the ablation geometry through the use of fitted functions; then these functions were used to predict the ablation size and compared to the numerical simulation results. Results The change in impedance from the electrodes used to apply pulses is larger and has higher deviation than the other electrode pairs. The ablation size and the change in resistance in the circuit model correlate with various linear functions. The coefficients of determination for the three functions are 0.8121, 0.8188 and 0.8691, respectively, showing satisfactory agreement. The functions can well predict the ablation size under different pulse numbers, and in some directions it did even better than the numerical simulation method, which used different electric field thresholds for different pulse numbers. Conclusions The relative change in tissue impedance measured from the non-energized electrodes can be used to assess ablation size during treatment with IRE according to linear functions.

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