Measuring and Analyzing Community Resilience During COVID-19 Using Social Media

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Date
2021-10-22
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Virginia Tech
Abstract

Community resilience (CR) has been studied as an indicator to measure how well a given community copes with a given disaster and provides policy directions on what aspects of the community should be improved with high priority. Although the impact of the COVID-19 has been serious all over the world and every aspect of our daily life, some countries have handled this disaster better than others. In this thesis, I aim to assess the effect of various news and Tweets collected during the COVID-19 pandemic on community functionality and resilience. First, we measure the community resilience (CR) in five different countries using Tweeter data and investigated how each country shows different trends of the CR, which is measured based on real or fake Tweets. We use Tweets generated in Australia (AUS), Singapore (SG), Republic of Korea (ROK), the United Kingdom (UK), and the United States (US) for Mar.-Nov. 2020 and measured the CR of each country and associated attributes for analyzing the overall trends. In the next step, we scrap and manually clean 4,952 full-text news articles from Jan. 2020 to Jun. 2021 and classify them into real, mixed, and fake news by fact-checking. Then we retrieve Tweets from 42,877,312 Tweets IDs from the same period and classify them into real, mixed, and fake Tweets using machine learning classifiers. We compare CR measured from news articles and Tweets based on three categories, namely, real, mixed, and fake. Based on the news articles and Tweets collected, we quantify CR based on two key factors, community wellbeing and resource distribution. We evaluate community wellbeing by assessing mental wellbeing and physical wellbeing while evaluating resource distribution by assessing economic resilience, infrastructural resilience, institutional resilience, and community capital. Based on the estimates of these two factors, we quantify CR from both news articles and Tweets and analyze the extent to which CR measured from the news articles can reflect the actual state of CR measured from Tweets.

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Keywords
COVID-19, Community Resilience, Big Data, Social Media, Fake News, Data Analytic, Text Mining, Natural Language Processing, Machine learning, Wellbeing, Resource Distribution, Social Science, Social Wellbeing, Community Capital
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