Browsing Virginia Tech Carilion (VTC) by Title
Now showing items 2-21 of 477
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A Molecular Mechanism Regulating the Timing of Corticogeniculate Innervation
(Elsevier, 2013-11-14)Neural circuit formation demands precise timing of innervation by different classes of axons. However, the mechanisms underlying such activity remain largely unknown. In the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN), axons ... -
Aberrant placental immune parameters in the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-infected cat suggest virus-induced changes in T cell function
(2013-07-19)Background Immune activity during pregnancy must be tightly regulated to ensure successful pregnancy. This regulation includes the suppression of inflammatory activity that could target the semi-allogeneic fetus. Tregs are ... -
Accurate human microsatellite genotypes from high-throughput resequencing data using informed error profiles
(Oxford University Press, 2013)Repetitive sequences are biologically and clinically important because they can influence traits and disease, but repeats are challenging to analyse using short-read sequencing technology. We present a tool for genotyping ... -
Acetylcholine Receptor Activation as a Modulator of Glioblastoma Invasion
(MDPI, 2019-10-05)Grade IV astrocytomas, or glioblastomas (GBMs), are the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. The median GBM patient survival of 12–15 months has remained stagnant, in spite of treatment strategies, ... -
Active inference and agency: optimal control without cost functions
(Springer, 2012-08-03)This paper describes a variational free-energy formulation of (partially observable) Markov decision problems in decision making under uncertainty. We show that optimal control can be cast as active inference. In active ... -
The adhesion function of the sodium channel beta subunit (beta 1) contributes to cardiac action potential propagation
(2018-08-14)Computational modeling indicates that cardiac conduction may involve ephaptic coupling - intercellular communication involving electrochemical signaling across narrow extracellular clefts between cardiomyocytes. We ... -
Aging into Perceptual Control: A Dynamic Causal Modeling for fMRI Study of Bistable Perception
(Frontiers, 2016-03-31)Aging is accompanied by stereotyped changes in functional brain activations, for example a cortical shift in activity patterns from posterior to anterior regions is one hallmark revealed by functional magnetic resonance ... -
Agrin and Synaptic Laminin Are Required to Maintain Adult Neuromuscular Junctions
(PLOS, 2012-10-03)As synapses form and mature the synaptic partners produce organizing molecules that regulate each other’s differentiation and ensure precise apposition of pre- and post-synaptic specializations. At the skeletal neuromuscular ... -
Alexithymic Trait and Voluntary Control in Healthy Adults
(PLOS, 2008-11-12)Background: Alexithymia is a personality trait characterized by deficiency in understanding, processing, or describing emotions. Recent studies have revealed that alexithymia is associated with less activation of the ... -
Almost Everything We Need to Better Serve Children of the Opioid Crisis We Learned in the 80s and 90s
(Frontiers, 2018-10-16)Opioid use disorder impedes dependent parents' abilities to care for their children. In turn, children may languish in unpredictability and persistent chaos. Societal responses to these children are often guided by a belief ... -
The ALS-inducing factors, TDP43A315T and SOD1G93A, directly affect and sensitize sensory neurons to stress
(Nature, 2018-11-08)There is increased recognition that sensory neurons located in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) are affected in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, it remains unknown whether ALS-inducing factors, other than mutant ... -
Alterations in Brain Connectivity Underlying Beta Oscillations in Parkinsonism
(PLOS, 2011-08-11)Cortico-basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits are severely disrupted by the dopamine depletion of Parkinson’s disease (PD), leading to pathologically exaggerated beta oscillations. Abnormal rhythms, found in several circuit ... -
Altered translation initiation of Gja1 limits gap junction formation during epithelial–mesenchymal transition
(The American Society for Cell Biology, 2018-02-13)Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is activated during development, wound healing, and pathologies including fibrosis and cancer metastasis. Hallmarks of EMT are remodeling of intercellular junctions and adhesion ... -
Alternative Splicing of RAD6B and Not RAD6A is Selectively Increased in Melanoma: Identification and Functional Characterization
(MDPI, 2019-11-01)Rad6B, a principal component of the translesion synthesis pathway, and activator of canonical Wnt signaling, plays an essential role in cutaneous melanoma development and progression. As Rad6 is encoded by two genes, namely, ... -
Applications of Ultrasound to Stimulate Therapeutic Revascularization
(MDPI, 2019-06-24)Many pathological conditions are characterized or caused by the presence of an insufficient or aberrant local vasculature. Thus, therapeutic approaches aimed at modulating the caliber and/or density of the vasculature by ... -
Associability-modulated loss learning is increased in posttraumatic stress disorder
(eLife Sciences, 2018-01-09)Disproportionate reactions to unexpected stimuli in the environment are a cardinal symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Here, we test whether these heightened responses are associated with disruptions in distinct ... -
Associations between Religiosity, Spirituality, and Happiness among Adults Living with Neurological Illness
(MDPI, 2018-06-23)The study examined the associations between religiosity, spirituality, and happiness in 354 outpatients suffering from neurological disorders. After accounting for severity of cognitive decline, physical activity level, ... -
Auditory grouping mechanisms reflect a sound's relative position in a sequence
(Frontiers, 2012-06-08)The human brain uses acoustic cues to decompose complex auditory scenes into its components. For instance to improve communication, a listener can select an individual "stream," such as a talker in a crowded room, based ... -
Autoregulation of Connexin43 Gap Junction Formation by Internally Translated Isoforms
(Cell, 2013)During each heartbeat, intercellular electrical coupling via connexin43 (Cx43) gap junctions enables synchronous cardiac contraction. In failing hearts, impaired Cx43 trafficking reduces gap junction coupling, resulting ... -
BDNF Val(66)Met Polymorphism Influences Visuomotor Associative Learning and the Sensitivity to Action Observation
(Springer Nature, 2016-10-05)Motor representations in the human mirror neuron system are tuned to respond to specific observed actions. This ability is widely believed to be influenced by genetic factors, but no study has reported a genetic variant ...
