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Computational Substrates of Norms and Their Violations during Social Exchange
(Society for Neuroscience, 2013-01-16)
Social norms in humans constrain individual behaviors to establish shared expectations within a social group. Previous work has probed social norm violations and the feelings that such violations engender; however, a ...
Neural signature of fictive learning signals in a sequential investment task
(NAS, 2007-04-13)
Reinforcement learning models now provide principled guides for a wide range of reward learning experiments in animals and humans. One key learning (error) signal in these models is experiential and reports ongoing temporal ...
Belief about nicotine selectively modulates value and reward prediction error signals in smokers
(NAS, 2015-02-24)
Little is known about how prior beliefs impact biophysically described processes in the presence of neuroactive drugs, which presents a profound challenge to the understanding of the mechanisms and treatments of addiction. ...
Necessary, Yet Dissociable Contributions of the Insular and Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortices to Norm Adaptation: Computational and Lesion Evidence in Humans
(Society for Neuroscience, 2015-01-14)
Social norms and their enforcement are fundamental to human societies. The ability to detect deviations from norms and to adapt to norms in a changing environment is therefore important to individuals’ normal social ...
Dendritic Spikes and Their Influence on Extracellular Calcium Signaling
(American Physiological Society, 2000)
Extracellular calcium is critical for many neural functions, including neurotransmission, cell adhesion, and neural plasticity. Experiments have shown that normal neural activity is associated with changes in extracellular ...
Belief about nicotine modulates subjective craving and insula activity in deprived smokers
(Frontiers, 2016-07-13)
Little is known about the specific neural mechanisms through which cognitive factors influence craving and associated brain responses, despite the initial success of cognitive therapies in treating drug addiction. In this ...
When Things Are Better or Worse than Expected: The Medial Frontal Cortex and the Allocation of Processing Resources
(MIT, 2006)
Access to limited-capacity neural systems of cognitive control must be restricted to the most relevant information. How the brain identifies and selects items for preferential processing is not fully understood. Anatomical ...
New approaches to investigating social gestures in autism spectrum disorder
(BMC, 2012-05-24)
The combination of economic games and human neuroimaging presents the possibility of using economic probes to identify biomarkers for quantitative features of healthy and diseased cognition. These probes span a range of ...
Keeping up with the Joneses: Interpersonal Prediction Errors and the Correlation of Behavior in a Tandem Sequential Choice Task
(Public Library of Science, 2013-10-24)
In many settings, copying, learning from or assigning value to group behavior is rational because such behavior can often act as a proxy for valuable returns. However, such herd behavior can also be pathologically misleading ...
Functional brain network changes associated with maintenance of cognitive function in multiple sclerosis
(Frontiers, 2010-11-22)
In multiple sclerosis (MS) functional changes in connectivity due to cortical reorganization could lead to cognitive impairment (CI), or reflect a re-adjustment to reduce the clinical effects of widespread tissue damage. ...