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Using fMRI to Study Valuation and Choice
(InTech Open, 2014-05-31)
The ability to make decisions relies on brain mechanisms designed to value our environment and elicit appropriate actions based on those values. These mechanisms allow an agent to predict the value of a potential action ...
Short-term mindfulness practice attenuates reward prediction errors signals in the brain
(Nature Research, 2019-05-06)
Activity changes in dopaminergic neurons encode the ongoing discrepancy between expected and actual value of a stimulus, providing a teaching signal for a reward prediction process. Previous work comparing a cohort of ...
Computational Phenotyping of Two-Person Interactions Reveals Differential Neural Response to Depth-of-Thought
(Public Library of Science, 2012-12-27)
Reciprocating exchange with other humans requires individuals to infer the intentions of their partners. Despite the importance of this ability in healthy cognition and its impact in disease, the dimensions employed and ...
Human substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area involvement in computing social error signals during the ultimatum game
(Oxford University Press, 2017-08-17)
As models of shared expectations, social norms play an essential role in our societies. Since our social environment is changing constantly, our internal models of it also need to change. In humans, there is mounting ...
Sub-second Dopamine and Serotonin Signaling in Human Striatum during Perceptual Decision-Making
(CellPress, 2020-12-09)
Recent animal research indicates that dopamine and serotonin, neuromodulators traditionally linked to appetitive and aversive processes, are also involved in sensory inference and decisions based on such inference. We ...
Policy Adjustment in a Dynamic Economic Game
(PLOS, 2006-12)
Making sequential decisions to harvest rewards is a notoriously difficult problem. One difficulty is that the real world is not stationary and the reward expected from a contemplated action may depend in complex ways on ...
Choosing Money over Drugs: The Neural Underpinnings of Difficult Choice in Chronic Cocaine Users
(Hindawi, 2014-08-14)
Addiction is considered a disorder that drives individuals to choose drugs at the expense of healthier alternatives. However, chronic cocaine users (CCUs)who meet addiction criteria retain the ability to choose money in ...
Sub-Second Dopamine Detection in Human Striatum
(PLOS, 2011-08-04)
Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry at carbon fiber microelectrodes allows rapid (sub-second) measurements of dopamine release in behaving animals. Herein, we report the modification of existing technology and demonstrate the ...
Belief about nicotine modulates subjective craving and insula activity in deprived smokers
(Frontiers, 2016-07-13)
Little is known about the specific neural mechanisms through which cognitive factors influence craving and associated brain responses, despite the initial success of cognitive therapies in treating drug addiction. In this ...
Subsecond dopamine fluctuations in human striatum encode superposed error signals about actual and counterfactual reward
(NAS, 2016-01-05)
In the mammalian brain, dopamine is a critical neuromodulator whose actions underlie learning, decision-making, and behavioral control. Degeneration of dopamine neurons causes Parkinson’s disease, whereas dysregulation of ...