Issue exploration is used as a preliminary phase in strategic decision making. It performs the function of allowing strategic decision makers to encounter new information, learn from it, and use it to help them sort the strategic problems from the non-strategic problems. The function of issue exploration effort is to focus strategic resources on the strategic problems and to avoid solving the non-strategic ones. In statistics, solving the wrong problem is considered as making an Error of the Third Kind. For strategic decision makers, solving non-strategic problems can also be considered as making an Error of the Third Kind.

An "Organizational Disposition For Change Framework" was developed to research the exploration behavior of thirty strategic decision-making management initiative:s for information technology development in Fairfax County, Virginia. The results supported the hypothesis that strategic decision-making initiatives that included exploration behavior significantly outperform those initiatives that did not.