During the last four to five years, rolling herd averages for milk have risen to new highs. Much of this increase was due to better genetic capabilities and higher concentrate feeding. At the same time, larger herds have tended to confine cows on concrete surfaces. During this time there has been a tremendous increase in the amount of bovine laminitis or founder. The resulting sole ulcers, hoof wall-sole separation, abscesses, sole bruising and penetration, heel erosion, and hoof over-growth have affected 10-75% of the cows in some herds.