Although indigenous people in Nepal play a significant role in biodiversity, most programs failed to address their needs. The majority of the indigenous populations live in remote mountain areas; this along with the political unrest in the country is the reason why programs do not target these communities. Women, on the other hand, also play a significant and important role in agriculture labor, forest resource management, and environmental sustainability, but still continue to have very little power in decision making processes. Women's productive and reproductive roles dictate that women are the main collectors of fuel, wood, and water, which allows them to retain indigenous knowledge of forest resource planning, management, and conservation. Nevertheless, women's lack of mobility, lack of formal education, limit access to land, and lack of technical knowledge also means that women benefit less from an economic perspective. The report also concludes that women's traditional heavy workload has been increased due to men's migration to urban areas.