<front xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.0/xsd/JATS-journalpublishing1.xsd" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
    <journal-meta>
        <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">BIOINFORMATICS</journal-id>
        <journal-title-group>
            <journal-title>ISRN Bioinformatics</journal-title>
        </journal-title-group>
        <issn pub-type="epub">2090-7346</issn>
        <publisher>
            <publisher-name>Hindawi Publishing Corporation</publisher-name>
        </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
        <article-id pub-id-type="other">291741</article-id>
        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1155/2013/291741</article-id>
        <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">291741</article-id>
        <article-categories>
            <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
                <subject>Research Article</subject>
            </subj-group>
        </article-categories>
        <title-group>
            <article-title>HMEC: A Heuristic Algorithm for Individual Haplotyping with Minimum Error Correction</article-title>
        </title-group>
        <contrib-group>
            <contrib contrib-type="author" id="U90514182" corresp="yes">
                <name>
                    <surname>Bayzid</surname>
                    <given-names>Md. Shamsuzzoha</given-names>
                </name>
                <email>shams.bayzid@gmail.com</email>
                <xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">
                    <sup>1</sup>
                </xref>
            </contrib>
            <contrib contrib-type="author" id="U12029016">
                <name>
                    <surname>Alam</surname>
                    <given-names>Md. Maksudul</given-names>
                </name>
                <email>maksud@vbi.vt.edu</email>
                <xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2">
                    <sup>2</sup>
                </xref>
            </contrib>
            <contrib contrib-type="author" id="U58487057">
                <name>
                    <surname>Mueen</surname>
                    <given-names>Abdullah</given-names>
                </name>
                <email>mueen@cs.ucr.edu</email>
                <xref ref-type="aff" rid="I3">
                    <sup>3</sup>
                </xref>
            </contrib>
            <contrib contrib-type="author" id="U60251389">
                <name>
                    <surname>Rahman</surname>
                    <given-names>Md. Saidur</given-names>
                </name>
                <email>saidurrahman@cse.buet.ac.bd</email>
                <xref ref-type="aff" rid="I4">
                    <sup>4</sup>
                </xref>
            </contrib>
            <contrib contrib-type="Academic Editor" id="U30607638">
                <name>
                    <surname>Bolshoy</surname>
                    <given-names>A.</given-names>
                </name>
            </contrib>
            <contrib contrib-type="Academic Editor" id="U68253402">
                <name>
                    <surname>Torkamani</surname>
                    <given-names>A.</given-names>
                </name>
            </contrib>
        </contrib-group>
        <aff id="I1">
            <sup>1</sup>
            <addr-line>Department of Computer Science</addr-line>
            <addr-line>University of Texas at Austin</addr-line>
            <addr-line>Austin, TX 78712</addr-line>
            <country>USA</country>
            <ext-link ext-link-type="domain-name">utexas.edu</ext-link>
        </aff>
        <aff id="I2">
            <sup>2</sup>
            <addr-line>Department of Computer Science</addr-line>
            <addr-line>Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060</addr-line>
            <country>USA</country>
            <ext-link ext-link-type="domain-name">vt.edu</ext-link>
        </aff>
        <aff id="I3">
            <sup>3</sup>
            <addr-line>Department of Computer Science and Engineering</addr-line>
            <addr-line>Univerity of California, Riverside</addr-line>
            <addr-line>CA 92521</addr-line>
            <country>USA</country>
            <ext-link ext-link-type="domain-name">ucr.edu</ext-link>
        </aff>
        <aff id="I4">
            <sup>4</sup>
            <addr-line>Department of Computer Science and Engineering</addr-line>
            <addr-line>Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology</addr-line>
            <addr-line>Dhaka 1000</addr-line>
            <country>Bangladesh</country>
            <ext-link ext-link-type="domain-name">buet.ac.bd</ext-link>
        </aff>
        <pub-date pub-type="publication-year">
            <year>2013</year>
        </pub-date>
        <pub-date pub-type="archival-date">
            <day>28</day>
            <month>1</month>
            <year>2013</year>
        </pub-date>
        <volume>2013</volume>
        <history>
            <date date-type="received">
                <day>26</day>
                <month>11</month>
                <year>2012</year>
            </date>
            <date date-type="accepted">
                <day>12</day>
                <month>12</month>
                <year>2012</year>
            </date>
        </history>
        <permissions>
            <copyright-year>2013</copyright-year>
            <copyright-holder>Copyright &#xa9; 2013 Md. Shamsuzzoha Bayzid et al.</copyright-holder>
            <license license-type="open-access">
                <license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the <ext-link xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">Creative Commons Attribution License</ext-link>, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
            </license>
        </permissions>
        <abstract>
            <p>Haplotype is a pattern of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on a single chromosome. Constructing a pair of haplotypes from aligned and overlapping but intermixed and erroneous fragments of the chromosomal sequences is a nontrivial problem. Minimum error correction approach aims to minimize the number of errors to be corrected so that the pair of haplotypes can be constructed through consensus of the fragments. We give a heuristic algorithm (HMEC) that searches through alternative solutions using a gain measure and stops whenever no better solution can be achieved. Time complexity of each iteration is <inline-formula>
                    <mml:math id="M1">
                        <mml:mi>O</mml:mi>
                        <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo>
                        <mml:msup>
                            <mml:mrow>
                                <mml:mi>m</mml:mi>
                            </mml:mrow>
                            <mml:mrow>
                                <mml:mn>3</mml:mn>
                            </mml:mrow>
                        </mml:msup>
                        <mml:mi>k</mml:mi>
                        <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo>
                    </mml:math>
                </inline-formula> for an <inline-formula>
                    <mml:math id="M2">
                        <mml:mi>m</mml:mi>
                        <mml:mo>&#xd7;</mml:mo>
                        <mml:mi>k</mml:mi>
                    </mml:math>
                </inline-formula> SNP matrix where <inline-formula>
                    <mml:math id="M3">
                        <mml:mrow>
                            <mml:mi>m</mml:mi>
                        </mml:mrow>
                    </mml:math>
                </inline-formula> and <inline-formula>
                    <mml:math id="M4">
                        <mml:mrow>
                            <mml:mi>k</mml:mi>
                        </mml:mrow>
                    </mml:math>
                </inline-formula> are the number of fragments (number of rows) and number of SNP sites (number of columns), respectively, in an SNP matrix. Alternative gain measure is also given to reduce running time. We have compared our algorithm with other methods in terms of accuracy and running time on both simulated and real data, and our extensive experimental results indicate the superiority of our algorithm over others.</p>
        </abstract>
        <counts>
            <ref-count count="20"/>
            <page-count count="10"/>
        </counts>
    </article-meta>
</front>
