Campelo, Sabrina N.Jacobs, Edward J.Aycock, Kenneth N.Davalos, Rafael V.2022-10-132022-10-132022-09-23Campelo, S.N.; Jacobs, E.J., IV; Aycock, K.N.; Davalos, R.V. Real-Time Temperature Rise Estimation during Irreversible Electroporation Treatment through State-Space Modeling. Bioengineering 2022, 9, 499.http://hdl.handle.net/10919/112141To evaluate the feasibility of real-time temperature monitoring during an electroporation-based therapy procedure, a data-driven state-space model was developed. Agar phantoms mimicking low conductivity (LC) and high conductivity (HC) tissues were tested under the influences of high (HV) and low (LV) applied voltages. Real-time changes in impedance, measured by Fourier Analysis SpecTroscopy (FAST) along with the known tissue conductivity and applied voltages, were used to train the model. A theoretical finite element model was used for external validation of the model, producing model fits of 95.8, 88.4, 90.7, and 93.7% at 4 mm and 93.2, 58.9, 90.0, and 90.1% at 10 mm for the HV-HC, LV-LC, HV-LC, and LV-HC groups, respectively. The proposed model suggests that real-time temperature monitoring may be achieved with good accuracy through the use of real-time impedance monitoring.application/pdfenCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 Internationalpulsed field ablationPFAelectroporationH-FIREthermal mitigationtemperature predictionblack-box modelingagar phantomArticle - Refereed2022-10-13https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9100499