Johansen, C.Haque, M. E.Bell, R. W.Thierfelder, ChristianEsdaile, R. J.2016-04-192016-04-192012Field Crops Research 132: 18-320378-4290http://hdl.handle.net/10919/69973Metadata only recordIn the past, development and dissemination of conservation agriculture technologies, such as mechanized seeders and herbicides, has suited large-scale agricultural operations. Recent innovations specifically designed for smallholders have been developed in Brazil and introduced in Africa. These include animal-drawn rippers and direct seeders, which have produced equal yields to conventional tillage and seed broadcasting. However, more research is needed concerning weed management and place-based agro-ecological variance in order to further disseminate conservation agriculture technologies (and subsequent ecosystem services) to greater numbers of smallholder farmers.text/plainen-USIn CopyrightRainfed agricultureSmall holder enterpriseConservation agricultureIndigenous communityAnimal traction direct seederJab-planterRipper tinesSeed drillsStrip tillageWeed managementFarm/Enterprise Scale Field Scale GovernanceAbstractCopyright 2012 by the Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2011.11.026