Cairns, John Jr.2014-01-232014-01-232010http://hdl.handle.net/10919/25063Currently, the environmental and management methods for climate change will not be effective after irreversible climate change occurs. Without efforts to stabilize greenhouse gases, the temperature will continue to increase leading to: 1) risk to unique and threatened systems, 2) risk of extreme weather events, 3) distribution of impacts, 4) aggregate damages, and 5) risks of large-scaled discontinuities. New management systems must be put in place to protect natural capital and ecosystem services to keep humankind afloat during the dramatic climate changes.en-USIn Copyrightclimate changeirreversibilitygreenhouse gasesenvironmental assessmentenvironmental managementArticlehttp://www.johncairns.net/Papers/Irreversible.pdf