Mabry, J. ErinWotring, BrianMcClafferty, Julie A.Soccolich, Susan A.Boucher, Ben2024-08-092024-08-092024-08-09https://hdl.handle.net/10919/120902Pedestrian conflicts with vehicles continue to be a serious problem in the United States. Unlike vehicle occupants, pedestrians do not have the protection of airbags, a steel structure surrounding them, or other vehicle safety technologies; their resultant vulnerability places them at higher risk of injury when involved in a traffic crash or conflict. Examining pedestrian behavior in a variety of settings and interaction severity levels supports research goals to improve pedestrian safety. The goals of this study were to: 1. Create an inclusive dictionary of video data analysis variables that details and describes interactions between pedestrians and motorized vehicles; and 2. Develop and pilot test a Pedestrian-Vehicle Interaction Data Reduction Protocol (PVIP) using existing naturalistic driving datasets. Implementing the PVIP confirmed that coding elements related to the interaction response between the pedestrian and vehicle from each perspective, and according to the three epoch stages (i.e., leading up to, during, and following the interaction), was critical for characterizing the entire interaction with consideration of all viewpoints. Pedestrian behaviors, locations, communication strategies, distractions, impairments, and glance behaviors were observed and coded at each stage of the epoch to account for behavioral, sensory-related, and positional changes of the pedestrian occurring over the course of the interaction that could impact the outcome. Similarly, coding the vehicle maneuver, driver behaviors, driving-related tasks, and glance behavior across the interaction epoch may be important elements to consider for pedestrian safety. Pedestrian location across the epoch was also an important variable in the pilot analyses. This study is the first of its kind to design, develop, and systematically apply a comprehensive, video-based, and pedestrian-centric data reduction protocol to NDS data to explore and describe interactions between pedestrians and vehicles for better understanding of pedestrian safety. The output of this project is a comprehensive and systematic PVIP that can be used to characterize pedestrian-vehicle interactions and behaviors. The protocol is organized so that researchers may select questions or groups of questions that are applicable for their specific research objectives in an à la carte fashion to create a focused protocol that fully explores a pedestrian-vehicle scenario using available data.application/pdfenvulnerable road userspedestriansnaturalistic driving studiesnaturalistic driving databasesData Reduction Protocolpedestrian vehicle conflictsSHRP 2Report