Lo, Sharon L.Gearhardt, Ashley N.Fredericks, Emily M.Katz, BenjaminSturza, JulieKaciroti, NikoGonzalez, RichardHunter, Christine M.Sonneville, KendrinChaudhry, KirenLumeng, Julie C.Miller, Alison L.2022-01-122022-01-122021-08-010022-0965S0022-0965(21)00075-8 (PII)http://hdl.handle.net/10919/107572Self-regulation, known as the ability to harness cognitive, emotional, and motivational resources to achieve goals, is hypothesized to contribute to health behaviors across the lifespan. Enhancing self-regulation early in life may increase positive health outcomes. During pre-adolescence, children assume increased autonomy in health behaviors (e.g., eating; physical activity), many of which involve self-regulation. This article presents results from a clinical trial (NCT03060863) that used a factorial design to test behavioral interventions designed to enhance self-regulation, specifically targeting executive functioning, emotion regulation, future-oriented thinking, and approach biases. Participants were 118 children (9–12 years of age, M = 10.2 years) who had a history of living in poverty. They were randomized to receive up to four interventions that were delivered via home visits. Self-regulation was assayed using behavioral tasks, observations, interviews, and parent- and child-report surveys. Results were that self-regulation targets were reliably assessed and that interventions were delivered with high fidelity. Intervention effect sizes were very small to moderate (d range = .02–.65, median = .14), and most were not statistically significant. Intercorrelation analyses indicated that associations between measures within each target varied based on the self-regulation target evaluated. Results are discussed with regard to the role of self-regulation-focused interventions in child health promotion. Implications of findings are reviewed for informing next steps in behavioral self-regulation interventions among children from low-income backgrounds.21 page(s)application/pdfenPublic DomainSocial SciencesPsychology, DevelopmentalPsychology, ExperimentalPsychologySelf-regulationHealth behaviorInterventionExecutive functionEmotion regulationFuture orientationCOGNITIVE BIAS MODIFICATIONEPISODIC FUTURE THINKINGAGE-RELATED-CHANGESEXECUTIVE FUNCTIONTIME PERSPECTIVEDECISION-MAKINGGAME ELEMENTSSUBSTANCE USENIH TOOLBOXASSOCIATIONS1701 Psychology1702 Cognitive SciencesHumansHealth BehaviorParentsPovertyAdolescentChildExecutive FunctionSelf-ControlArticle - Refereed2022-01-12https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2021.105157208Katz, Benjamin [0000-0002-5612-7540]339101381096-0457