Virginia Cooperative ExtensionHelm, Amy CimarolliJohnson, James E.2013-12-142013-12-141995http://hdl.handle.net/10919/24644Most recreational and historical parks have a significant portion of their land area in forest cover. Forest vegetation is natural, aesthetically pleasing, and forms a comfortable, shady environment for recreational and interpretive purposes (Figure 1). However, often the forest that nature provides does not meet all park objectives; therefore, some vegetation management practices are necessary. Maintaining healthy, vigorous forests that meet specific park objectives requires a consideration of the ecology of the species involved, and a pro-active management policy. Simply allowing "nature to take its course" may not be satisfactory. This handbook provides information on general forest ecology for parks in the Southeastern United States, as well as management advice for achieving many objectives common to recreational and historical parks in the region. Maintaining healthy forests, dealing with exotic species, controlling turf and meadow areas, and creating screens and windbreaks are all common issues faced by many park managers. These and more are addressed in this handbook. The information in this handbook draws heavily from published literature, the experience of the authors, and the suggestions of various reviewers and park managers. This handbook is generic; therefore, it may not conform to specific guidelines and regulations of all state and federal park agencies. For historical parks especially, the sections on earthwork preservation, historic scene restoration, and agricultural use areas will be useful.72 pagesapplication/pdfen-USVirginia Cooperative Extension materials are available for public use, re-print, or citation without further permission, provided the use includes credit to the author and to Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, and Virginia State University.LD5655 .A762Recreation areas -- Southern States -- ManagementHistoric parks -- Conservation and restoration -- Southern StatesForest ecology -- Southern StatesForest management -- Southern StatesExtension publication33821659