Neal, Robert E. IIIRossmeisl, John H. Jr.Garcia, Paulo A.Lanz, Otto I.Henao-Guerrero, NataliaDavalos, Rafael V.2017-11-082017-11-082011-05-01http://hdl.handle.net/10919/79998Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a promising technique for the focal treatment of pathologic tissues that involves placing minimally invasive electrodes within the targeted region. A series of short, intense electric pulses are then applied to destabilize the cell membrane, presumably by creating nanopores,¹ inducing cell death in a nonthermal manner.² The unique therapeutic mechanism of IRE does not rely on tissue temperature changes, as with hyperthermic or cryoablative procedures.³,⁴ Therefore, IRE preserves the extracellular matrix, major tissue vasculature, and other sensitive structures.⁵⁻⁷ Treated regions resolve rapidly,⁵ with submillimeter resolution between treated and unaffected cells,⁸ and are predictable with numerical modeling.⁹ Treatments promote an immune response,⁵,¹⁰,¹¹ are unaltered by blood flow, can be administered quickly (approximately 5 minutes), and can be visualized in real time.¹⁰,¹²application/pdfenIn CopyrightArticle - Refereedhttps://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2010.33.09022913