Wunder, S.CIFOR2016-04-192016-04-192005CIFOR Infobrief no. 92437_009_Infobrief.pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10919/66932This publication discusses the conservation paradigm of Payments for Environmental Services (PES). CIFOR provides a definition of PES with five fundamental principles; PES is a (1) voluntary, (2) conditional transaction with at least (3) one seller, (4) one buyer, and (5) a well-defined environmental service. The brief describes current trends in location, scale, and type of PES projects; suggests conditions in which PES is an efficient, effective approach to conservation; and discusses potential positive and negative impacts on poverty.application/pdfen-USIn CopyrightPayments for environmental servicesLivelihoodsTropical zonesLand tenureEnvironmental servicesPovertyConservationConservation incentivesRural livelihoodsEconomic incentivesStewardshipIcdpsBoliviaBrazilIndonesiaEcosystem Field Scale WatershedFact sheet