Scholarly Works, Center for Gerontology
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Browsing Scholarly Works, Center for Gerontology by Author "Brossoie, Nancy"
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- Assuring Quality Care: Exploring Strategies of Medicaid E&D Waiver ProvidersBrossoie, Nancy; Roberto, Karen A.; Teaster, Pamela B.; Glass, Anne (Virginia Tech, 2004)Implementing quality assurance (QA) programs in unregulated noninstitutional settings remains a challenge for home and community-based service providers. A sample of 65 Elderly & Disabled (E&D) Waiver providers in Virginia were presented with eight problem scenarios commonly found in home-care services. Each of the respondents was able to identify strategies they would use to recognize and address each problem. Findings suggest providers currently use multiple mechanisms as part of their overall QA program. Discussion focuses on the strengths of using multiple approaches and on increasing provider awareness of complementary QA strategies and reducing the reliance on staff report as a major QA strategy.
- Community Connections and Sense of Community among Older AdultsBrossoie, Nancy; Mancini, Jay A.; Roberto, Karen A.; Blieszner, Rosemary (Virginia Tech, 2003)The goal of this exploratory study is to identify what factors predict sense of community in older adult community members.
- Elderly & Disabled Waiver Services: What Do We Know About Providers?Glass, Anne; Roberto, Karen A.; Teaster, Pamela B.; Brossoie, Nancy (Virginia Tech, 2003)Little is known about home and community based services (HCBS) and even less about the quality of those services. As part of a “Real Choice Systems Change” grant received by the Virginia Department of Medical Assistance Services, the Center for Gerontology at Virginia Tech conducted a survey of agencies providing HCBS under the Medicaid Elderly and Disabled (E & D) Waiver. A written survey was sent to 160 providers across the state, based on a sampling plan designed to ensure representation of all planning districts and services mixes. Seventy surveys were returned for a response rate of 44%.
- The Impacts of the Neighborhood Built Environment on Social Capital for Middle-Aged and Elderly KoreansHwang, Eunju; Brossoie, Nancy; Jeong, Jin Wook; Song, Kimin (MDPI, 2021-01-14)The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the neighborhood built environment (NBE) aspects of age-friendly cities and communities (AFCCs) and social capital in the Korean context. We described and compared age differences when analyzing misfits of AFCC NBE and impacts on social capital. We collected the data (N = 1246) from two Korean communities; our multiple and binary logistic regression outcomes show that AFCC NBE aspects such as outdoor spaces, transportation, and housing are significant predictors of different subcategories of social capital. For the older group, the outdoor spaces misfit was significant for all three subcategories of social capital, but transportation and housing misfits were significant for the social trust and reciprocity index scores. For the middle-aged group, the outdoor spaces misfit was significant for social networking and participation, and a transportation misfit was significant for participation and social trust and reciprocity. Fewer misfits or better fits of outdoor spaces and transportation encouraged more networking, participation, social trust, and reciprocity. Dwelling type was important to predict social capital, especially for the older group. The present study confirmed the importance of AFCC NBE in predicting social capital and unique factors in the Korean context.
- Intimate Partner Violence Among Older Adults: Bridging the Disciplinary DivideMcPherson, Marya C.; Brossoie, Nancy; Roberto, Karen A. (Center for Gerontology and Dept. of Human Development Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and the Women's Resource Center of the New River Valley, 2009-11)
- Intimate Partner Violence in Rural Aging Women: Promoting Community KnowledgeRoberto, Karen A.; Brossoie, Nancy; McPherson, Marya C. (Center for Gerontology and Dept. of Human Development Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and the Women's Resource Center of the New River Valley, 2009-10)
- “Nobody Likes to Admit What’s Going On”: Avoidance Behaviors of Families Coping with MCIBrossoie, Nancy; Roberto, Karen A.; Blieszner, Rosemary (Virginia Tech, 2009)Managing stress using avoidance coping strategies allows family members to manage their emotional responses as well as cope with changes in their relative’s memory, behavior, and sociability that manifest with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The purpose of this study is to examine the use of avoidance coping behaviors by identifying conditions preceding an avoidance response and specific types of avoidance strategies used to cope with stresses of having a relative with MCI. This investigation is guided by Lazarus and Folkman's (1984) conceptualization of avoidance coping behaviors. Data analysis used Strauss and Corbin’s (1990) method of constant comparison.
- Nursing Home Diversion Programs: Challenges, Successes, and Next StepsBrossoie, Nancy; Roberto, Karen A. (Virginia Tech, 2011)In 2009-2010, Virginia participated in a pilot project of the Administration on Aging. The Nursing Home Diversion Modernization Program, now known as the Community Living Program (CLP), was designed to assist individuals at risk of both nursing home placement and spending down to Medicaid eligibility, with continuing to live in their communities. The program included consumer-directed (CD) services and utilized the assistance of a fiscal intermediary to support participants and other persons involved with their care. Outcome and process evaluations conducted on the pilot revealed challenges, successes and next steps for expanding the program statewide.
- Reducing Intimate Partner Violence among Older Women: Response Readiness in a Rural Faith-Based CommunityBrossoie, Nancy; Roberto, Karen A. (Virginia Tech, 2010)Faith leaders and lay clergy are natural sources of support for their parishioners. Clergy members are likely to be aware of family relationship problems and are equipped to provide emotional and spiritual support. As their foundation of trust builds with church members, they are better situated to offer sanctuary (physical, mental, and spiritual) to victims of violence and their families. However, interviews with clergy and lay clergy on their preparedness to respond to intimate partner violence (IPV) against older woman revealed that they do not feel adequately prepared to identify the signs of abuse, talk about the abuse, or identify a range of viable community support options. Furthermore, some clergy held ageist attitudes and lacked basic knowledge of age-related issues (e.g., health benefits), life transitions (e.g., retirement), or interpersonal issues (e.g., why a woman would prefer to divulge abuse details to another woman), which impacts their ability to respond to victims appropriately. Moreover, clergy expressed uncertainty about how to address violence in a manner that is consistent with the pastoral counseling model based on benevolence i.e., God is love, love one another, God forgives our sins, etc.), taught in seminaries. Future work on IPV with the faith-based community should include strategies to raise awareness of IPV, educate clergy and lay clergy on how to refer and work with other community providers, and include references from holy texts to guide pastoral responses.
- Taking Care of a Parent with Mild Cognitive Impairment: An Exploration of Coping MechanismsErmann, Lauren S.; Brossoie, Nancy; Roberto, Karen A.; Blieszner, Rosemary (Virginia Tech, 2011)Caregiving is a dynamic process of transitions and changes that evolves over time. Guided by Montgomery and Kosloski's Caregiver Identity Theory (2000), we explored the coping mechanisms employed by adult children providing support to a parent with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and changes in the use of coping strategies over time. In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with 11 adult children soon after their parent received a diagnosis of MCI, and again approximately 12 and 24 months thereafter. Two primary findings emerged from our analysis: adult children of parents with MCI (1) employed a variety of coping mechanisms to manage their stress at different times in the care process that included psychological reframing (e.g., acceptance), self-care (e.g., exercise), external engagement (e.g., seeking support) and avoidance (e.g., distancing), and (2) often struggled with their care partner role and the additional and sometimes unexpected responsibilities such as managing money, providing transportation, and assisting with household tasks. Many adult care partners responded to their changing roles by expressing frustration or disappointment, although some still viewed their care partner experiences as generally positive. Consistent with the Caregiver Identity Theory, study participants discussed the stress generated by a perceived incongruity between their expected roles as adult children and the reality of their roles as care partners. Findings suggest that social workers and other mental health professionals who work with adult children of parents with MCI can better assist their clients by educating families about MCI and exploring effective coping mechanisms for dealing with stress.
- Thumbs Up/Thumbs Down: Reader Reactions to Online News Stories about IPV in Late LifeBrossoie, Nancy; Roberto, Karen A. (Virginia Tech, 2011)Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a hidden public health problem that touches nearly one third of all women aged 50+ each year (Bonomi et al., 2007; Mouton, 2003). Incidents of IPV include physical, sexual, and psychological/emotional harm caused by a current or former partner and sometimes include murder (CDC, 2006). Public awareness of IPV in late life is limited due to the social norms and expectations which keep it hidden in the home as well as weak coverage by the news media. The purpose of this study was to analyze online postings to answer the research question – How do online news readers respond to reports of incidents of IPV in late life?
- Understanding Falls in Late Life: A Review of the Empirical LiteratureWeaver, Raven H.; Roberto, Karen A.; Brossoie, Nancy (Virginia Tech, 2013-04)One in three Americans aged 65+ experience unanticipated falls requiring medical care annually. Falls are associated with physical and psychological morbidities, decreased quality of life, and high health care costs. From a review of the falls literature published from 2002-2012, three distinct interrelated dimensions of falls emerged: (1)Prevention; (2)Risk Factors; and (3)Intervention strategies. Studies on falls among older community-dwelling adults dominated the literature, although residents of care facilities generally have greater risks of falling. Findings suggest the need for interdisciplinary approaches for fall prevention and intervention that focuses on common risk factors as well as individual circumstances.
- Visions for Tomorrow: Designing Intentional Communities for Rural Southwest VirginiaBrossoie, Nancy (Virginia Tech, 2014)Housing in rural southwest Virginia is aging just like its population. Approximately 70% of homes in the region are more than 30 years old, energy inefficient, and in need of repair. Like many older persons, area residents want to age in place and are looking for ways to achieve that goal. In conjunction with a local livability initiative, local architects, building contractors, aging service providers, community planners, housing professionals, academics, and community members participated in a half day workshop to discuss the meaning of aging in place and to design new intentional communities with new housing options for the regions’ rural, suburban, and urban areas. The three intentional community designs highlighted in this presentation feature new single and multi-family homes built within the scope of current community infrastructure and resources and with accessibility features inside and outside the homes.