Browsing by Author "Block, Barbara"

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    Biological Earth observation with animal sensors
    Jetz, Walter; Tertitski, Grigori; Kays, Roland; Mueller, Uschi; Wikelski, Martin; Akesson, Susanne; Anisimov, Yury; Antonov, Aleksey; Arnold, Walter; Bairlein, Franz; Balta, Oriol; Baum, Diane; Beck, Mario; Belonovich, Olga; Belyaev, Mikhail; Berger, Matthias; Berthold, Peter; Bittner, Steffen; Blake, Stephen; Block, Barbara; Bloche, Daniel; Boehning-Gaese, Katrin; Bohrer, Gil; Bojarinova, Julia; Bommas, Gerhard; Bourski, Oleg; Bragin, Albert; Bragin, Alexandr; Bristol, Rachel; Brlik, Vojtech; Bulyuk, Victor; Cagnacci, Francesca; Carlson, Ben; Chapple, Taylor K.; Chefira, Kalkidan F.; Cheng, Yachang; Chernetsov, Nikita; Cierlik, Grzegorz; Christiansen, Simon S.; Clarabuch, Oriol; Cochran, William; Cornelius, Jamie Margaret; Couzin, Iain; Crofoot, Margret C.; Cruz, Sebastian; Davydov, Alexander; Davidson, Sarah; Dech, Stefan; Dechmann, Dina; Demidova, Ekaterina; Dettmann, Jan; Dittmar, Sven; Dorofeev, Dmitry; Drenckhahn, Detlev; Dubyanskiy, Vladimir; Egorov, Nikolay; Ehnbom, Sophie; Ellis-Soto, Diego; Ewald, Ralf; Feare, Chris; Fefelov, Igor; Fehervari, Peter; Fiedler, Wolfgang; Flack, Andrea; Froboese, Magnus; Fufachev, Ivan; Futoran, Pavel; Gabyshev, Vyachaslav; Gagliardo, Anna; Garthe, Stefan; Gashkov, Sergey; Gibson, Luke; Goymann, Wolfgang; Gruppe, Gerd; Guglielmo, Chris; Hartl, Phil; Hedenstrom, Anders; Hegemann, Arne; Heine, Georg; Ruiz, Maggi Hieber; Hofer, Heribert; Huber, Felix; Hurme, Edward; Iannarilli, Fabiola; Illa, Marc; Isaev, Arkadiy; Jakobsen, Bent; Jenni, Lukas; Jenni-Eiermann, Susi; Jesmer, Brett R.; Jiguet, Frederic; Karimova, Tatiana; Kasdin, N. Jeremy; Kazansky, Fedor; Kirillin, Ruslan; Klinner, Thomas; Knopp, Andreas; Koelzsch, Andrea; Kondratyev, Alexander; Krondorf, Marco; Ktitorov, Pavel; Kulikova, Olga; Kumar, R. Suresh; Kuenzer, Claudia; Larionov, Anatoliy; Larose, Christine; Liechti, Felix; Linek, Nils; Lohr, Ashley; Lushchekina, Anna; Mansfield, Kate; Matantseva, Maria; Markovets, Mikhail; Marra, Peter; Masello, Juan F.; Melzheimer, Joerg; Menz, Myles HM M.; Menzie, Stephen; Meshcheryagina, Swetlana; Miquelle, Dale; Morozov, Vladimir; Mukhin, Andrey; Mueller, Inge; Mueller, Thomas; Navedo, Juan G.; Nathan, Ran; Nelson, Luke; Nemeth, Zoltan; Newman, Scott; Norris, Ryan; Nsengimana, Olivier; Okhlopkov, Innokentiy; Oles, Wioleta; Oliver, Ruth; O'Mara, Teague; Palatitz, Peter; Partecke, Jesko; Pavlick, Ryan; Pedenko, Anastasia; Perry, Alys; Pham, Julie; Piechowski, Daniel; Pierce, Allison; Piersma, Theunis; Pitz, Wolfgang; Plettemeier, Dirk; Pokrovskaya, Irina; Pokrovskaya, Liya; Pokrovsky, Ivan; Pot, Morrison; Prochazka, Petr; Quillfeldt, Petra; Rakhimberdiev, Eldar; Ramenofsky, Marilyn; Ranipeta, Ajay; Rapczynski, Jan; Remisiewicz, Magdalena; Rozhnov, Viatcheslav; Rienks, Froukje; Rozhnov, Vyacheslav; Rutz, Christian; Sakhvon, Vital; Sapir, Nir; Safi, Kamran; Schaeuffelhut, Friedrich; Schimel, David; Schmidt, Andreas; Shamoun-Baranes, Judy; Sharikov, Alexander; Shearer, Laura; Shemyakin, Evgeny; Sherub, Sherub; Shipley, Ryan; Sica, Yanina; Smith, Thomas B.; Simonov, Sergey; Snell, Katherine; Sokolov, Aleksandr; Sokolov, Vasiliy; Solomina, Olga; Spina, Fernando; Spoelstra, Kamiel; Storhas, Martin; Sviridova, Tatiana; Swenson, George; Taylor, Phil; Thorup, Kasper; Tsvey, Arseny; Tucker, Marlee; Tuppen, Sophie; Turner, Woody; Twizeyimana, Innocent; van der Jeugd, Henk; van Schalkwyk, Louis; van Toor, Marielle; Viljoen, Pauli; Visser, Marcel E.; Volkmer, Tamara; Volkov, Andrey; Volkov, Sergey; Volkov, Oleg; von Ronn, Jan AC C.; Vorneweg, Bernd; Wachter, Bettina; Waldenstrom, Jonas; Weber, Natalie; Wegmann, Martin; Wehr, Aloysius; Weinzierl, Rolf; Weppler, Johannes; Wilcove, David; Wild, Timm; Williams, Hannah J.; Wilshire, John H.; Wingfield, John; Wunder, Michael; Yachmennikova, Anna; Yanco, Scott; Yohannes, Elisabeth; Zeller, Amelie; Ziegler, Christian; Ziecik, Anna; Zook, Cheryl (Cell Press, 2022-05-22)
    Space-based tracking technology using low-cost miniature tags is now delivering data on fine-scale animal movement at near-global scale. Linked with remotely sensed environmental data, this offers a biological lens on habitat integrity and connectivity for conservation and human health; a global network of animal sentinels of environmental change.
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    Ecological interactions between 19 shark species in the Indian Ocean
    Gee, Emma; Romanov, Evgeny V.; Curnick, David; Block, Barbara; Ferretti, Francesco (IOTC, 2024-09-07)
    Apex predators such as sharks are a critical component of ocean ecosystems. Yet the ecosystem consequences of shark declines remain poorly understood, primarily because of a lack of population and community baselines. The Indian Ocean is especially data-poor in ecological data, and even moreso in historical data. We utilized a longline survey dataset from 1966 through 1989 that spanned the majority of the Indian Ocean and recorded 19 shark species. This time period corresponds to the start of large-scale industrial fishing in the region. Trends across the species were highly variable; life history and fishing pressure metrics were not able to explain differences in responses between species, suggesting that changes in ecological interactions such as competition and predation had a prevalent role historically. To further explore ecological interactions between the species, we conducted a literature review of the study species’ diets with a focus on intra-guild predation. We constructed an interaction web to identify keystone species. Several species were neither predator nor prey of other sharks, suggesting that competition may be the more salient relationship to other sharks. Overall, species with broader habitat preferences and smaller individuals are now a larger part of the pelagic shark community, whereas open-ocean species have declined. These results suggest that industrial fishing restructured shark communities and diminished the top-down control of sharks in pelagic ecosystems.
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    Emergent research and priorities for shark and ray conservation
    Jorgensen, Salvador J.; Micheli, Fiorenza; White, Timothy D.; Van Houtan, Kyle S.; Alfaro-Shigueto, Joanna; Andrzejaczek, Samantha; Arnoldi, Natalie S.; Baum, Julia K.; Block, Barbara; Britten, Gregory L.; Butner, Cheryl; Caballero, Susana; Cardeñosa, Diego; Chapple, Taylor K.; Clarke, Shelley; Cortés, Enric; Dulvy, Nicholas K.; Fowler, Sarah; Gallagher, Austin J.; Gilman, Eric; Godley, Brendan J.; Graham, Rachel T.; Hammerschlag, Neil; Harry, Alastair V.; Heithaus, Michael R.; Hutchinson, Melanie; Huveneers, Charlie; Lowe, Chris G.; Lucifora, Luis O.; MacKeracher, Tracy; Mangel, Jeffrey C.; Barbosa Martins, Ana Paula; McCauley, Douglas J.; McClenachan, Loren; Mull, Christopher; Natanson, Lisa J.; Pauly, Daniel; Pazmiño, Diana A.; Pistevos, Jennifer C.A.; Queiroz, Nuno; Roff, George; Shea, Brendan D.; Simpfendorfer, Colin A.; Sims, David W.; Ward-Paige, Christine; Worm, Boris; Ferretti, Francesco (Inter-Research, 2022-02-28)
    Over the past 4 decades there has been a growing concern for the conservation status of elasmobranchs (sharks and rays). In 2002, the first elasmobranch species were added to Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). Less than 20 yr later, there were 39 species on Appendix II and 5 on Appendix I. Despite growing concern, effective conservation and management remain challenged by a lack of data on population status for many species, human−wildlife interactions, threats to population viability, and the efficacy of conservation approaches. We surveyed 100 of the most frequently published and cited experts on elasmobranchs and, based on ranked responses, prioritized 20 research questions on elasmobranch conservation. To address these questions, we then convened a group of 47 experts from 35 institutions and 12 countries. The 20 questions were organized into the following broad categories: (1) status and threats, (2) population and ecology, and (3) conservation and management. For each section, we sought to synthesize existing knowledge, describe consensus or diverging views, identify gaps, and suggest promising future directions and research priorities. The resulting synthesis aggregates an array of perspectives on emergent research and priority directions for elasmobranch conservation.