Browsing by Author "Burger, Eric W."
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- Covert and Quantum-Safe Tunneling of Multi-Band Military-RF Communication Waveforms Through Non-Cooperative 5G NetworksAlwan, Elias; Volakis, John; Islam, Md Khadimul; De Silva, Udara; Madanayake, Arjuna; Sanchez, Jose Angel; Sklivanitis, George; Pados, Dimitris A.; Beckwith, Luke; Azarderakhsh, Reza; Muralkrishan, Madhuvanti; Rastogi, Rishabh; Hore, Aniruddha; Burger, Eric W. (IEEE, 2023)We have built a prototype universal radio adapter which furnishes seamless and secure wireless communication through non-cooperative indigenous 5G networks for military and government users. The adapter consists of a waveform-agnostic hardware add-on that tunnels DoD terrestrial and satellite data. The adapter uses secure protocols for cross-connecting military-grade wireless RF communications equipment using spectrum in the range from UHF to Ka-band. A 5G data transport channel replaces the captured spectrum for transporting information at the IQ-sample level. In a sense, we replace the antenna-air interface and wireless channel with a transparent 5G data network. A plurarity of legacy military systems can operate through modern 5G networks in a seamless way without any knowledge of the characteristics of military waveforms. The adapter incorporates AI/ML based methods for smart spectrum sensing and autonomous radio reconfiguration. This enables intelligent interconnection of a number of military radios through non-cooperative (potentially adversarial) 5G commercial cellular networks. The adapter is built on four technical pillars: 1) ultra-wideband apertures for multi-functional and flexible software-defined radios (SDRs) with agile, wideband, and dual-band tunable RF transceivers for FR1/FR2 bands; 2) physical layer operation that involve device authentication via deep-learning based RF fingerprinting and compression of acquired IQ data; 3) secure and reconfigurable cryptographic co-processors employing the new quantum-safe algorithms selected by NIST to achieve authentication, key exchange, and encryption with focus on resource-constrained low size, weight, power, and cost (SWaP-C) devices; and 4) generative artificial intelligence and spread-spectrum steganography to hide DoD traffic passed through 5G networks and improve resiliency against real-time traffic analysis by nation-state carriers and intelligence agencies.
- Measuring Broadband America: A Retrospective on Origins, Achievements, and ChallengesBurger, Eric W.; Krishnaswamy, Padma; Schulzrinne, Henning (ACM, 2023-04)The "Measuring Broadband America" program, run by the United States Federal Communications Commission (FCC), continually measures and releases data on the performance of consumer broadband access networks in the US. This paper presents a retrospective on the program, from its beginnings in 2010 to the present. It also reviews the underlying measurement approaches, philosophies, distinguishing features, and lessons learned over the program's duration thus far. We focus on fixed broadband access since it is the program component with the longest history. We also discuss future directions and challenges.
- Spectrum Sharing of the 12 GHz Band with Two-Way Terrestrial 5G Mobile Services: Motivations, Challenges, and Research Road MapHassan, Zoheb; Heeren-Moon, Erika; Sabzehali, Javad; Shah, Vijay K.; Dietrich, Carl; Reed, Jeffrey H.; Burger, Eric W. (IEEE, 2023-07)Telecommunication industries and spectrum regulation authorities are increasingly interested in unlocking the 12 GHz band for two-way 5G terrestrial services. The 12 GHz band has a much larger bandwidth than the current sub-6 GHz band and better propagation characteristics than the millimeter-wave (mmWave) band. Thus, the 12 GHz band offers great potential for improving the coverage and capacity of terrestrial 5G networks. However, interference issues between incumbent receivers and 5G radio links present a major challenge in the 12 GHz band. If one could exploit the dynamic contexts inherent to the 12 GHz band, one could reform spectrum sharing policy to create spectrum access opportunities for 5G mobile services. This article makes three contributions. First, it presents the characteristics and challenges of the 12 GHz band. Second, we explain the characteristics and requirements for spectrum sharing at a variety of levels to resolve those issues. Lastly, we present several research opportunities to enable harmonious coexistence of incumbent licensees and 5G networks within the 12 GHz band.
- TriSAS: Toward Dependable Inter-SAS Coordination with AuditabilityShi, Shanghao; Xiao, Yang; Du, Changlai; Shi, Yi; Wang, Chonggang; Gazda, Robert; Hou, Y. Thomas; Burger, Eric W.; Dasilva, Luiz; Lou, Wenjing (ACM, 2024-07-01)To facilitate dynamic spectrum sharing, the FCC has designated certified SAS administrators to implement their own spectrum access systems (SASs) that manage the shared spectrum usage in the novel CBRS band. As a premise, different SAS servers must conduct periodic inter-SAS coordination to synchronize service states and avoid allocation conflicts. However, SAS servers may inevitably stop service for regular upgrades, crash down, or even perform maliciously that deviate from the normal routines, posing a fundamental operation security problem — the system shall be robust against these faults to guarantee secure and efficient spectrum sharing service. Unfortunately, the incumbent inter-SAS coordination mechanism, CPAS, is prone to SAS failures and does not support real-time allocation. Recent proposals that rely on blockchain smart contracts or state machine replication mechanisms to realize faulttolerant inter-SAS coordination require all SASs to follow a unified allocation algorithm. They however face performance bottlenecks and cannot accommodate the current fact that different SASs hold their own proprietary allocation algorithms. In this work, we propose TriSAS—a novel inter-SAS coordination mechanism to facilitate secure, efficient, and dependable spectrum allocation that is fully compatible with the existing SAS infrastructure. TriSAS decomposes the coordination process into two phases including input synchronization and decision finalization. The first phase ensures participants share a common input set while the second one fulfills a fair and verifiable spectrum allocation selection, which is generated efficiently via SAS proposers’ proprietary allocation algorithms and evaluated by a customized designed allocation evaluation algorithm (AEA), in the face of no more than one-third of malicious participants. We implemented a prototype of TriSAS on the AWS cloud computing platform and evaluated its throughput and latency performance. The results show that TriSAS achieves high transaction throughput and low latency under various practical settings.