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Browsing by Author "Cannatelli, Claudia"

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    Geochemistry of Melt Inclusions from the Fondo Riccio and Minopoli 1 Eruptions at Campi Flegrei (Italy)
    Cannatelli, Claudia (Virginia Tech, 2006-05-18)
    Campi Flegrei is a large volcanic complex located west of the city of Naples, Italy. The area has been the site of volcanic activity for more than 60 ka and represents a potential volcanic hazard owing to the large local population. In this study, the geochemistry of the magma associated with two different eruptions at Campi Flegrei has been characterized, with the aim to identify geochemical trends that may help to predict the style and nature of future eruptions. Two eruptions of different age and eruptive style have been selected for study, Fondo Riccio (9.5 ka) and Minopoli 1 (11.1 ka). A scoria (CF-FR-C1) and a bomb (CF-FR-C2) were collected from the Fondo Riccio eruption, and two scoria samples were collected from Minopoli 1 (CF-Mi1-C1 and C2) eruption. The pre-eruptive volatile content of magma plays an important role in the style of eruption and can be assessed from studies of melt inclusions (MI) contained in phenocrysts. Major and trace elements in Fondo Riccio MI show a wider variation compared to those in Minopoli 1 MI suggesting that the Fondo Riccio magma residence time was longer compared to the Minopoli 1 magma. Analyses of volatile contents in MI suggest that Fondo Riccio magma may have been more water-rich than Minopoli 1 magma, consistent with the more explosive character of this eruption compared to Minopoli 1. Trace element data suggest a combination of arc volcanic and upper continental crust magma as the source for the Fondo Riccio and Minopoli 1 eruptions.
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    A new approach to assess the degree of contamination and determine sources and risks related to PTEs in an urban environment: the case study of Santiago (Chile)
    Aruta, Antonio; Albanese, Stefano; Daniele, Linda; Cannatelli, Claudia; Buscher, Jamie T.; De Vivo, Benedetto; Petrik, Attila; Cicchella, Domenico; Lima, Annamaria (Springer, 2022-01-10)
    In 2017, a geochemical survey was carried out across the Commune of Santiago, a local administrative unit located at the center of the namesake capital city of Chile, and the concentration of a number of major and trace elements (53 in total) was determined on 121 topsoil samples. Multifractal IDW (MIDW) interpolation method was applied to raw data to generate geochemical baseline maps of 15 potential toxic elements (PTEs); the concentration-area (C-A) plot was applied to MIDW grids to highlight the fractal distribution of geochemical data. Data of PTEs were elaborated to statistically determine local geochemical baselines and to assess the spatial variation of the degree of soil contamination by means of a new method taking into account both the severity of contamination and its complexity. Afterwards, to discriminate the sources of PTEs in soils, a robust Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to data expressed in isometric log-ratio (ilr) coordinates. Based on PCA results, a Sequential Binary Partition (SBP) was also defined and balances were determined to generate contrasts among those elements considered as proxies of specific contamination sources (Urban traffic, productive settlements, etc.). A risk assessment was finally completed to potentially relate contamination sources to their potential effect on public health in the long term. A probabilistic approach, based on Monte Carlo method, was deemed more appropriate to include uncertainty due to spatial variation of geochemical data across the study area. Results showed how the integrated use of multivariate statistics and compositional data analysis gave the authors the chance to both discriminate between main contamination processes characterizing the soil of Santiago and to observe the existence of secondary phenomena that are normally difficult to constrain. Furthermore, it was demonstrated how a probabilistic approach in risk assessment could offer a more reliable view of the complexity of the process considering uncertainty as an integral part of the results.