Browsing by Author "Chappell, William E."
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- Agricultural plant pest control : a training program for the certification of pesticide applicatorsAllen, William A.; Brann, Daniel E.; Chappell, William E.; Drake, Charles R.; McPherson, Robert M.; Martin, J. M.; Roberts, James E.; Smith, Ellen S. (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Extension Division, 1979)
- Aquatic pest control : a training program for certification of pesticide applicatorsCross, Gerald H.; Chappell, William E.; Kates, Allan H.; Swader, Jeff (Virginia Cooperative Extension, 1980)
- Aquatic weed controlBingham, Samuel W.; Chappell, William E.; Rogers, N. K. (Virginia Cooperative Extension Service, 1981-01)Use of pesticides in aquatic environments is quite restricted because of the use of these areas for irrigation, recreation, and domestic water supplies. It is important that chemicals used in these areas be applied strictly in accordance with label directions. MOST AQUATIC HERBICIDES WILL BE MORE EFFECTIVE IF APPLIED WHEN WEEDS FIRST BEGIM ACTIVE GROWTH. THIS SHOULD BE CHECKED BY SA~PLIHG THE LAKE BOTTOM IN THE LATE SPRING OR EARLY SOMMER IM AREAS HEAVILY INFESTED THE YEA~ BEFORE. TREATMENT OF DENSE WEED GROWTH CAN RESULT IN LOSS OF FISH. DURING THE DECOMPOSITION OF THE DEAD PLANTS, OXYGEN DEPLETION CAN OCCUR AND THIS CAN CAUSE FISH KILL. Recommendations for aquatic areas are based on rate per surface areas, rate per acre foot, or parts per million (ppm) • In this particular case, rate per acre foot was chosen rather than ppm. If label directions are given in ppm, they may be used in accordance with the instructions on the label. An acre foot is 1 acre of water 1 foot deep. For a pond with a gradual slope acre feet may be determined approximately by multiplying 1/2 the depth at the deepest point, times the surface area. A pond with 1 surface acre and a gradual slope to 10 feet depth at the deepest point would contain approximately 5 acre feet of water.
- Chemical control of brush and weeds in forests and non-crop areasChappell, William E.; Coartney, James S. (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Extension Division, 1977-01)The treatments given in this section are not for use in crop land unless otherwise indicated under a given crop section. Registration for use of 2,4,5-T on food crops, around homes, recreational areas, ponds and ditch banks has been canceled. These actions do not eliminate registered use of 2,4,5-T for control of weeds and brush on range, pasture and forest or rights-of-way and other non-crop land.
- Chemical pest control information for home fruit productionRobinson, William H.; Chappell, William E. (Virginia Cooperative Extension Service, 1981-02)Growing fruits in the home orchard or garden can be an interesting and satisfying hobby as well as an abundant source of appetizing and nutritious food for the home gardener. Tree fruits as well as small fruits require considerable care. They differ considerably in the amount of care required because of the severity of disease and insect attacks as well as competition from weeds and the length of time from bloom to harvest of the many fruit varieties. As a rule of thumb, the flowers and fruit of most fruit varieties should be protected from diseases and insects by protective sprays from pre-early-blossom time until harvest. Therefore...
- Chemical pest control information for home fruit productionDrake, Charles R.; Robinson, William H.; Chappell, William E.; Horsburgh, Robert L. (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Extension Division, 1977-05)Growing fruits in the home orchard or garden can be an interesting and satisfying hobby as well as an abundant source of appetizing and nutritious food for the home gardener. Tree fruits as well as small fruits require considerable care. They differ considerably in the amount of care required because of the severity of 'disease and insect attacks as well as competition from weeds and the length of time from bloom to harvest of the many fruit varieties. As a rule of thumb, the flowers and fruit of most fruit varieties must be protected from diseases and insects by protective sprays from pre-early-blossom time until harvest. Therefore...
- Chemical weed control in non-bearing apple orchardsChappell, William E.; Kates, Allan H.; Rollins, Howard A.; Williams, George Robertson (Virginia Polytechnic Institute. Agricultural Extension Service., 1963-02)Discusses herbicides used to control weeds in apple orchards, when and where to spray, and how to spray.
- Corn weed controlKates, A. H.; Foy, C. L.; Rud, O. E.; Chappell, William E. (Virginia Cooperative Extension Service, 1976-01)Major corn weeds and their responses to various corn herbicides
- Fenuron in the management of white pineDitman, William David (Virginia Tech, 1961-12-05)Experiments were conducted on the use of granular fenuron, 25% active, for white pine release and establishment. The effect of fenuron on the plant community was also investigated. Studies included in the white pine release experiment were the effect of season of treatment on the kill of hardwoods and percentage survival of indigenous white pine, and the effectiveness of fenuron on various species of hardwoods. All hardwood stems over six feet tall were treated with four grams of active fenuron placed on the soil at the base of the tree. Treatments were made in May 1960, August 1960, and March 1961. The May treatment was most effective in the removal of the hardwoods. There was a reduction of 59% of pines over six feet tall and an increase of 45% of pines less than six feet tall. Red maple and the oaks were the species most susceptible to the treatment; whereas, chestnut, sassafras, and black locust were the least susceptible. In the white pine establishment experiment, the residual effect of fenuron on white pine seedlings, and its effectiveness at a lower rate on various hardwoods were lnvestigated. Each hardwood stem over six feet tall was treated with one gram active fenuron in the spring of 1960. In March 1961, 100 white pine seedlings were planted in each of three plots previously treated. Five months after planting there was 99% survival of the pine seedlings. The one-gram rate was effective against red maple and the oaks but had little effect on sassafras, cucumber tree, and chestnut. Fenuron in some manner changed the composition of the plant community. Fireweed, poke, and several species of Panicum were present in the treated plots but were not present in the untreated buffer strips.
- Multiflora rose and its controlChappell, William E.; Coartney, James S.; Kates, A. H. (Virginia Cooperative Extension Service, 1976-08)Multiflora rose history in Virginia and how to control infestations
- Multiflora rose and its control in pasturesChappell, William E. (Virginia Cooperative Extension Service, 1980-08)Multiflora rose (Rosa muitiflorta thumb.) has been planted in Virginia for more than forty years. It was grown in large quantities at a U. S. Soil Conservation nursery at Sandy Level, Virginia (near Gretna) from the late 1930's until 1953 when the nursery was closed. The nursery supplied the Civilian Conservation Corps and the Soil Conservation Service with plants for growing "living fences" and wildlife plantings. Plants were grown by the millions and shipped all over the United States. These original plantings have continued to spread resulting in the present widespread distribution.
- A practical exercise for understanding the pesticide labelBrann, Daniel E.; Chappell, William E. (Virginia Cooperative Extension Service, 1980)
- A practical exercise for understanding the pesticide labelBrann, Daniel E.; Chappell, William E. (Virginia Cooperative Extension Service, 1979-11)Pesticide recertification test
- Right-of-way pest control : a training program for the certification of pesticide applicatorsChappell, William E.; Coartney, James S.; Link, Michael L.; Lamb, Fred M.; Weidhaas, John A. (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Extension Division, 1979)Rights-of-way maintenance problems may differ within a state or region, but the basic principles are similar in the eastern U.S. Most large rights-of-way applicators operate in ten or more states in one year and operators of ground application equipment frequently work in three or more states during a season. This publication is designed for Virginia,and applicators operating in other states should consult authorities in individual states for specific recommendations and regulations which prevail in that state.
- Translocation of growth regulators in Chara vulgaris, a nonvascular aquatic plant found in Virginia's watersEvrard, Thomas O.; Chappell, William E. (Water Resources Research Center, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, 1967)
- Weed control for commercial strawberry plantings in VirginiaStiles, Herbert D.; Chappell, William E. (Virginia Cooperative Extension Service, 1981-02)Weeds compete with strawberry pl.ants for light, nutrients, and water. This competition reduces strawberry plant size, leaf numbers, branch crown development, fruit quality, and yield. It also shortens the profitable life of the planting, and makes harvesting more difficult, tedious, or more expensive. Luxuriant weed growth can create conditions which encourage fruit rotting and it interferes with effective application of pesticides. Weeds reduce the aesthetic value of a strawberry planting and make it less acceptable for harvesting by pick-your-own customers. Effective year-round weed control is therefore necessary for maximum production of strawberries and it is especially critical when fruit are intended for sale by the pick-your-own method.
- Weed control in vegetable cropsKates, Allan H.; Chappell, William E. (Virginia Cooperative Extension Service, 1969-01)Recommendations for herbicides to use on vegetable crops, and instructions for their use.