Browsing by Author "Eddleman, B."
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- Assessing regional impacts of change: Linking economic and environmental modelsAttwood, J.; McCarl, Bruce A.; Chen, Chi Chung; Eddleman, B.; Nayda, B.; Srinivasan, R. (Barking, England: Elsevier Science Ltd., 2000)There is an increasing demand for holistic analysis of proposed changes that addresses both environmental and economic factors and impacts. Because economic and environmental models typically have very different, seemingly irreconcilable structures, researchers may consider the expectations of policy makers unattainable. However, this paper presents a method for incorporating models with different spatial scales into a coherent national analysis. The authors combine an agricultural model with geographical boundaries on the state and county level and a watershed model with watershed boundaries. This method is the first to provide national analysis that includes economic results at the state and substate level and environmental results at the small watershed level. The example integrated model provides results for a national policy of cropland erosion control and dissemination of improved crop varieties by a state experiment station.
- Economic and environmental impact of improved sorghum and millet technology in MaliEddleman, B.; Kergna, A.; Vitale, J.; McCarl, Bruce A.; Chen, Chi Chung; Dyke, P. (2001)To provide improved methods to assess the impact of introduction and use of technology, a suite of integrated interactive models was created for use in developing countries. The Agricultural Sector Model (ASM) was used to estimate the economic consequences of adopting a new sorghum production system derived from joint U.S. and Malian research under the INTSORMIL CRSP and ICRISAT. It assumed an adoption rate of between 20 and 30% among regions of Mali. Demand is based on estimates of population growth in the year 2015 (World Food Summit target date) for the various regions of Mali. The annual total national welfare associated with adoption of the technology was estimated to be FCFA 635 billion per year in the year 2015. The EPIC model was run with 20-year simulations. The model predicts a reduction in erosion using the new production system ranging 1-3% in the Segou region; 30-43% in Kayes. The reduction is attributed to faster development of canopy cover exhibited with the new system. This is due both to the improved germplasm and the increased use of fertilizer. These results suggest the economic benefits of the new production package are accompanied by positive environmental consequences through reduction in soil erosion.
- Policy and technology options for dairy systems in East Africa: Economic and environmental assessmentKaitho, R.; Eddleman, B.; Chen, Chi Chung; McCarl, Bruce A.; Angerer, Jay; Stuth, Jerry (2001)Assessment of smallholder dairy technology was used as a case study to develop models in the SANREM decision support system. Scenarios depicting the industry before current improvements, the current situation, and forecasted improvements resulting from further adoption of technology were evaluated. GIS methods were used to establish appropriate sampling frames for field studies and analysis. Forage and livestock models supplemented reported data as input to economic and environmental models. Assessment of the impact of alternative smallholder dairy technology packages was evaluated in the Sondu river basin using watershed models driven by economic and environmental models. With demand growth from projected population increases, full adoption of the improved dairy technology package would generate total economic welfare of KS 4,206 million. Full adoption of the technology package in the Sondu river basin would increase sediment loads in the basin by 5% over a 21-year period and stream flow would increase slightly. The general models developed from initial smallholder dairy studies predict annual increases in productivity of between 0.3 and 0.5% per year would be required to sustain food prices at current levels with 2015 demand. Intensification and extensification strategies were evaluated to achieve these levels of productivity. Combinations of strategies were predicted to be the most rational in meeting future food security demands with sustainable use of natural resources.