Browsing by Author "Fountain, Myron O."

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    Identification of Quantitative Resistance to Puccinia striiformis and Puccina triticinia in the Soft Red Winter Wheat Cultivar 'Jamestown'
    Carpenter, Neal R.; Griffey, Carl A.; Malla, Subas; Barnett, Marla D.; Marshall, David; Fountain, Myron O.; Murphy, Joseph Paul; Milus, Eugene; Johnson, Jerry W.; Buck, James; Chao, Shiaoman; Brown-Guedira, Gina L.; Wright, Emily (2017-11)
    Disease resistance is critical in soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. Leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks and stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici Eriks. are destructive pathogens of wheat. Phenotypic data were collected at diverse locations for resistance to leaf rust (North Carolina, Texas, and Virginia) and stripe rust (Arkansas, North Carolina, Georgia, Texas, and Virginia) in a Pioneer '25R47' /'Jamestown' (P47/JT) population composed of 186 FDX5:9 recombinant inbred lines (RILs). The P47/JT RILs were geno-typed with a public 90K iSelect single-nucleotide polymorphism array. Analysis of the P47/ JT population identified two quantitative trait loci (QTL) for leaf rust resistance on chromosome 5B and two QTL for stripe rust resistance on chromosomes 3B and 6A. These QTL were associated with both infection type and disease severity. Phenotypic variation (%) explained by the putative leaf rust resistance QTL of Jamestown on 5B was as high as 22.1%. Variation explained by the putative stripe rust resistance QTL of Jamestown on 3B and 6A was as high as 11.1 and 14.3%, respectively. Introgression and pyramiding of these QTL with other genes conferring resistance to leaf and stripe rusts via marker-assisted selection will facilitate development of soft red winter wheat cultivars having more durable resistance.
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    Identification of quantitative trait loci associated with nitrogen use efficiency in winter wheat
    Brasier, Kyle G.; Ward, Brian P.; Smith, Jared; Seago, John E.; Oakes, Joseph C.; Balota, Maria; Davis, Paul H.; Fountain, Myron O.; Brown-Guedira, Gina L.; Sneller, Clay H.; Thomason, Wade E.; Griffey, Carl A. (2020-02-24)
    Maintaining winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) productivity with more efficient nitrogen (N) management will enable growers to increase profitability and reduce the negative environmental impacts associated with nitrogen loss. Wheat breeders would therefore benefit greatly from the identification and application of genetic markers associated with nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). To investigate the genetics underlying N response, two bi-parental mapping populations were developed and grown in four site-seasons under low and high N rates. The populations were derived from a cross between previously identified high NUE parents (VA05W-151 and VA09W-52) and a shared common low NUE parent, 'Yorktown.' The Yorktown x VA05W-151 population was comprised of 136 recombinant inbred lines while the Yorktown x VA09W-52 population was comprised of 138 doubled haploids. Phenotypic data was collected on parental lines and their progeny for 11 N-related traits and genotypes were sequenced using a genotyping-by-sequencing platform to detect more than 3,100 high quality single nucleotide polymorphisms in each population. A total of 130 quantitative trait loci (QTL) were detected on 20 chromosomes, six of which were associated with NUE and N-related traits in multiple testing environments. Two of the six QTL for NUE were associated with known photoperiod (Ppd-D1 on chromosome 2D) and disease resistance (FHB-4A) genes, two were reported in previous investigations, and one QTL, QNue.151-1D, was novel. The NUE QTL on 1D, 6A, 7A, and 7D had LOD scores ranging from 2.63 to 8.33 and explained up to 18.1% of the phenotypic variation. The QTL identified in this study have potential for marker-assisted breeding for NUE traits in soft red winter wheat.
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    Registration of 'Hilliard' wheat
    Griffey, Carl A.; Malla, Subas; Brooks, Wynse S.; Seago, John E.; Christopher, Anthony; Thomason, Wade E.; Pitman, Robert M.; Markham, Robin; Vaughn, Mark E.; Dunaway, David W.; Beahm, Mary; Barrack, C. Lin; Rucker, Elizabeth; Behl, Harry D.; Hardiman, Thomas H.; Beahm, Bruce R.; Browning, Phillip; Schmale, David G. III; McMaster, Nicole J.; Custis, J. Tommy; Gulick, Steve; Ashburn, S. Bobby; Jones, Ned, Jr.; Baik, Byung-Kee; Bockelman, Harold; Marshall, David; Fountain, Myron O.; Brown-Guedira, Gina L.; Cowger, Christina; Cambron, Sue; Kolmer, James; Jin, Yue; Chen, Xianming; Garland-Campbell, Kimberly; Sparry, Ellen (2020-09)
    'Hilliard' (Reg. no. CV-1163, PI 676271), a soft red winter (SRW) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) developed and tested as VA11W-108 by the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, was released in March 2015. Hilliard was derived from the cross '25R47'/'Jamestown'. Hilliard is widely adapted, from Texas to Ontario, Canada, and provides producers with a mid-season, medium height, awned, semi-dwarf (Rht2) cul tivar that has very high yield potential, good straw strength, and intermediate grain volume weight and quality. It expresses moderate to high levels of resistance to most diseases prevalent in the eastern United States and Ontario. In the 2016-2018 USDA-ARS Uniform SRW Wheat nurseries, Hilliard ranked first in grain yield in the southern nursery across all 3 yr (5,147-5,758 kg ha(-1)). In the uniform eastern nursery, it ranked first for grain yield in 2016 (6,159 kg ha(-1)) and 2017 (5,633 kg ha(-1)) and second in 2018 (5,515 kg ha(-1)). Grain volume weights of Hilliard were similar to overall trial averages in the uniform southern (73.4-75.2 kg hl(-1)) and eastern (70-75.8 kg hl(-1)) nurseries. Hilliard has soft grain texture with flour softness equivalent values varying from 58.1 to 61.7 g 100 g(-1). Straight grade flour yields on a Quadrumat Senior mill varied from 66.8 to 68.4 g kg(-1). Flour protein concentration varied from 7.0 to 9.1 g 100 g(-1) and gluten strength from 108 to 128 g 100 g(-1), as measured by lactic acid solvent retention capacity. Cookie spread diameter varied from 18.3 to 18.6 cm.
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    Registration of 'LCS Compass' Wheat
    Liu, L.; Barnett, Marla D.; Griffey, Carl A.; Malla, Subas; Brooks, Wynse S.; Seago, John E.; Kirby, K.; Thomason, Wade E.; Rucker, E. G.; Behl, Harry D.; Pitman, Robert M.; Dunaway, David W.; Vaughn, Mark E.; Custis, J. Tommy; Seabourn, Bradford W.; Chen, R.; Fountain, Myron O.; Marshall, D.; Graybosch, Robert A.; Divis, L. A.; Hansen, L. E.; Cowger, C.; Cambron, Sue; Jin, Y.; Beahm, Bruce R.; Hardiman, Thomas H.; Lin, C. J.; Mennel, D. Ford; Mennel, Donald L. (2018-12-13)
    'LCS Compass' (Reg. No. CV-1149, PI 675458), a hard red winter (HRW) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), was developed and tested as VA10HRW-13 and co-released by the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station and Limagrain Cereal Seeds, LLC, in 2015. LCS Compass was derived from the cross 'Vision 20' /'Stanof' using a modified bulk breeding method. LCS Compass is a widely adapted, high-yielding, awned, semidwarf (Rht1) HRW wheat with early to medium maturity and resistance or moderate resistance to diseases prevalent in the mid-Atlantic and Great Plains regions of the United States. In the 2013 Uniform Bread Wheat Trial conducted over 18 locations in eastern states, LCS Compass produced an average grain yield of 4609 kg ha(-1) that was similar to 'Vision 30' (4697 kg ha(-1)). In the northern Great Plains, the average grain yield of LCS Compass (4015 kg ha(-1)) over 44 locations in 2013 was similar to 'Jerry' (4013 kg ha(-1)). In the South Dakota crop zone 3 variety test, LCS Compass had a 3-yr (2015-2017) yield average of 5575 kg ha(-1) and was one of highest-yielding cultivars among the 19 cultivars tested over the 3-yr period. LCS Compass has good end-use quality in both the eastern and Great Plains regions of the United States.
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    Registration of 'LCS Wizard' Wheat
    Liu, L.; Barnett, Marla D.; Griffey, Carl A.; Malla, Subas; Brooks, Wynse S.; Seago, John E.; Butler, H.; Thomason, Wade E.; Rucker, E. G.; Behl, Harry D.; Pitman, Robert M.; Dunaway, David W.; Vaughn, Mark E.; Custis, J. Tommy; Seabourn, Bradford W.; Chen, R.; Fountain, Myron O.; Marshall, D.; Graybosch, Robert A.; Divis, L. A.; Hansen, L. E.; Cowger, C.; Cambron, Sue; Jin, Y.; Beahm, Bruce R.; Hardiman, Thomas H.; Lin, C. J.; Mennel, D. Ford; Mennel, Donald L. (2016-01)
    The objective of this research was to develop widely adapted hard winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties to meet the needs of mills, bakeries, and consumers in the eastern and Great Plains regions of the United States. 'LCS Wizard' (Reg. No. CV-1111, PI 669574), a hard red winter (HRW) wheat, was developed and tested as VA08HRW-80 and co-released by the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station and Limagrain Cereal Seeds, LLC in 2013. LCS Wizard was derived from the three-way cross S.6742/92PAN1#33//92PIN#107 using a modified bulk breeding method. LCS Wizard is a widely adapted, high-yielding, awned, semidwarf (Rht1) HRW wheat with midseason spike emergence and resistance or moderate resistance to diseases prevalent in the mid-Atlantic and Great Plains regions. In the 2014 Uniform Bread Wheat Trial conducted over 17 locations in eastern states, LCS Wizard produced an average grain yield of 4717 kg ha(-1), similar to 'Vision 45' (4650 kg ha(-1)). In the northern Great Plains, the average grain yield over 54 locations in 2012 of LCS Wizard (4419 kg ha(-1)) was slightly lower than that of 'Overland' (4659 kg ha(-1)). In the southern Great Plains, its average grain yield (3844 kg ha(-1)) over 85 locations was slightly higher than that of Fuller (3757 kg ha(-1)). LCS Wizard has acceptable end-use quality in both the eastern and Great Plains regions of the United States.
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    Registration of 'SB255' winter barley
    Brooks, Wynse S.; Griffey, Carl A.; Vaughn, Mark E.; Seago, John E.; Thomason, Wade E.; Fitzgerald, Joshua; Christopher, Anthony; Pitman, Robert M.; Dunaway, David W.; Light, Jon; Rucker, Elizabeth; Behl, Harry D.; Beahm, Bruce R.; Browning, Phillip; McMaster, Nicole J.; Schmale, David G. III; Hardiman, Thomas H.; Custis, J. Tommy; Gulick, Steve; Ashburn, S. Bobby; Jones, Ned, Jr.; Marshall, David; Fountain, Myron O.; Tan Tuong; Oakes, Joseph C. (2021-05)
    'SB255' (Reg. no. CV-373, PI 693987) is a six-rowed hulled barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivar with winter growth habit. The cultivar was released by the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station in May 2019. SB255 is widely adapted, high yielding, high grain volume weight, and medium tall. It has good winterhardiness and good straw strength. The spikes of SB255 are strap and slightly waxy with no overlapping lateral kernels and with long awns. Prior to being named, SB255 was tested under the experimental designation VA11B-141 (LA). It was derived from the cross Spont03-44/VA01B-44 and developed using a modified-bulk breeding method. It was evaluated from 2013 to 2019 in the Virginia Official Variety Trials at five to six locations. SB255's average grain yield (5,214 kg ha(-1)) was similar to the check cultivars 'Secretariat' and 'Thoroughbred' but significantly (P <= .05) higher than 'Atlantic', 'Price', 'Callao', 'Nomini', and 'Wysor'. Average grain volume weight of SB255 (60.8 kg hL(-1)) was similar to Secretariat and Price but exceeded (P <= 0.05) those of Thoroughbred, Atlantic, Callao, Nomini, and Wysor. Head emergence of SB255 was similar to Thoroughbred and 2-5 d later than winter feed barley cultivars Secretariat, Atlantic, Price, Callao, and Nomini. SB255 was developed primarily as a feed barley cultivar. It provides barley producers and end users in the eastern United States with a high-grain-yielding cultivar having good to moderate resistance to all diseases prevalent in the eastern United States, including Fusarium head blight (FHB), and also lower deoxynivalenol (DON) accumulation in the grain.
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    Registration of 'Secretariat' Winter Barley
    Griffey, Carl A.; Brooks, Wynse S.; Vaughn, Mark E.; Berger, Gregory L.; Thomason, Wade E.; Pitman, Robert M.; Malla, Subas; Seago, John E.; Dunaway, David W.; Rucker, Elizabeth; Behl, Harry D.; Browning, Phillip; Schmale, David G. III; McMaster, Nicole J.; Hardiman, Thomas H.; Custis, J. Tommy; Starner, David Eugene; Gulick, Steve; Ashburn, S. Bobby; Jones, E. H.; Marshall, David; Fountain, Myron O.; Tuong, Tan Duy; Kurantz, Michael J.; Moreau, Robert A.; Hicks, Kevin B. (2016-08-30)
    ‘Secretariat’ (Reg. No. CV-359, PI 673931) is a six-row hulled winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) developed by the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station and released in May 2014. Secretariat, formerly designated VA08B-85, was derived from the cross VA00B-199/VA00B-259 and developed using a modified bulk breeding method. It was evaluated from 2012 to 2015 in the Virginia Official Variety Trials at five to six locations. Secretariat’s average grain yield (5907 kg ha−1) was higher than the check cultivars ‘Atlantic’, ‘Price’, ‘Callao’, ‘Nomini’, and ‘Wysor’ and similar to ‘Thoroughbred’. Average grain volume weight of Secretariat (61.1 kg hL−1) was similar to Thoroughbred, Atlantic, Price, and Callao and higher than Nomini and Wysor. Head emergence of Secretariat is 6 d earlier than the predominant cultivar Thoroughbred. Earlier maturity is a primary factor determining whether barley or wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is used in double-cropping systems with soybean [Glycine max (Merr.) L.]. Grain of Secretariat produced an average starch concentration (56.9%) that was higher than Price and Callao, similar to Atlantic, but lower than Thoroughbred. Secretariat provides barley producers and end users in the eastern United States with a high-yielding, widely adapted, early-maturing winter barley cultivar that has good grain quality and is highly resistant to leaf rust (caused by Puccinia hordei G. Otth) and powdery mildew [caused by Blumeria graminis (DC.) E.O. Speer f. sp. hordei Em. Marchal].
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    Registration of 'Vision 50' Wheat
    Liu, L.; Barnett, Marla D.; Griffey, Carl A.; Malla, Subas; Brooks, Wynse S.; Seago, John E.; Fitzgerald, Joshua; Thomason, Wade E.; Rucker, E. G.; Behl, Harry D.; Pitman, Robert M.; Dunaway, David W.; Vaughn, Mark E.; Custis, J. Tommy; Seabourn, Bradford W.; Chen, R.; Fountain, Myron O.; Marshall, D.; Cowger, C.; Cambron, Sue; Jin, Y.; Beahm, Bruce R.; Browning, Phillip; Hardiman, Thomas H.; Lin, C. J.; Mennel, D. Ford; Mennel, Donald L. (2019-03-28)
    'Vision 50' (Reg. No. CV-1152, PI 679953), a hard red winter (HRW) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar, was derived from the cross 'Jagalene'/'Provinciale' using a modified bulk breeding method. Vision 50 was tested as VA09HRW-64 in replicated yield trials in Virginia (2011-2017) and in the USDAARS Uniform Bread Wheat Trials (2012-2017) and released by the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station in 2016. Vision 50 is a widely adapted, high-yielding, awned, semidwarf (unknown Rht gene) HRW wheat having mid-to late-season spike emergence, strong straw strength, and resistance or moderate resistance to diseases prevalent in the mid-Atlantic region. In the Virginia Bread Wheat Elite Test from 2014 to 2017, Vision 50 produced a mean yield of 5067 kg ha(-1) that was similar to the highest-yielding (5757 kg ha(-1)) cultivar Shirley, a soft red winter wheat check. Vision 50 has acceptable end-use quality on the basis of comparisons with the HRW wheat check cultivar Jagger for wheat protein (11.3 vs. 12.2 g 100 g(-1)), flour yield (72.7 vs. 66.4 g 100 g(-1)), flour water absorption (59.5 vs. 62.3 g 100 g(-1)), dough mixing tolerance (2.7 vs. 3.0), pup-loaf volume (815 vs. 822 cm(3)), and crumb grain scores (4.2 vs. 3.8).