Browsing by Author "Freilich, Shiri"
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- Assembly and dynamics of the apple carposphere microbiome during fruit development and storageZhimo, V. Yeka; Kumar, Ajay; Biasi, Antonio; Abdelfattah, Ahmed; Sharma, Vijay Kumar; Salim, Shoshana; Feygenberg, Oleg; Bartuv, Rotem; Freilich, Shiri; Whitehead, Susan R.; Wisniewski, Michael; Droby, Samir (Frontiers, 2022-08-09)Microbial communities associated with fruit can contribute to quality and pathogen resistance, but little is known about their assembly and dynamics during fruit development and storage. Three apple cultivars growing under the same environmental conditions were utilized to examine the apple carposphere microbiome composition and structure at different developmental stages and storage. There was a significant effect (Adonis, p <= 0.001) of fruit genotype and its developmental stages and storage times on the fruit surface microbial assemblage and a strong temporal microbial community succession was detected (Mantel test: R <= 0.5, p = 0.001) in both bacterial and fungal communities. A set of 15 bacterial and 35 fungal core successional taxa and members exhibiting differential abundances at different fruit stages were identified. For the first time, we show the existence of underlying universal dynamics in the assembly of fruit-associated microbiomes. We also provide evidence of strong microbial cross-domain associations and uncover potential microbe-microbe correlations in the apple carposphere. Together our findings shed light on how the fruit carposphere assemble and change over time, and provide new insights into fruit microbial ecology.
- Effect of Washing, Waxing and Low-Temperature Storage on the Postharvest Microbiome of AppleAbdelfattah, Ahmed; Whitehead, Susan R.; Macarisin, Dumitru; Liu, Jia; Burchard, Erik; Freilich, Shiri; Dardick, Christopher; Droby, Samir; Wisniewski, Michael (MDPI, 2020-06-23)There is growing recognition of the role that the microbiome plays in the health and physiology of many plant species. However, considerably less research has been conducted on the postharvest microbiome of produce and the impact that postharvest processing may have on its composition. Here, amplicon sequencing was used to study the effect of washing, waxing, and low-temperature storage at 2 °C for six months on the bacterial and fungal communities of apple calyx-end, stem-end, and peel tissues. The results of the present work reveal that tissue-type is the main factor defining fungal and bacterial diversity and community composition on apple fruit. Both postharvest treatments and low temperature storage had a strong impact on the fungal and bacterial diversity and community composition of these tissue types. Distinct spatial and temporal changes in the composition and diversity of the microbiota were observed in response to various postharvest management practices. The greatest impact was attributed to sanitation practices with major differences among unwashed, washed and washed-waxed apples. The magnitude of the differences, however, was tissue-specific, with the greatest impact occurring on peel tissues. Temporally, the largest shift occurred during the first two months of low-temperature storage, although fungi were more affected by storage time than bacteria. In general, fungi and bacteria were impacted equally by sanitation practices, especially the epiphytic microflora of peel tissues. This research provides a foundation for understanding the impact of postharvest management practices on the microbiome of apple and its potential subsequent effects on postharvest disease management and food safety.
- Global analysis of the apple fruit microbiome: are all apples the same?Abdelfattah, Ahmed; Freilich, Shiri; Bartuv, Rotem; Zhimo, V. Yeka; Kumar, Ajay; Biasi, Antonio; Salim, Shoshana; Feygenberg, Oleg; Burchard, Erik; Dardick, Christopher; Liu, Jia; Khan, Awais; Ellouze, Walid; Ali, Shawkat; Spadaro, Davide; Torres, Rosario; Teixido, Neus; Ozkaya, Okan; Buehlmann, Andreas; Vero, Silvana; Mondino, Pedro; Berg, Gabriele; Wisniewski, Michael; Droby, Samir (2021-03-18)We present the first worldwide study on the apple (Malus x domestica) fruit microbiome that examines questions regarding the composition and the assembly of microbial communities on and in apple fruit. Results revealed that the composition and structure of the fungal and bacterial communities associated with apple fruit vary and are highly dependent on geographical location. The study also confirmed that the spatial variation in the fungal and bacterial composition of different fruit tissues exists at a global level. Fungal diversity varied significantly in fruit harvested in different geographical locations and suggests a potential link between location and the type and rate of postharvest diseases that develop in each country. The global core microbiome of apple fruit was represented by several beneficial microbial taxa and accounted for a large fraction of the fruit microbial community. The study provides foundational information about the apple fruit microbiome that can be utilized for the development of novel approaches for the management of fruit quality and safety, as well as for reducing losses due to the establishment and proliferation of postharvest pathogens. It also lays the groundwork for studying the complex microbial interactions that occur on apple fruit surfaces.