Browsing by Author "Hoe, Ruan"

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    An assessment of the determinants of interprovincial migration in China, 1982-1987
    Hoe, Ruan (Virginia Tech, 1990-04-23)
    This study attempted to assess the major determinants of interprovincial migration in the People's Republic of China. The findings suggest that the classical gravity and pull-push hypotheses can also find supporting evidence in the People's Republic of China. Basically, the differential socio-economic characteristics and circumstances determined interprovincial population movement, but relatively speaking, the destination factors played more important roles. Among the variables examined in the study, destination investment and agricultural income level had the strongest pull-force on migrants. On the other hand, unemployment of destination was found to have a push-force discouraging migrants. From the contrast between the positive effect of the destination investment and negative one of the destination unemployment, a conclusion was drawn that the interprovincial migration was largely job-related. Moreover, people in the origin with a higher level of industrialization were less likely to migrate. The analysis also found that the higher level of educational attainment at the origin relative to that at the destination, the higher the migration. In addition, in spite of the similar influence of population and distance on male and female migration streams, the socio-economic conditions affected male migration stream to a larger extent than female migration streams.
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    Is migration a solution to the earnings loss of the displaced workers in the segmented labor market in the U.S.?
    Hoe, Ruan (Virginia Tech, 1994-06-16)
    Earnings loss due to both lower wages at the current job and the time forgone between two jobs is one of the major consequences of job displacement caused by plant closing, moving and downsizing in the 1980s. Is migration a solution? The present study attempts to answer this question empirically by exploring five waves of data on the displaced manufacturing workers from the CPS Displaced Workers Supplements. Human capital theory and neo-classica1 theory of labor migration both assert that migration should improve people's socio-economic status. They largely neglect social and economic structural constraints on the outcomes of individual behavior. From the dynamic segmentation perspective, this study hypothesizes that deindustrialization has been squeezing workers from the subordinate (lower-tier) primary segment down and thus such workers suffered more loss than their counterparts from the independent (upper-tier) segment; since deindustrialization primarily affected the core manufacturing industries, core workers suffered greater loss from displacement relative to their peripheral counterparts. In this context, this study further hypothesizes that migration will not benefit the workers from the subordinate primary segment as much as the workers from the independent primary segments. The empirical results confirm the main hypotheses of the present study: Workers displaced from the subordinate primary segment suffered more earnings loss and longer jobless duration than their counterparts from the independent primary segment. Workers from the core industries experienced longer jobless duration than their counterparts from the peripheral segment. Migration had no effect on the postdisplacement earnings and jobless duration for the displaced workers from either segment. The clear implication of these findings is that migration is no solution. Among other things, occupation/industry change when reemployed is an important factor causing earnings loss; formal educational attainment reduces earnings loss and shortens the jobless duration while work tenure on the pre-displacement job increases earnings loss and lengthens the jobless duration.