Browsing by Author "Horleston, A."

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    Machine learning and marsquakes: a tool to predict atmospheric-seismic noise for the NASA InSight mission
    Stott, A. E.; Garcia, R. F.; Chedozeau, A.; Spiga, A.; Murdoch, N.; Pinot, B.; Mimoun, D.; Charalambous, C.; Horleston, A.; King, Scott D.; Kawamura, T.; Dahmen, N.; Barkaoui, S.; Lognonne, P.; Banerdt, W. B. (Oxford University Press, 2023-01-04)
    The SEIS (seismic experiment for the interior structure of Mars) experiment on the NASA InSight mission has catalogued hundreds of marsquakes so far. However, the detectability of these events is controlled by the weather which generates noise on the seismometer. This affects the catalogue on both diurnal and seasonal scales. We propose to use machine learning methods to fit the wind, pressure and temperature data to the seismic energy recorded in the 0.4–1 and 2.2–2.6 Hz bandwidths to examine low- (LF) and high-frequency (HF) seismic event categories respectively. We implement Gaussian process regression and neural network models for this task. This approach provides the relationship between the atmospheric state and seismic energy. The obtained seismic energy estimate is used to calculate signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) of marsquakes for multiple bandwidths. We can then demonstrate the presence of LF energy above the noise level during several events predominantly categorized as HF, suggesting a continuum in event spectra distribution across the marsquake types. We introduce an algorithm to detect marsquakes based on the subtraction of the predicted noise from the observed data. This algorithm finds 39 previously undetected marsquakes, with another 40 possible candidates. Furthermore, an analysis of the detection algorithm’s variable threshold provides an empirical estimate of marsquake detectivity. This suggests that events producing the largest signal on the seismometer would be seen almost all the time, the median size signal event 45–50 per cent of the time and smallest signal events 5−20 per cent of the time.
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    Surface waves and crustal structure on Mars
    Kim, D.; Banerdt, W. B.; Ceylan, S.; Giardini, D.; Lekic, V.; Lognonne, P.; Beghein, C.; Beucler, E.; Carrasco, S.; Charalambous, C.; Clinton, J.; Drilleau, M.; Duran, C.; Golombek, M.; Joshi, R.; Khan, A.; Knapmeyer-Endrun, B.; Li, J.; Maguire, Ross; Pike, W. T.; Samuel, H.; Schimmel, M.; Schmerr, N. C.; Stahler, S. C.; Stutzmann, E.; Wieczorek, M.; Xu, Z.; Batov, A.; Bozdag, E.; Dahmen, N.; Davis, P.; Gudkova, T.; Horleston, A.; Huang, Q.; Kawamura, T.; King, Scott D.; McLennan, S. M.; Nimmo, F.; Plasman, M.; Plesa, A. C.; Stepanova, I. E.; Weidner, E.; Zenhausern, G.; Daubar, I. J.; Fernando, B.; Garcia, R. F.; Posiolova, L.; Panning, M. P. (AAAS, 2022-10-28)
    We detected surface waves from two meteorite impacts on Mars. By measuring group velocity dispersion along the impact-lander path, we obtained a direct constraint on crustal structure away from the InSight lander. The crust north of the equatorial dichotomy had a shear wave velocity of approximately 3.2 kilometers per second in the 5- to 30-kilometer depth range, with little depth variation. This implies a higher crustal density than inferred beneath the lander, suggesting either compositional differences or reduced porosity in the volcanic areas traversed by the surface waves. The lower velocities and the crustal layering observed beneath the landing site down to a 10-kilometer depth are not a global feature. Structural variations revealed by surface waves hold implications for models of the formation and thickness of the martian crust.