Browsing by Author "Hudson, A. J."

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    Climate change adaptation in conflict-affected countries: A systematic assessment of evidence
    Sitati, Asha; Joe, E.; Pentz, Brian; Grayson, C.; Jaime, C.; Gilmore, Elisabeth A.; Galappaththi, Eranga K.; Hudson, A. J.; Alverio, Gabriela Nagle; Mach, Katharine J.; van Aalst, Maarten K.; Simpson, M.; Schwerdtle, Patricia Nayna; Templeman, Sienna; Zommers, Zinta; Ajibade, Idowu; Chalkasra, Lolita Shaila Safaee; Umunay, P.; Togola, I.; Khouzam, A.; Scarpa, Giulia; Global Adaptation Mapping Initiative Team; Coughlan de Perez, Erin (2021)
    People affected by conflict are particularly vulnerable to climate shocks and climate change, yet little is known about climate change adaptation in fragile contexts. While climate events are one of the many contributing drivers of conflict, feedback from conflict increases vulnerability, thereby creating conditions for a vicious cycle of conflict. In this study, we carry out a systematic review of peer-reviewed literature, taking from the Global Adaptation Mapping Initiative (GAMI) dataset to documenting climate change adaptation occurring in 15 conflict-affected countries and compare the findings with records of climate adaptation finance flows and climate-related disasters in each country. Academic literature is sparse for most conflict-affected countries, and available studies tend to have a narrow focus, particularly on agriculturerelated adaptation in rural contexts and adaptation by low-income actors. In contrast, multilateral and bilateral funding for climate change adaptation addresses a greater diversity of adaptation needs, including water systems, humanitarian programming, and urban areas. Even among the conflict-affected countries selected, we find disparity, with several countries being the focus of substantial research and funding, and others seeing little to none. Results indicate that people in conflict-affected contexts are adapting to climate change, but there is a pressing need for diverse scholarship across various sectors that documents a broader range of adaptation types and their results.
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    Equity in human adaptation-related responses: A systematic global review
    Araos, Malcolm; Jagannathan, Kripa; Shukla, Roopam; Ajibade, Idowu; Coughlan de Perez, Erin; Davis, Katy; Ford, James D.; Galappaththi, Eranga K.; Grady, Caitlin; Hudson, A. J.; Joe, Elphin Tom; Kirchhoff, Christine J.; Lesnikowski, Alexandra; Alverio, Gabriela Nagle; Nielsen, Miriam; Orlove, Ben; Pentz, Brian; Reckien, Diana; Siders, A. R.; Ulibarri, Nicola; van Aalst, Maarten K.; Abu, Thelma Zulfawu; Agrawal, Tanvi; Berrang-Ford, Lea; Kerr, Rachel Bezner; Coggins, Shaugn; Garschagen, Matthias; Harden, Alexandra; Mach, Katharine J.; Nunbogu, Abraham Marshall; Spandan, Pandey; Templeman, Sienna; Turek-Hankins, Lynee L. (Elsevier, 2021-10-22)
    Growing evidence suggests that climate adaptation responses that do not incorporate equity considerations may worsen inequality and increase vulnerability. Using data from a systematic review of peer-reviewed empirical research on adaptation responses to climate change (n = 1,682), we present an assessment of how social equity is considered in adaptation across regions, sectors, and social groups. Roughly 60% of peer-reviewed literature on adaptation responses considers social equity by reporting on which marginalized groups were involved in planning or implementation. Articles on responses in Africa and Asia and those focusing on poverty reduction most frequently considered social equity. Equity was less likely to be considered in adaptation responses in Europe, Australasia, and North America, as well as in literature focused on cities. Income-based inequity was more frequently considered than gender, age, or Indigenous status. Ethnic and racial minorities, migrants, and people with disabilities were rarely considered. Attention to the levels and forms in which equity is integrated into adaptation research and practice is needed to ensure just adaptation.