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Browsing by Author "Keinath, Andreas"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
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    Checklist for Expert Evaluation of HMIs of Automated Vehicles—Discussions on Its Value and Adaptions of the Method within an Expert Workshop
    Schömig, Nadja; Wiedemann, Katharina; Hergeth, Sebastian; Forster, Yannick; Muttart, Jeffrey; Eriksson, Alexander; Mitropoulos-Rundus, David; Grove, Kevin; Krems, Josef; Keinath, Andreas; Neukum, Alexandra; Naujoks, Frederik (MDPI, 2020-04-24)
    Within a workshop on evaluation methods for automated vehicles (AVs) at the Driving Assessment 2019 symposium in Santa Fe; New Mexico, a heuristic evaluation methodology that aims at supporting the development of human–machine interfaces (HMIs) for AVs was presented. The goal of the workshop was to bring together members of the human factors community to discuss the method and to further promote the development of HMI guidelines and assessment methods for the design of HMIs of automated driving systems (ADSs). The workshop included hands-on experience of rented series production partially automated vehicles, the application of the heuristic assessment method using a checklist, and intensive discussions about possible revisions of the checklist and the method itself. The aim of the paper is to summarize the results of the workshop, which will be used to further improve the checklist method and make the process available to the scientific community. The participants all had previous experience in HMI design of driver assistance systems, as well as development and evaluation methods. They brought valuable ideas into the discussion with regard to the overall value of the tool against the background of the intended application, concrete improvements of the checklist (e.g., categorization of items; checklist items that are currently perceived as missing or redundant in the checklist), when in the design process the tool should be applied, and improvements for the usability of the checklist.
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    The "Out-of-the-Loop" concept in automated driving: proposed definition, measures and implications
    Merat, Natasha; Seppelt, Bobbie; Louw, Tyron; Engström, Johan; Lee, John D.; Johansson, Emma; Green, Charles A.; Katazaki, Satoshi; Monk, Chris; Itoh, Makoto; McGehee, Daniel V.; Sunda, Takashi; Unoura, Kiyozumi; Victor, Trent; Schieben, Anna; Keinath, Andreas (Springer, 2019-02)
    Despite an abundant use of the term Out of the loop (OOTL) in the context of automated driving and human factors research, there is currently a lack of consensus on its precise definition, how it can be measured, and the practical implications of being in or out of the loop during automated driving. The main objective of this paper is to consider the above issues, with the goal of achieving a shared understanding of the OOTL concept between academics and practitioners. To this end, the paper reviews existing definitions of OOTL and outlines a set of concepts, which, based on the human factors and driver behaviour literature, could serve as the basis for a commonly-agreed definition. Following a series of working group meetings between representatives from academia, research institutions and industrial partners across Europe, North America, and Japan, we suggest a precise definition of being in, out, and on the loop in the driving context. These definitions are linked directly to whether or not the driver is in physical control of the vehicle, and also the degree of situation monitoring required and afforded by the driver. A consideration of how this definition can be operationalized and measured in empirical studies is then provided, and the paper concludes with a short overview of the implications of this definition for the development of automated driving functions.