Browsing by Author "Lisinski, Jonathan"

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    Early childhood investment impacts social decision-making four decades later
    Luo, Yi; Hétu, Sébastien; Lohrenz, Terry; Hula, Andreas; Dayan, Peter; Ramey, Sharon L.; Sonnier-Netto, Mary Elizabeth; Lisinski, Jonathan; LaConte, Stephen M.; Nolte, Tobias; Fonagy, Peter; Rahmani, Elham; Montague, P. Read; Ramey, Craig T. (Nature Research, 2018-11-20)
    Early childhood educational investment produces positive effects on cognitive and non-cognitive skills, health, and socio-economic success. However, the effects of such interventions on social decision-making later in life are unknown. We recalled participants from one of the oldest randomized controlled studies of early childhood investment—the Abecedarian Project (ABC)—to participate in well-validated interactive economic games that probe social norm enforcement and planning. We show that in a repeated-play ultimatum game, ABC participants who received high-quality early interventions strongly reject unequal division of money across players (disadvantageous or advantageous) even at significant cost to themselves. Using a multi-round trust game and computational modeling of social exchange, we show that the same intervention participants also plan further into the future. These findings suggest that high quality early childhood investment can result in long-term changes in social decision-making and promote social norm enforcement in order to reap future benefits.
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    MRI brain templates of the male Yucatan minipig
    Norris, Carly; Lisinski, Jonathan; McNeil, Elizabeth M.; VanMeter, John W.; VandeVord, Pamela J.; LaConte, Stephen M. (Elsevier, 2021-07-15)
    The pig is growing in popularity as an experimental animal because its gyrencephalic brain is similar to humans. Currently, however, there is a lack of appropriate brain templates to support functional and structural neuroimaging pipelines. The primary contribution of this work is an average volume from an iterative, non-linear registration of 70 five- to seven-month-old male Yucatan minipigs. In addition, several aspects of this study are unique, including the comparison of linear and non-linear template generation, the characterization of a large and homogeneous cohort, an analysis of effective resolution after averaging, and the evaluation of potential in-template bias as well as a comparison with a template from another minipig species using a “left-out” validation set. We found that within our highly homogeneous cohort, non-linear registration produced better templates, but only marginally so. Although our T1-weighted data were resolution limited, we preserved effective resolution across the multi-subject average, produced templates that have high gray-white matter contrast and demonstrate superior registration accuracy compared to an alternative minipig template.
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    Neuroimaging Strategies Addressing Challenges in Using fMRI for the Children with Cerebral Palsy
    Lee-Park, Juniper J.; Deshpande, Harshawardhan; Lisinski, Jonathan; LaConte, Stephen M.; Ramey, Sharon L.; DeLuca, Stephanie C. (Scientific Research Publishing Inc., 2018-05-17)
    Aim: This study sought to develop a process and methodology that could be a useful clinical and research tool for successfully completing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning in children with Cerebral Palsy. Method: Six children with CP (mean age of 8.83 years; five with spastic hemiplegia, one with spastic quadriplegia) and three children with typical development (mean age of 9.33 years) completed an fMRI scanning protocol that used real-time motion feedback as a means of minimizing head and trunk motion. Anatomical, resting-state, and motor-task scans were sequentially obtained from each subject. Precentral “hand-knob” regions were identified on the anatomical scan and served as seed regions to reveal the functional connectivity of each subject’s brain as associated with hand movement. Results: Real-time motion feedback aided children in successful completion of resting state scans. Functional connectivity and brain activity mapping were obtained based on anatomical landmarks, and laterality indices were developed based on the obtained functional-connectivity map to specify a dominant side of brain activity that was matched to a clinical profile, despite anatomical variations that occur with Cerebral Palsy. Interpretation: Real-time motion feedback and the development of laterality indices can improve the clinical and research utility of fMRI scanning. What this paper adds: 1)Presents a real-time imaging protocol for fMRI to help children complete scanning; 2) Presents an fMRI methodology to obtain laterality indices in the presence of abnormal anatomy; 3) Provides findings of LI that match clinical diagnosis.