Browsing by Author "Marshall, David"

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    Construction of Reference Chromosome-Scale Pseudomolecules for Potato: Integrating the Potato Genome with Genetic and Physical Maps
    Sharma, Sanjeev Kumar; Bolser, Daniel; de Boer, Jan; Sonderkaer, Mads; Amoros, Walter; Carboni, Martin Federico; D'Ambrosio, Juan Martin; de la Cruz, German; Di Genova, Alex; Douches, David S.; Eguiluz, Maria; Guo, Xiao; Guzman, Frank; Hackett, Christine A.; Hamilton, John P.; Li, Guangcun; Li, Ying; Lozano, Roberto; Maass, Alejandro; Marshall, David; Martinez, Diana; McLean, Karen; Mejia, Nilo; Milne, Linda; Munive, Susan; Nagy, Istvan; Ponce, Olga; Ramirez, Manuel; Simon, Reinhard; Thomson, Susan J.; Torres, Yerisf; Waugh, Robbie; Zhang, Zhonghua; Huang, Sanwen; Visser, Richard G. F.; Bachem, Christian W. B.; Sagredo, Boris; Feingold, Sergio E.; Orjeda, Gisella; Veilleux, Richard E.; Bonierbale, Merideth; Jacobs, Jeanne M. E.; Milbourne, Dan; Martin, David Michael Alan; Bryan, Glenn J. (Genetics Society of America, 2013-11)
    The genome of potato, a major global food crop, was recently sequenced. The work presented here details the integration of the potato reference genome (DM) with a new sequence-tagged site marker-based linkage map and other physical and genetic maps of potato and the closely related species tomato. Primary anchoring of the DM genome assembly was accomplished by the use of a diploid segregating population, which was genotyped with several types of molecular genetic markers to construct a new similar to 936 cM linkage map comprising 2469 marker loci. In silico anchoring approaches used genetic and physical maps from the diploid potato genotype RH89-039-16 (RH) and tomato. This combined approach has allowed 951 superscaffolds to be ordered into pseudomolecules corresponding to the 12 potato chromosomes. These pseudomolecules represent 674 Mb (similar to 93%) of the 723 Mb genome assembly and 37,482 (similar to 96%) of the 39,031 predicted genes. The superscaffold order and orientation within the pseudomolecules are closely collinear with independently constructed high density linkage maps. Comparisons between marker distribution and physical location reveal regions of greater and lesser recombination, as well as regions exhibiting significant segregation distortion. The work presented here has led to a greatly improved ordering of the potato reference genome superscaffolds into chromosomal pseudomolecules.
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    Identification of Quantitative Resistance to Puccinia striiformis and Puccina triticinia in the Soft Red Winter Wheat Cultivar 'Jamestown'
    Carpenter, Neal R.; Griffey, Carl A.; Malla, Subas; Barnett, Marla D.; Marshall, David; Fountain, Myron O.; Murphy, Joseph Paul; Milus, Eugene; Johnson, Jerry W.; Buck, James; Chao, Shiaoman; Brown-Guedira, Gina L.; Wright, Emily (2017-11)
    Disease resistance is critical in soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. Leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks and stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici Eriks. are destructive pathogens of wheat. Phenotypic data were collected at diverse locations for resistance to leaf rust (North Carolina, Texas, and Virginia) and stripe rust (Arkansas, North Carolina, Georgia, Texas, and Virginia) in a Pioneer '25R47' /'Jamestown' (P47/JT) population composed of 186 FDX5:9 recombinant inbred lines (RILs). The P47/JT RILs were geno-typed with a public 90K iSelect single-nucleotide polymorphism array. Analysis of the P47/ JT population identified two quantitative trait loci (QTL) for leaf rust resistance on chromosome 5B and two QTL for stripe rust resistance on chromosomes 3B and 6A. These QTL were associated with both infection type and disease severity. Phenotypic variation (%) explained by the putative leaf rust resistance QTL of Jamestown on 5B was as high as 22.1%. Variation explained by the putative stripe rust resistance QTL of Jamestown on 3B and 6A was as high as 11.1 and 14.3%, respectively. Introgression and pyramiding of these QTL with other genes conferring resistance to leaf and stripe rusts via marker-assisted selection will facilitate development of soft red winter wheat cultivars having more durable resistance.
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    Managing Fusarium Head Blight in Winter Barley With Cultivar Resistance and Fungicide
    Cowger, Christina; Arellano, Consuelo; Marshall, David; Fitzgerald, Joshua (2019-08)
    Although there has been research on managing Fusarium head blight (FHB) in spring barley, little has been published on cultivar resistance and optimal fungicide timing for FHB management in winter barley. A 3-year (2015 to 2017) field experiment was conducted to measure FHB resistance of winter barley varieties, gauge the potential benefit from a fungicide, and help determine the optimal timing for fungicide application. The split-plot experiment took place in a misted, inoculated nursery in Raleigh, North Carolina using main plots of four winter barley cultivars (Atlantic, Endeavor, Nomini, and Thoroughbred). Three fungicide treatments were applied to subplots: prothioconazole + tebuconazole at full spike emergence, the same fungicide 6 days later, or no fungicide. The late applications significantly reduced FHB index in each of 3 years and significantly reduced deoxynivalenol (DON) in harvested grain in 2 of the 3 years. Applications at full spike emergence also yielded significant benefit in 1 of the 3 years for each parameter. Neither disease symptoms nor DON gave reason to prefer one of the fungicide timings over the other. Across the 3 years, DON ranked the cultivars Endeavor < Nomini = Thoroughbred < Atlantic. Combining the moderate resistance of Endeavor with a fungicide application and averaging the two timings resulted in a 75% DON reduction compared with unsprayed Atlantic. Taken together, our results indicate that barley growers concerned about minimizing DON should both plant moderately resistant varieties and apply fungicide if there is scab risk. During the same period, 16 commercial winter barley cultivars were tested in from three to seven Virginia and North Carolina environments each, and the DON results were compared after standardization across environments. The winter two-row malting barley cultivars Endeavor and Calypso displayed superior and robust DON resistance across environments.
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    Registration of 'Hilliard' wheat
    Griffey, Carl A.; Malla, Subas; Brooks, Wynse S.; Seago, John E.; Christopher, Anthony; Thomason, Wade E.; Pitman, Robert M.; Markham, Robin; Vaughn, Mark E.; Dunaway, David W.; Beahm, Mary; Barrack, C. Lin; Rucker, Elizabeth; Behl, Harry D.; Hardiman, Thomas H.; Beahm, Bruce R.; Browning, Phillip; Schmale, David G. III; McMaster, Nicole J.; Custis, J. Tommy; Gulick, Steve; Ashburn, S. Bobby; Jones, Ned, Jr.; Baik, Byung-Kee; Bockelman, Harold; Marshall, David; Fountain, Myron O.; Brown-Guedira, Gina L.; Cowger, Christina; Cambron, Sue; Kolmer, James; Jin, Yue; Chen, Xianming; Garland-Campbell, Kimberly; Sparry, Ellen (2020-09)
    'Hilliard' (Reg. no. CV-1163, PI 676271), a soft red winter (SRW) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) developed and tested as VA11W-108 by the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, was released in March 2015. Hilliard was derived from the cross '25R47'/'Jamestown'. Hilliard is widely adapted, from Texas to Ontario, Canada, and provides producers with a mid-season, medium height, awned, semi-dwarf (Rht2) cul tivar that has very high yield potential, good straw strength, and intermediate grain volume weight and quality. It expresses moderate to high levels of resistance to most diseases prevalent in the eastern United States and Ontario. In the 2016-2018 USDA-ARS Uniform SRW Wheat nurseries, Hilliard ranked first in grain yield in the southern nursery across all 3 yr (5,147-5,758 kg ha(-1)). In the uniform eastern nursery, it ranked first for grain yield in 2016 (6,159 kg ha(-1)) and 2017 (5,633 kg ha(-1)) and second in 2018 (5,515 kg ha(-1)). Grain volume weights of Hilliard were similar to overall trial averages in the uniform southern (73.4-75.2 kg hl(-1)) and eastern (70-75.8 kg hl(-1)) nurseries. Hilliard has soft grain texture with flour softness equivalent values varying from 58.1 to 61.7 g 100 g(-1). Straight grade flour yields on a Quadrumat Senior mill varied from 66.8 to 68.4 g kg(-1). Flour protein concentration varied from 7.0 to 9.1 g 100 g(-1) and gluten strength from 108 to 128 g 100 g(-1), as measured by lactic acid solvent retention capacity. Cookie spread diameter varied from 18.3 to 18.6 cm.
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    Registration of 'SB255' winter barley
    Brooks, Wynse S.; Griffey, Carl A.; Vaughn, Mark E.; Seago, John E.; Thomason, Wade E.; Fitzgerald, Joshua; Christopher, Anthony; Pitman, Robert M.; Dunaway, David W.; Light, Jon; Rucker, Elizabeth; Behl, Harry D.; Beahm, Bruce R.; Browning, Phillip; McMaster, Nicole J.; Schmale, David G. III; Hardiman, Thomas H.; Custis, J. Tommy; Gulick, Steve; Ashburn, S. Bobby; Jones, Ned, Jr.; Marshall, David; Fountain, Myron O.; Tan Tuong; Oakes, Joseph C. (2021-05)
    'SB255' (Reg. no. CV-373, PI 693987) is a six-rowed hulled barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivar with winter growth habit. The cultivar was released by the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station in May 2019. SB255 is widely adapted, high yielding, high grain volume weight, and medium tall. It has good winterhardiness and good straw strength. The spikes of SB255 are strap and slightly waxy with no overlapping lateral kernels and with long awns. Prior to being named, SB255 was tested under the experimental designation VA11B-141 (LA). It was derived from the cross Spont03-44/VA01B-44 and developed using a modified-bulk breeding method. It was evaluated from 2013 to 2019 in the Virginia Official Variety Trials at five to six locations. SB255's average grain yield (5,214 kg ha(-1)) was similar to the check cultivars 'Secretariat' and 'Thoroughbred' but significantly (P <= .05) higher than 'Atlantic', 'Price', 'Callao', 'Nomini', and 'Wysor'. Average grain volume weight of SB255 (60.8 kg hL(-1)) was similar to Secretariat and Price but exceeded (P <= 0.05) those of Thoroughbred, Atlantic, Callao, Nomini, and Wysor. Head emergence of SB255 was similar to Thoroughbred and 2-5 d later than winter feed barley cultivars Secretariat, Atlantic, Price, Callao, and Nomini. SB255 was developed primarily as a feed barley cultivar. It provides barley producers and end users in the eastern United States with a high-grain-yielding cultivar having good to moderate resistance to all diseases prevalent in the eastern United States, including Fusarium head blight (FHB), and also lower deoxynivalenol (DON) accumulation in the grain.
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    Registration of 'Secretariat' Winter Barley
    Griffey, Carl A.; Brooks, Wynse S.; Vaughn, Mark E.; Berger, Gregory L.; Thomason, Wade E.; Pitman, Robert M.; Malla, Subas; Seago, John E.; Dunaway, David W.; Rucker, Elizabeth; Behl, Harry D.; Browning, Phillip; Schmale, David G. III; McMaster, Nicole J.; Hardiman, Thomas H.; Custis, J. Tommy; Starner, David Eugene; Gulick, Steve; Ashburn, S. Bobby; Jones, E. H.; Marshall, David; Fountain, Myron O.; Tuong, Tan Duy; Kurantz, Michael J.; Moreau, Robert A.; Hicks, Kevin B. (2016-08-30)
    ‘Secretariat’ (Reg. No. CV-359, PI 673931) is a six-row hulled winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) developed by the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station and released in May 2014. Secretariat, formerly designated VA08B-85, was derived from the cross VA00B-199/VA00B-259 and developed using a modified bulk breeding method. It was evaluated from 2012 to 2015 in the Virginia Official Variety Trials at five to six locations. Secretariat’s average grain yield (5907 kg ha−1) was higher than the check cultivars ‘Atlantic’, ‘Price’, ‘Callao’, ‘Nomini’, and ‘Wysor’ and similar to ‘Thoroughbred’. Average grain volume weight of Secretariat (61.1 kg hL−1) was similar to Thoroughbred, Atlantic, Price, and Callao and higher than Nomini and Wysor. Head emergence of Secretariat is 6 d earlier than the predominant cultivar Thoroughbred. Earlier maturity is a primary factor determining whether barley or wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is used in double-cropping systems with soybean [Glycine max (Merr.) L.]. Grain of Secretariat produced an average starch concentration (56.9%) that was higher than Price and Callao, similar to Atlantic, but lower than Thoroughbred. Secretariat provides barley producers and end users in the eastern United States with a high-yielding, widely adapted, early-maturing winter barley cultivar that has good grain quality and is highly resistant to leaf rust (caused by Puccinia hordei G. Otth) and powdery mildew [caused by Blumeria graminis (DC.) E.O. Speer f. sp. hordei Em. Marchal].