Browsing by Author "Massey, Arthur B."
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- A bacteriological survey of the practices used by a local creamery in handling and manufacturing dairy productsAlphin, Horace E. (Virginia Tech, 1935-05-15)Introduction: Modern dairy practice is subject to many regulations designed to prevent a product being delivered to the consumer in an unsanitary condition. Large numbers of bacteria do not necessarily condemn food products, but usually an excessive number of bacteria is associated with inferior materials and unsanitary practices. Definite legal limits of the number of bacteria permissible in the milk supply have been established by the health authorities, and the burden rests primarily upon the retailer to observe them. If the distributor is to maintain the highest standards of keeping quality it is essential for him to have some knowledge of the bacterial action going on in the pasteurizing, cooling, and bottling processes. The main factor in protecting the keeping quality of milk becomes one of preventing the entrance of bacteria, of destroying them after they enter, or of keeping them at a low temperature to check their growth. The first interest of the distributor should be to restrict the number of bacteria getting into the milk, so long as is practical with the expense involved. The problem of plant contamination can be most economically approached by making an extensive survey of the product from the time it enters the creamery until it is ready for delivery. The survey was made to show the influence that the various manufacturing operations exert on the bacterial content of fluid milk, butter, and ice cream. It is reasonable to suppose that some parts of the processing equipment are greater bacterial contributors than others. If the plant operator had some knowledge of the most abundant sources of contamination, he could make an effort to keep the number of bacteria to a minimum, by exercising greater care in cleaning and sterilizing the utensils.
- Enjoy native plants through wise useMassey, Arthur B. (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Extension Division, 1968-04)Native plant conservation methods explained
- Evaluation of some cottontail rabbit management procedures as applied in Piedmont VirginiaWoronecki, Paul Peter (Virginia Tech, 1961-06-05)Seasonal population fluctuations of the cottontail rabbit were measured by evening roadside counts and trapping. During the latter part of July, roadside counts showed a rather marked and drastic decline in the number of rabbits. This decline was forecast by the low number of rabbits seen in the field and the low number of rabbits the investigator was able to trap. Further confirmation of this decline came during the first week of the 1960-61 hunting season. A 42 per cent decrease in the number of rabbits killed occurred in spite of a 10 per cent increase in hunting pressure. By the end of the hunting season a 60 per cent decrease in the rabbit harvest was recorded.
- Farm weeds : their importance and controlMassey, Arthur B. (Virginia Polytechnic Institute. Agricultural Extension Service, 1953-11)Prepared in an attempt to bring about a better understanding of weed problems and how to handle them, and stimulate interest in knowing various weeds.
- An investigation as to the inconsistencies of the methylene blue reduction test and means of controlling sameAlphin, Horace E. (Virginia Tech, 1935-09-05)The dissolved oxygen content of market milk fluctuates enough to cause a variation in the test.
- Resident and migrant blackbirds in southeastern Virginia: Agricultural depredations and winter roost locationsHardy, Joe Wayne (Virginia Tech, 1961-06-05)In an effort to determine type, extent, and distribution of agricultural damage by blackbirds, county-wide damage appraisals were conducted in the fall of 1960. Crops checked included corn, peanuts, and milo. Based on the 96 fields examined throughout Nansemond County, the average monetary loss to the corn crop was slightly less than $.05 per acre. This loss can be reduced by planting a variety with a high degree of ear drooping and planting as early as possible. The peanuts appeared to be the crop most heavily damaged. An estimated 50 per cent of the crop was picked before blackbirds arrived. Of the part of the crop left exposed after the arrival of the blackbirds, only a small portion sustained damages amounting to above $5 per acre. By harvesting peanuts at an early date, losses to blackbirds can virtually be eliminated. The 1960 milo crop was not damaged by birds nearly so severely as previous crops were reported to have been. Anthracnose, a fungal disease, accounted for about 86 per cent of the damage previously called "bird damage." An estimated 15 per cent of this crop was destroyed by anthracnose, insects, and birds. In the case of all three crops, it was noted that the first and most severe damage was to those fields nearest nesting and roosting habitat.
- A study of Bacillus aroideae, Townsend, the cause of a soft rot of tomato, and B. carotovorus JonesMassey, Arthur B. (Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute, 1924)INTRODUCTION In the summer of 1918, at Blacksburg, Virginia, there developed a considerable amount of a soft rot of tomatoes. This occurred in experimental plots which were designated to study the control of septoria leaf blight, and the soft rot of the fruit developed into an important factor. In describing these experiments Fromme (2) states: "Practically all of the unsoundness of the fruit was caused by bacterial soft rot, a disease which is exceedingly common and often very destructive in tomato fields in Virginia." Isolations from diseased fruits made by S. A. Wingard proved a bacterium to be the causative agent. Its growth in pure culture resembled that of the group of bacteria which causes soft rots of plants but it could not be readily assigned to any of the described species of this group. There has been only casual mention of a bacterial soft rot of tomato in literature, and the distinguishing features of the organisms which might be responsible have not been as sharply defined as is desirable. It was decided, therefore, to undertake comparative studies of the organism in question together with some of the non-chromogenic soft rot forms.