Browsing by Author "Mian, M. A. Rouf"
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- Analysis of tall fescue ESTs representing different abiotic stresses, tissue types and developmental stagesMian, M. A. Rouf; Zhang, Yan; Wang, Zeng-Yu; Zhang, Ji-Yi; Cheng, Xiaofei; Chen, Lei; Chekhovskiy, Konstantin; Dai, Xinbin; Mao, Chunhong; Cheung, Foo; Zhao, Xuechun; He, Ji; Scott, Angela D.; Town, Christopher D.; May, Gregory D. (2008-03-04)Background Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb) is a major cool season forage and turf grass species grown in the temperate regions of the world. In this paper we report the generation of a tall fescue expressed sequence tag (EST) database developed from nine cDNA libraries representing tissues from different plant organs, developmental stages, and abiotic stress factors. The results of inter-library and library-specific in silico expression analyses of these ESTs are also reported. Results A total of 41,516 ESTs were generated from nine cDNA libraries of tall fescue representing tissues from different plant organs, developmental stages, and abiotic stress conditions. The Festuca Gene Index (FaGI) has been established. To date, this represents the first publicly available tall fescue EST database. In silico gene expression studies using these ESTs were performed to understand stress responses in tall fescue. A large number of ESTs of known stress response gene were identified from stressed tissue libraries. These ESTs represent gene homologues of heat-shock and oxidative stress proteins, and various transcription factor protein families. Highly expressed ESTs representing genes of unknown functions were also identified in the stressed tissue libraries. Conclusion FaGI provides a useful resource for genomics studies of tall fescue and other closely related forage and turf grass species. Comparative genomic analyses between tall fescue and other grass species, including ryegrasses (Lolium sp.), meadow fescue (F. pratensis) and tetraploid fescue (F. arundinacea var glaucescens) will benefit from this database. These ESTs are an excellent resource for the development of simple sequence repeat (SSR) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) PCR-based molecular markers.
- A chromosome 16 deletion conferring a high sucrose phenotype in soybeanOstezan, Alexandra; Prenger, Elizabeth M.; Rosso, Luciana; Zhang, Bo; Stupar, Robert M.; Glenn, Travis; Mian, M. A. Rouf; Li, Zenglu (Springer, 2023-05)Key messageSucrose in soybean seeds is desirable for many end-uses. Increased sucrose contents were discovered to associate with a chromosome 16 deletion resulting from fast neutron irradiation.Soybean is one of the most economically important crops in the United States. A primary end-use of soybean is for livestock feed. Therefore, genetic improvement of seed composition is one of the most important goals in soybean breeding programs. Sucrose is desired in animal feed due to its role as an easily digestible energy source. An elite soybean line was irradiated with fast neutrons and the seed from plants were screened for altered seed composition with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR). One mutant line, G15FN-54, was found to have higher sucrose content (8-9%) than the parental line (5-6%). Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) revealed three large deletions on chromosomes (Chrs) 10, 13, and 16 in the mutant, which were confirmed through whole genome sequencing (WGS). A bi-parental population derived from the mutant G15FN-54 and the cultivar Benning was developed to conduct a bulked segregant analysis (BSA) with SoySNP50K BeadChips, revealing that the deletion on Chr 16 might be responsible for the altered phenotype. The mapping result using the bi-parental population confirmed that the deletion on Chr 16 conferred elevated sucrose content and a total of 21 genes are located within this Chr 16 deletion. NIR and high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to confirm the stability of the phenotype across generations in the bi-parental population. The mutation will be useful to understand the genetic control of soybean seed sucrose content.
- Registration of USDA-N6003LP Soybean Germplasm with Low Seed PhytateLee, Sungwoo; Sung, Mikyung; Locke, Anna; Taliercio, Earl; Whetten, Rebecca; Zhang, Bo; Carter, Thomas E., Jr.; Burton, Joseph W.; Mian, M. A. Rouf (2019-09)Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] meal is the main source of protein in poultry and swine rations worldwide. Phytate, the main storage form of phosphorous in soybean meal, is largely indigestible by monogastric animals and, thus, a major concern both for nutrition and for environmental pollution. USDA-N6003LP (Reg. no. GP-435, PI 689999) is a low-phytate (LP) determinate, lodging-resistant early maturity group (MG) VI soybean germplasm developed and released jointly by the USDA-ARS and the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service. USDA-N6003LP is derived from a backcross (BC1) between recurrent parent 'NC-Roy' and LP donor line USDA CX1834. NC-Roy is a high-yielding MG VI cultivar adapted to the southern United States. USDA-N6003LP has 60% lower phytate and 4.8 times higher inorganic phosphorus (Pi) contents in its seed than the seed of NC-Roy. It matures approximately 5 d earlier and has larger seed size and better lodging resistance (P < 0.05) compared with NC-Roy. Across 17 environments in the USDA Uniform Soybean Tests, Southern States and over four local yield trials in North Carolina, USDA-N6003LP yielded 91 and 97% of NC-Roy, respectively. Field emergences of this line in four tests in NC were 79 to 80% compared with 89 to 90% for NC-Roy. USDA-N6003LP is the first early MG VI LP germplasm release with good agronomic performance and relatively normal field emergence. It will be useful as parental stock for soybean breeders interested in developing LP soybean cultivars.
- Soybean Amino Acids in Health, Genetics, and EvaluationSinger, William Monte; Zhang, Bo; Mian, M. A. Rouf; Huan, Haibo (IntechOpen, 2019)Soybean is an important source of protein and amino acids for humans and livestock because of its well-balanced amino acid profile. This chapter outlines the strengths and weaknesses of soybean as a complete amino acid source as well as the relative importance of individual amino acids. Special attention is paid to the sulfur-containing amino acids, methionine and cysteine. Breeding and genetic engineering efforts are summarized to highlight previous accomplishments in amino acid improvement and potential avenues for future research. Agronomic properties and processing methods that affect amino acid levels in soybean food and feed are also explained. A brief introduction into current amino acid evaluation techniques is provided. By understanding the complexities of amino acids in soybean, protein quality for humans and liv estock can be maximized.