Browsing by Author "Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar"

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    Burden of lower respiratory infections in the Eastern Mediterranean Region between 1990 and 2015: findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2015 study
    Mokdad, Ali H.; Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar; El Bcheraoui, Charbel; Charara, Raghid; Khalil, Ibrahim; Afshin, Ashkan; Kassebaum, Nicholas J.; Collison, Michael; Daoud, Farah; Chew, Adrienne; Krohn, Kristopher J.; Colombara, Danny; Ehrenkranz, Rebecca; Foreman, Kyle J.; Frostad, Joseph; Godwin, William W.; Kutz, Michael; Rao, Puja C.; Reiner, Robert; Troeger, Christopher; Wang, Haidong; Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu; Abbas, Kaja M.; Abera, Semaw Ferede; Abu-Raddad, Laith J.; Adane, Kelemework; Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad; Ahmadi, Alireza; Beshir, Muktar; Al-Eyadhy, Ayman; Alam, Khurshid; Alam, Noore; Alasfoor, Deena; Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza; Al-Maskari, Fatma; Al-Raddadi, Rajaa; Alsharif, Ubai; Altirkawi, Khalid A.; Anber, Nahla; Ansari, Hossein; Antonio, Carl Abelardo T.; Anwari, Palwasha; Asayesh, Hamid; Asgedom, Solomon Weldegebreal; Atey, Tesfay Mehari; Arthur, Euripide Frinel G.; Bacha, Umar; Barac, Aleksandra; Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad; Drew, Charles R.; Geffen, David; Bedi, Neeraj; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; Michael, Brauer; Butt, Zahid A.; Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A.; Danawi, Hadi; Djalalinia, Shirin; Endries, Aman Yesuf; Eshrati, Babak; Farvid, Maryam S.; Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad; Fischer, Florian; Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L.; Gebrehiwot, Kiros Tedla; Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde; Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa; Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi; Hambisa, Mitiku Teshome; Hamidi, Samer; Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh; Hedayati, Mohammad T.; Horita, Nobuyuki; Husseini, Abdullatif; Spencer, Lewis James; Javanbakht, Mehdi; Jonas, Jost B.; Kasaeian, Amir; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Khan, Ejaz Ahmad; Khan, Gulfaraz; Khoja, Abdullah Tawfih Abdullah; Khubchandani, Jagdish; Kim, Yun Jin; Kissoon, Niranjan; Larson, Heidi J.; Latif, Asma Abdul; Leshargie, Cheru Tesema; Lunevicius, Raimundas; Abd El Razek, Hassan Magdy; Abd El Razek, Mohammed Magdy; Majdzadeh, Reza; Majeed, Azeem; Malekzadeh, Reza; Farid, Habibolah Masoudi; Mehari, Alem; Memish, Ziad A.; Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese; Mensah, George A.; Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane; Nakamura, Sachiko; Oren, Eyal; Pourmalek, Farshad; Qorbani, Mostafa; Radfar, Amir; Rafay, Anwar; Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa; Rai, Rajesh Kumar; Rawaf, David Laith; Rawaf, Salman; Refaat, Amany H.; Rezaei, Satar; Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh; Roba, Hirbo Shore; Roshandel, Gholamreza; Safdarian, Mahdi; Safiri, Saeid; Sahraian, Mohammad Ali; Salamati, Payman; Samy, Abdallah M.; Sartorius, Benn; Sepanlou, Sadaf G.; Shaikh, Masood Ali; Shamsizadeh, Morteza; Shigematsu, Mika; Singh, Jasvinder A.; Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale; Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash; Temsah, Mohamad-Hani; Topor-Madry, Roman; Uthman, Olalekan A.; Vollset, Stein Emil; Wakayo, Tolassa; Werdecker, Andrea; Wijeratne, Tissa; Yaghoubi, Mohsen; Yimam, Hassen Hamid; Yonemoto, Naohiro; Younis, Mustafa Z.; Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed; Jumaan, Aisha O.; Vos, Theo; Naghavi, Mohsen; Hay, Simon I.; Murray, Christopher J. L. (2018-05)
    We used data from the Global Burden of Disease 2015 study (GBD) to calculate the burden of lower respiratory infections (LRIs) in the 22 countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) from 1990 to 2015. We conducted a systematic analysis of mortality and morbidity data for LRI and its specific etiologic factors, including pneumococcus, Haemophilus influenzae type b, Respiratory syncytial virus, and influenza virus. We used modeling methods to estimate incidence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). We calculated burden attributable to known risk factors for LRI. In 2015, LRIs were the fourth-leading cause of DALYs, causing 11,098,243 (95% UI 9,857,095-12,396,566) DALYs and 191,114 (95% UI 170,934-210,705) deaths. The LRI DALY rates were higher than global estimates in 2015. The highest and lowest age-standardized rates of DALYs were observed in Somalia and Lebanon, respectively. Undernutrition in childhood and ambient particulate matter air pollution in the elderly were the main risk factors. Our findings call for public health strategies to reduce the level of risk factors in each age group, especially vulnerable child and elderly populations.
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    Tracking the impacts of climate change on human health via indicators: lessons from the Lancet Countdown
    Di Napoli, Claudia; McGushin, Alice; Romanello, Marina; Ayeb-Karlsson, Sonja; Cai, Wenjia; Chambers, Jonathan; Dasgupta, Shouro; Escobar, Luis E.; Kelman, Ilan; Kjellstrom, Tord; Kniveton, Dominic; Liu, Yang; Liu, Zhao; Lowe, Rachel; Martinez-Urtaza, Jaime; McMichael, Celia; Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar; Murray, Kris A.; Rabbaniha, Mahnaz; Semenza, Jan C.; Shi, Liuhua; Tabatabaei, Meisam; Trinanes, Joaquin A.; Vu, Bryan N.; Brimicombe, Chloe; Robinson, Elizabeth J. (2022-04-06)
    Background In the past decades, climate change has been impacting human lives and health via extreme weather and climate events and alterations in labour capacity, food security, and the prevalence and geographical distribution of infectious diseases across the globe. Climate change and health indicators (CCHIs) are workable tools designed to capture the complex set of interdependent interactions through which climate change is affecting human health. Since 2015, a novel sub-set of CCHIs, focusing on climate change impacts, exposures, and vulnerability indicators (CCIEVIs) has been developed, refined, and integrated by Working Group 1 of the “Lancet Countdown: Tracking Progress on Health and Climate Change”, an international collaboration across disciplines that include climate, geography, epidemiology, occupation health, and economics. Discussion This research in practice article is a reflective narrative documenting how we have developed CCIEVIs as a discrete set of quantifiable indicators that are updated annually to provide the most recent picture of climate change’s impacts on human health. In our experience, the main challenge was to define globally relevant indicators that also have local relevance and as such can support decision making across multiple spatial scales. We found a hazard, exposure, and vulnerability framework to be effective in this regard. We here describe how we used such a framework to define CCIEVIs based on both data availability and the indicators’ relevance to climate change and human health. We also report on how CCIEVIs have been improved and added to, detailing the underlying data and methods, and in doing so provide the defining quality criteria for Lancet Countdown CCIEVIs. Conclusions Our experience shows that CCIEVIs can effectively contribute to a world-wide monitoring system that aims to track, communicate, and harness evidence on climate-induced health impacts towards effective intervention strategies. An ongoing challenge is how to improve CCIEVIs so that the description of the linkages between climate change and human health can become more and more comprehensive.
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    Trends in HIV/AIDS morbidity and mortality in Eastern Mediterranean countries, 1990-2015: findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2015 study
    Mokdad, Ali H.; El Bcheraoui, Charbel; Wang, Haidong; Charara, Raghid; Khalil, Ibrahim; Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar; Afshin, Ashkan; Collison, Michael; Daoud, Farah; Chew, Adrienne; Krohn, Kristopher J.; Carter, Austin; Foreman, Kyle J.; He, Fei; Kassebaum, Nicholas J.; Kutz, Michael; Mirarefin, Mojde; Nguyen, Grant; Silpakit, Naris; Sligar, Amber; Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu; Abate, Kalkidan Hassen; Abbas, Kaja M.; Abd-Allah, Foad; Abera, Semaw Ferede; Adane, Kelemework; Agarwal, Arnav; Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad; Ahmadi, Alireza; Ahmed, Muktar Beshir; Al Lami, Faris Hasan; Alam, Khurshid; Alasfoor, Deena; Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza; Al-Maskari, Fatma; Al-Raddadi, Rajaa; Altirkawi, Khalid A.; Alvis-Guzman, Nelson; Ammar, Walid; Anber, Nahla; Antonio, Carl Abelardo T.; Anwari, Palwasha; Asayesh, Hamid; Asghar, Rana Jawad; Atey, Tesfay Mehari; Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G. Arthur; Ayele, Tadesse Awoke; Azzopardi, Peter; Bacha, Umar; Barac, Aleksandra; Baernighausen, Till; Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad; Geffen, David; Bedi, Neeraj; Bensenor, Isabela M.; Berhane, Adugnaw; Bessong, Pascal Obong; Beyene, Addisu Shunu; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; Birungi, Charles; Butt, Zahid A.; Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero; Danawi, Hadi; das Neves, Jose; Deribe, Kebede; Deribew, Amare; Jarlais, Don C. Des; Dharmaratne, Samath D.; Djalalinia, Shirin; Doyle, Kerrie E.; Endries, Aman Yesuf; Eshrati, Babak; Faraon, Emerito Jose Aquino; Farvid, Maryam S.; Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad; Feyissa, Tesfaye Regassa; Fischer, Florian; Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L.; Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde; Gesesew, Hailay Abrha; Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo; Glaser, Elizabeth; Gona, Philimon N.; Gugnani, Harish Chander; Gupta, Rahul; Bidgoli, Hassan Haghparast; Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa; Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi; Hambisa, Mitiku Teshome; Hamidi, Samer; Harb, Hilda L.; Hareri, Habtamu Abera; Horita, Nobuyuki; Husseini, Abdullatif; Ibrahim, Ahmed; James, Spencer Lewis; Jonas, Jost B.; Kasaeian, Amir; Kassaw, Nigussie Assefa; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Khan, Ejaz Ahmad; Khan, Gulfaraz; Khoja, Abdullah Tawfih Abdullah; Khubchandani, Jagdish; Kim, Yun Jin; Koyanagi, Ai; Defo, Barthelemy Kuate; Larson, Heidi J.; Latif, Asma Abdul; Leshargie, Cheru Tesema; Lunevicius, Raimundas; Abd El Razek, Mohammed Magdy; Majdzadeh, Reza; Majeed, Azeem; Malekzadeh, Reza; Manyazewal, Tsegahun; Markos, Desalegn; Farid, Habibolah Masoudi; Mehari, Alem; Mekonnen, Alemayehu B.; Memiah, Peter; Memish, Ziad A.; Mendoza, Walter; Mengesha, Melkamu Merid; Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese; Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane; Mhimbira, Francis Apolinary; Miller, Ted R.; Moore, Ami R.; Mumtaz, Ghina R.; Natarajan, Gopalakrishnan; Negin, Joel; Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf; Ogbo, Felix Akpojene; Oh, In-Hwan; Ota, Erika; Pereira, David M.; Pourmalek, Farshad; Qorbani, Mostafa; Radfar, Amir; Rafay, Anwar; Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa; Rai, Rajesh Kumar; Ram, Usha; Rawaf, David Laith; Rawaf, Salman; Renzaho, Andre M. N.; Rezaei, Satar; Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh; Roba, Hirbo Shore; Roshandel, Gholamreza; Safdarian, Mahdi; Safiri, Saeid; Sahraian, Mohammad Ali; Salamati, Payman; Samy, Abdallah M.; Sartorius, Benn; Sepanlou, Sadaf G.; Shaikh, Masood Ali; Shamsizadeh, Morteza; Sibamo, Ephrem Lejore Sibamo; Singh, Jasvinder A.; Sobaih, Badr H. A.; Soshnikov, Sergey; Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale; Sykes, Bryan L.; Taveira, Nuno; Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw; Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash; Tekelab, Tesfalidet; Shifa, Girma Temam; Temsah, Mohamad-Hani; Tesssema, Belay; Topor-Madry, Roman; Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna; Uthman, Olalekan A.; Vollset, Stein Emil; Wadilo, Fiseha; Wakayo, Tolassa; Alebachew, Minyahil; Workicho, Abdulhalik; Workie, Shimelash Bitew; Yaghoubi, Mohsen; Yalew, Ayalnesh Zemene; Yimam, Hassen Hamid; Yonemoto, Naohiro; Yoon, Seok-Jun; Yotebieng, Marcel; Younis, Mustafa Z.; Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed; Jumaan, Aisha O.; Vos, Theo; Hay, Simon I.; Naghavi, Mohsen; Murray, Christopher J. L. (2018-05)
    We used the results of the Global Burden of Disease 2015 study to estimate trends of HIV/AIDS burden in Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) countries between 1990 and 2015. Tailored estimation methods were used to produce final estimates of mortality. Years of life lost (YLLs) were calculated by multiplying the mortality rate by population by age-specific life expectancy. Years lived with disability (YLDs) were computed as the prevalence of a sequela multiplied by its disability weight. In 2015, the rate of HIV/AIDS deaths in the EMR was 1.8 (1.4-2.5) per 100,000 population, a 43% increase from 1990 (0.3; 0.2-0.8). Consequently, the rate of YLLs due to HIV/AIDS increased from 15.3 (7.6-36.2) per 100,000 in 1990 to 81.9 (65.3-114.4) in 2015. The rate of YLDs increased from 1.3 (0.6-3.1) in 1990 to 4.4 (2.7-6.6) in 2015. HIV/AIDS morbidity and mortality increased in the EMR since 1990. To reverse this trend and achieve epidemic control, EMR countries should strengthen HIV surveillance, and scale up HIV antiretroviral therapy and comprehensive prevention services.