Browsing by Author "Poleatewich, A. M."
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- Assessment of application timing of Bacillus spp. to supress pre- and postharvest diseases of applePoleatewich, A. M.; Ngugi, H. K.; Backman, Paul A. (The American Phytopathological Society, 2012)In response to consumer environmental and health concerns concerning chemical pesticides, more attention has been placed on the development of biological control agents for the mitigation of postharvest diseases. However, postharvest biocontrol products are not currently widely used due to variable efficacy. The purpose of this study is to determine the potential effectiveness of certain biological agents (Bacillus spp.) in the control of preharvest (foliar apple scab) and postharvest (bitter rot) diseases in apples. Golden Delicious and Rome Beauty cultivars were assessed weekly for apple scab in a preharvest test. Upon harvest, the apples were wounded and inoculated with bitter rot and monitored over eight days. Treatment groups included: preharvest application of Bacillus spp., no preharvest application, post-harvest application of Bacillus spp., and no postharvest application. Applications of Bacillus spp. In May or May and June reduced apple scab most effectively, while postharvest or postharvest plus preharvest application reduced the size of bitter rot lesions significantly. Additional research is needed to determine the most effective timing and rate of application.
- Detection and expression of enterotoxin genes in endophytic strains of Bacillus cereusMelnick, Rachel L.; Testen, Anna L.; Poleatewich, A. M.; Backman, Paul A.; Bailey, B. A. (Society for Applied Microbiology, 2012-03-06)The aim of this study was to determine whether endophytic Bacillus cereus isolates from agronomic crops possessed genes for the nonhaemolytic enterotoxin (Nhe) and haemolysin BL (HBL) and, therefore, have the potential to cause diarrheal illness in humans.
- Evaluación de bacterias endófitas para el control de enfermedades de importancia económica en papaPlata, G.; Backman, Paul A.; Poleatewich, A. M. (Cochabamba, Bolivia: Revista de Agricultura, 2011)Con el proposito de reducir el uso de plaguicidas al momento de la siembra para el control de rizoctoniasis, roña y costra plateada en el cultivo de papa (Solanum tuberosum), se establecio un ensayo en los invernaderos de la Fundacion PROINPA. Este ensayo se realizo con la variedad Waych'a utilizando tres bacterias endofitas en forma individual o combinada. Se trabajo con un sustrato de campo naturalmente infestado, el cual fue mezclado con tierra esterilizada en una relacion de 1:9. Los tubérculos fueron tratados antes de la siembra con las suspensiones de bacterias a una concentración de 1x10^(8) ucf/ml y un testigo quimico (Dividend cuyo ingrediente activo es el Difenoconazole). Ninguno de los tratamientos evaluados control la costar plateada. En el caso de roña, el único control eficiente, fue el tratamiento con el fungicida sintético Difenoconazole (nombre commercial: Dividentd) y para rizoctoniasis los mejores tratamientos fueron las bacterias endófitas GB 03 y GB 34. Probablemente, por alguna interacción entre ellos (competencia), la mezcia de ambas bacterias no m ostró la misma eficiencia que cuando se las evaluó independientemente.
- Evaluación de bacterias endófitas para el control de enfermedades foliares en habaPlata, G.; Backman, Paul A.; Poleatewich, A. M. (Cochabamba, Bolivia: Revista de Agricultura, 2011)En la busqueda de alternativas amigables con el medio ambiente que controlen manchas foliares en el cultivo de haba, se realizó un ensayo en invernadero utilizando bacterias endófitas del género Bacillus sp.
- Field evaluation of endophytes for management of witches' broom on cacaoMelnick, Rachel L.; Poleatewich, A. M. (2008)This Penn State study examines the effectiveness of endophytic bacteria on cacoa trees as a biocontrol agent for witches' broom. The study involved field trials on seedlings with various levels of susceptibility. The application of bacteria was found to be most effective for tolerant genotype seedlings, but was not statistically significant for highly resistant strains.