Browsing by Author "Rosenthal, Steven L."
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- Echocardiographic and electrocardiographic evaluation of North American Irish WolfhoundsTyrrell, William D., Jr.; Abbott, Jonathan A.; Rosenthal, Steven L.; Dentino, Mariellen; Abrams, Frances (2020-03)Background Cardiac disease is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in Irish Wolfhounds (IWs), but its prevalence and clinical characteristics in North American IWs are incompletely described. Hypothesis/Objectives That atrial fibrillation (AF) is a diagnostic marker of echocardiographic abnormalities, and that clinical characteristics predict development of IW cardiomyopathy (IWCM). To define the prevalence of arrhythmias and echocardiographic abnormalities in North American IWs. Animals Six hundred and forty-five adult IWs presented for screening examinations intended to identify familial cardiac disease. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, reference intervals defined based on echocardiographic data from IW classified as normal, were used to define the prevalence of structural and functional abnormalities. A logistic model was developed to identify clinical findings that predict future development of IWCM. Results The prevalence of AF was 8.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.6-11.2) of which 55.5% had echocardiographic abnormalities. IWCM defined by left atrial enlargement, left ventricular dilatation, and systolic dysfunction had a prevalence of 1.8% (0.72-2.8). Positive and negative likelihood ratios for AF in the identification of IWCM were, respectively, 10.8 (7.29-16) and 0.2 (0.06-0.69). Multivariable logistic regression identified AF (odds ratio [OR]; 10.6, 95% CI, 2.67-42.3) and male sex (OR; 3.8, 95% CI, 1.02-14) as predictors of future development of IWCM. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Atrial fibrillation is common in North American IW. It occurs in association with structural cardiac disease but also in its absence. Irish Wolfhounds cardiomyopathy is characterized by chamber enlargement but minimally decreased ejection phase indices of myocardial function. Atrial fibrillation is a risk factor for future development of IWCM.
- Temporal changes in clinical and radiographic variables in dogs with preclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease: The EPIC studyBoswood, Adrian; Gordon, Sonya G.; Haggstrom, Jens; Vanselow, Martin; Wess, Gerhard; Stepien, Rebecca L.; Oyama, Mark A.; Keene, Bruce W.; Bonagura, John; MacDonald, Kristin A.; Patteson, Mark; Smith, Sarah; Fox, Philip R.; Sanderson, Karen; Woolley, Richard; Szatmari, Viktor; Menaut, Pierre; Church, Whitney M.; O'Sullivan, M. Lynne; Jaudon, Jean-Philippe; Kresken, Jan-Gerd; Rush, John; Barrett, Kirstie A.; Rosenthal, Steven L.; Saunders, Ashley B.; Ljungvall, Ingrid; Deinert, Michael; Bomassi, Eric; Estrada, Amara H.; Fernandez Del Palacio, Maria J.; Moise, N. Sydney; Abbott, Jonathan A.; Fujii, Yoko; Spier, Alan; Luethy, Michael W.; Santilli, Roberto A.; Uechi, Masami; Tidholm, Anna; Schummer, Christoph; Watson, Philip (2020-02)Background The Evaluation of pimobendan in dogs with cardiomegaly caused by preclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease (EPIC) study monitored dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) as they developed congestive heart failure (CHF). Objectives To describe the changes in clinical and radiographic variables occurring as dogs with MMVD and cardiomegaly develop CHF, compared to similar dogs that do not develop CHF. Animals One hundred and thirty-five, and 73 dogs that did or did not develop CHF, respectively. Materials and methods The following variables were evaluated in 2 groups of dogs (dogs that did or did not develop CHF): Heart rate (HR), clinic respiratory rate (RR), home-measured resting respiratory rate (RRR), rectal temperature (RT), body weight (BW), and vertebral heart sum (VHS). Absolute value and rate of change of each variable were calculated for each day a dog was in study. Daily means were calculated and plotted against time. The onset of CHF or last visit before leaving the study were set as reference time points. Results The most extreme values and rate of change occurred in variables immediately before onset of CHF. Vertebral heart sum increased earliest. Heart rate, RR, and RRR also increased. Rectal temperature and BW decreased. Increases in RR and RRR were most extreme and occurred immediately before CHF. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Dogs with MMVD and cardiomegaly experience increases in HR, RR, RRR, and VHS, and decreases in BW and RT as they develop CHF. The variables with highest absolute change and rate of change were RR and RRR. These findings reinforce the value of RR and RRR as indicators of impending or incipient CHF.