Browsing by Author "Schmutz, Jeremy"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Thumbnail Image
    Identification, characterization, and gene expression analysis of nucleotide binding site (NB)-type resistance gene homologues in switchgrass
    Frazier, Taylor P.; Palmer, Nathan A.; Xie, Fuliang; Tobias, Christian M.; Donze-Reiner, Teresa J.; Bombarely, Aureliano; Childs, Kevin L.; Shu, Shengqiang; Jenkins, Jerry W.; Schmutz, Jeremy; Zhang, Baohong; Sarath, Gautam; Zhao, Bingyu Y. (2016-11-08)
    BACKGROUND: Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a warm-season perennial grass that can be used as a second generation bioenergy crop. However, foliar fungal pathogens, like switchgrass rust, have the potential to significantly reduce switchgrass biomass yield. Despite its importance as a prominent bioenergy crop, a genome-wide comprehensive analysis of NB-LRR disease resistance genes has yet to be performed in switchgrass. RESULTS: In this study, we used a homology-based computational approach to identify 1011 potential NB-LRR resistance gene homologs (RGHs) in the switchgrass genome (v 1.1). In addition, we identified 40 RGHs that potentially contain unique domains including major sperm protein domain, jacalin-like binding domain, calmodulin-like binding, and thioredoxin. RNA-sequencing analysis of leaf tissue from 'Alamo', a rust-resistant switchgrass cultivar, and 'Dacotah', a rust-susceptible switchgrass cultivar, identified 2634 high quality variants in the RGHs between the two cultivars. RNA-sequencing data from field-grown cultivar 'Summer' plants indicated that the expression of some of these RGHs was developmentally regulated. CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide useful insight into the molecular structure, distribution, and expression patterns of members of the NB-LRR gene family in switchgrass. These results also provide a foundation for future work aimed at elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying disease resistance in this important bioenergy crop.
  • Thumbnail Image
    JGI Plant Gene Atlas: an updateable transcriptome resource to improve functional gene descriptions across the plant kingdom
    Sreedasyam, Avinash; Plott, Christopher; Hossain, Md Shakhawat; Lovell, John T.; Grimwood, Jane; Jenkins, Jerry W.; Daum, Christopher; Barry, Kerrie; Carlson, Joseph; Shu, Shengqiang; Phillips, Jeremy; Amirebrahimi, Mojgan; Zane, Matthew; Wang, Mei; Goodstein, David; Haas, Fabian B.; Hiss, Manuel; Perroud, Pierre-Francois; Jawdy, Sara S.; Yang, Yongil; Hu, Rongbin; Johnson, Jenifer; Kropat, Janette; Gallaher, Sean D.; Lipzen, Anna; Shakirov, Eugene; Weng, Xiaoyu; Torres-Jerez, Ivone; Weers, Brock; Conde, Daniel; Pappas, Marilia R.; Liu, Lifeng; Muchlinski, Andrew; Jiang, Hui; Shyu, Christine; Huang, Pu; Sebastian, Jose; Laiben, Carol; Medlin, Alyssa; Carey, Sankalpi; Carrell, Alyssa A.; Chen, Jin-Gui; Perales, Mariano; Swaminathan, Kankshita; Allona, Isabel; Grattapaglia, Dario; Cooper, Elizabeth A.; Tholl, Dorothea; Vogel, John P.; Weston, David J.; Yang, Xiaohan; Brutnell, Thomas P.; Kellogg, Elizabeth A.; Baxter, Ivan; Udvardi, Michael; Tang, Yuhong; Mockler, Todd C.; Juenger, Thomas E.; Mullet, John; Rensing, Stefan A.; Tuskan, Gerald A.; Merchant, Sabeeha S.; Stacey, Gary; Schmutz, Jeremy (Oxford University Press, 2023-08-01)
    Gene functional descriptions offer a crucial line of evidence for candidate genes underlying trait variation. Conversely, plant responses to environmental cues represent important resources to decipher gene function and subsequently provide molecular targets for plant improvement through gene editing. However, biological roles of large proportions of genes across the plant phylogeny are poorly annotated. Here we describe the Joint Genome Institute (JGI) Plant Gene Atlas, an updateable data resource consisting of transcript abundance assays spanning 18 diverse species. To integrate across these diverse genotypes, we analyzed expression profiles, built gene clusters that exhibited tissue/condition specific expression, and tested for transcriptional response to environmental queues. We discovered extensive phylogenetically constrained and condition-specific expression profiles for genes without any previously documented functional annotation. Such conserved expression patterns and tightly co-expressed gene clusters let us assign expression derived additional biological information to 64 495 genes with otherwise unknown functions. The ever-expanding Gene Atlas resource is available at JGI Plant Gene Atlas (https://plantgeneatlas.jgi.doe.gov) and Phytozome (https://phytozome.jgi.doe.gov/), providing bulk access to data and user-specified queries of gene sets. Combined, these web interfaces let users access differentially expressed genes, track orthologs across the Gene Atlas plants, graphically represent co-expressed genes, and visualize gene ontology and pathway enrichments.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Optimizing genomic selection for blight resistance in American chestnut backcross populations: A trade‐off with American chestnut ancestry implies resistance is polygenic
    Westbrook, Jared W.; Zhang, Qian; Mandal, Mihir Kumar; Jenkins, Eric V.; Barth, Laura E.; Jenkins, Jerry W.; Grimwood, Jane; Schmutz, Jeremy; Holliday, Jason A. (Wiley, 2019-10-02)
    American chestnut was once a foundation species of eastern North American forests, but was rendered functionally extinct in the early 20th century by an exotic fungal blight (Cryphonectria parasitica). Over the past 30 years, the American Chestnut Foundation (TACF) has pursued backcross breeding to generate hybrids that combine the timber‐type form of American chestnut with the blight resistance of Chinese chestnut based on a hypothesis of major gene resistance. To accelerate selection within two backcross populations that descended from two Chinese chestnuts, we developed genomic prediction models for five presence/absence blight phenotypes of 1,230 BC₃F₂ selection candidates and average canker severity of their BC₃F₃ progeny. We also genotyped pure Chinese and American chestnut reference panels to estimate the proportion of BC₃F₂ genomes inherited from parent species. We found that genomic prediction from a method that assumes an infinitesimal model of inheritance (HBLUP) has similar accuracy to a method that tends to perform well for traits controlled by major genes (Bayes C). Furthermore, the proportion of BC₃F₂ trees' genomes inherited from American chestnut was negatively correlated with the blight resistance of these trees and their progeny. On average, selected BC₃F₂ trees inherited 83% of their genome from American chestnut and have blight resistance that is intermediate between F₁ hybrids and American chestnut. Results suggest polygenic inheritance of blight resistance. The blight resistance of restoration populations will be enhanced through recurrent selection, by advancing additional sources of resistance through fewer backcross generations, and by potentially by breeding with transgenic blight‐tolerant trees.