Browsing by Author "Schulz, Jonathan Edward"

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    Designing Effective Professional Development for Teaching Students in Poverty:  Impact on Teacher Beliefs and Classroom Practice
    Wickham, Barbara Martin (Virginia Tech, 2020-04-03)
    Poverty has a consequential impact on student achievement. The No Child Left Behind Act and more recently the Every Student Succeeds Act put pressure on educators to close the achievement gap that exists for economically disadvantaged students. While this gap remains, high-poverty, high-achieving schools do exist. The purpose of this study was to discern the impact of practitioner-designed professional development (PD) on teacher beliefs about students from poverty. This study focused on the creation and implementation of PD designed to help teachers explore their beliefs, and investigated whether these beliefs changed after teachers received PD addressing teaching students from poverty. This PD was based on research from multiple studies on educators' perspectives and effective teaching strategies for poor students. The study was conducted using action research, with a mixed-methods approach, incorporating the quantitative analysis of surveys and the qualitative analysis of professional learning experiences and interviews. Findings from the study indicate that practitioner-designed PD can impact teachers' beliefs and lead to changes in their instructional practices. This research could provide guidance for school administrators and higher education leaders who seek to develop and implement PD that addresses teaching students in poverty.
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    Promoting Teaching as Design in Elementary Mathematics: Exploring the Potential of Curriculum Support Materials
    Schulz, Jonathan Edward (Virginia Tech, 2011-11-18)
    This design research study explored the potential of Curriculum Support Materials for promoting teaching as design. Conducted over a four-month period, the study traced the design, development, and pilot testing of a web site intended to serve as a professional development resource for teachers. The purpose of this exploratory study was to evaluate the web site's potential for promoting elementary mathematics teachers' understanding of teaching as a design activity and for supporting teachers in engaging in teaching as design. A team of four second grade teachers tested the web site during a two-week pilot unit on introducing the concepts of multiplication and division. Qualitative data were collected from these teachers through a planning and teaching log, a post-unit questionnaire, and a post-unit focus group interview. The findings indicated that the web site had the potential to promote teachers' understanding of teaching as design, but that the web site's potential as a stand-alone resource for supporting teachers in engaging in teaching as design was limited. Two specific features of the web site, the Unit Checklist and the videos addressing the related mathematics content, were identified as potentially valuable resources that could be incorporated into an ongoing professional development experience. Suggestions for revisions to the web site are discussed along with recommendations for further study.