Browsing by Author "Wells, Robert Ferrell"

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    Application of the principle of minimization of entropy in the achievement of steady-state solutions for dynamic systems
    Wells, Robert Ferrell (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1975)
    The “Limits to Growth” controversy has identified attainment of a steady-state world system as an essential goal for human culture. This study investigates implications of steady-state systems using principles of thermodynamics in conjunction with Systems Dynamics simulation techniques. Evaluation of Forrester’s World Dynamics model shows it to degenerate in accordance with the dictates of the Second Law of Thormodync.mics. Two fundamental policy criteria are established for world society: 1. Maximization of the future horizon for mankind. 2. Satisfaction of basic quality-of-life requirements for all of mankind. Optimization principles for satisfaction of these criteria are derived from interrelationships found to exist between three physical laws (Einstein’s relativistic mass-energy and the First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics), non-equilibrium thermodynamics (Prlgogine’s Theorem of Minimum Entropy Production as the defining condition for a steady-state system) and a cultural law (the Golden Rule). Policy based on the Principles of Minimization of Entropy and Cooperative Behavior are presented as the optimal means for defining, achieving and maintaining long-term steady-state systems both locally and globally. It is shown that the “Golden Rule” shares with the thermodynamic concept of equilibrium the defining mechanism of “reversibility” (synonyms: reciprocity, self-returning, “frictionless”, ideal efficiency, etc.). This common criterion allows both concepts to be used as unambiguous, perfect standards for determining the relative effectiveness of actual performance (one in terms of cultural behavior and the other in terms of physical behavior). Recognition of this relationship (which reflects the fundamental tendency of natural systems to seek optimal stability conditions in the most efficient manner) is advanced as a means for achieving optimal steady-state solutions for complex cultural- physical systems; specifically: 1. Use the Principle of Minimization of Entropy (with respect to the equilibrium standard) when making decisions that essentially involve physical behavior. 2. Use the Principle of Cooperative Behavior (with respect to the Golden Rule standard) when making decisions that essentially involve cultural behavior. The effects of these policies are identical: the minimization of system “friction”; or, conversely, the maximation of system “welfare”. These principles are embedded as policy tables in Forrester’s World Dynamics model and used to demonstrate the conceptual feasibility of achieving truly long-term steady-state solutions satisfying desirable quality-of-life goals. In order to demonstrate the practical potential of such policies, the Principle of Minimization of Entropy is related to the engineering concept of Thermodynamic Analysis and advanced a method for evaluating Total Energy Systems. Two application schemes are presented as examples which represent the range of both Total Energy System technology and analytical procedure: 1. A manually calculated Decision Tree Analysis for a Wind Source Total Energy System emphasizing simple technology that can be immediately utilized world-wide (using indigenous “self-help” labor and materials) to satisfy small scale “biotechnic" community needs. 2. A DYNAMO simulation model for a Laser-Fusion Total Energy System offering the ultimate range in resource management technology needed to support complex, large-scale communities. The study is closed with a suggested subject for further research: development of an “Evolutionary Dynamics” model based on Prigogine’s thermodynamic concepts for “open” systems.