Browsing by Author "White, Harlan E."

Now showing 1 - 16 of 16
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    Controlled Grazing of Virginia's Pastures
    White, Harlan E.; Wolf, Dale D. (Virginia Cooperative Extension, 2009)
    A primary goal of livestock producers should be to utilize grazed forage for as many months of the year as possible while minimizing the need for stored feed.
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    Corn Silage, Alfalfa Hay, and the Dairyman
    White, Harlan E. (Virginia Cooperative Extension Service, 1967-07)
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    Corn Silage, Alfalfa Hay, and the Dairyman
    White, Harlan E. (Virginia Cooperative Extension Service, 1970-02)
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    Crop residue feeds for beef cattle
    Gerken, Hubert J. Jr.; Eller, Arthur L. Jr.; Smith, Easley S.; White, Harlan E. (Virginia Cooperative Extension, 1992)
    Discusses various crop residue that can be used as low-cost feeds for beef cattle.
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    Dairy loafing lot rotational management system
    Swisher, Jerry M., 1949-; White, Harlan E.; Carr, Scott B., 1934- (Virginia Cooperative Extension, 1994)
    Discusses the benefits and concerns of a dairy "loafing lot". Describes how to develop a loafing lot and management of the lot by rotation.
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    Digestibility and apparent mineral utilization by Arabian geldings fed alfalfa, tall fescue, and Caucasian bluestem
    Crozier, Jennifer Anderson (Virginia Tech, 1994-08-05)
    Three palatability and digestion trials were conducted with six Arabian geldings fed alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), endophyte-free tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), and Caucasian bluestem (Bothriochloa caucasica (Trin.) C.E. Hubbard) as hay to determine nutritional value of the hays for horses at maintenance in a Latin Square designed experiment. Alfalfa had higher (P < .01) dry matter digestibility, and voluntary intake, compared to grasses. Tall fescue and Caucasian bluestem did not differ in dry matter digestibility and voluntary intake. Feeding alfalfa resulted in higher (P < .05) intake and digestibility of CP and higher (P < .05) apparent absorption of Ca, P, K, and S, compared to the grass hays. Tall fescue was higher (P < .01) in CP concentration and digestibility, total nonstructural carbohydrate concentration, and apparent absorption of Mg and S, compared to Caucasian bluestem. Caucasian bluestem was higher (P < .05) in Zn compared to tall fescue. At the end of the palatability trials, horses fed alfalfa had higher serum concentrations of blood urea nitrogen, vitamin A, and serum P, S, and Cu, compared to horses fed grasses. Serum Zn was higher (P < .05) and Se tended to be higher (P < .06) in horses fed Caucasian bluestem, compared to tall fescue. All forages were below the recommended dietary Cu and P concentration but only Caucasian bluestem resulted in negative apparent P absorption. Caucasian bluestem would meet most nutrient requirements for horses at maintenance. Alfalfa supplied more crude protein, Ca, Mg, and K than was required by horses at maintenance.
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    Fall and spring broccoli yields and weed control under no-till and conventional tillage with overseeded legume living mulches
    Infante, Michelle Louise (Virginia Tech, 1994-11-21)
    Experiments were conducted with 'BigSur' broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica Plenck) at two sites in fall of 1993 and at two sites in the spring of 1994 on a Hayter loam in southwestern Virginia. Objectives were to determine the tillage main-plot (CT = conventional tillage, and NT = no-tillage) and weed-control subplot (C = no overseeding or preemergent herbicide; HB = oxyfluorfen; RC = red clover (Trifolium pratense L.); WC = Dutch white clover (Trifolium repens L.); and HV = hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) effects on broccoli yield and weed suppression. At all sites, marketable broccoli yield was equal or higher in NT than CT and was unaffected by overseeded legume living mulches. Overseeded legumes suppressed weeds as well as the HB in three of the four sites. These data show that the NT systems used in these experiments can suppress weeds and produce high broccoli yields and that overseeded legume living mulches can be effectively established after transplanting to suppress weeds without reducing broccoli yield.
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    Managing Virginia's Steep Pastures
    White, Harlan E. (Virginia Cooperative Extension, 2009)
    Virginia has about 1.5 million acres of steep pastures. Sound planning and excellent judgment are required to manage these pastures to provide year-round quality grazing.
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    Managing Virginia's steep pastures
    White, Harlan E. (Virginia Cooperative Extension, 2000)
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    No-till establishment of switchgrass and Caucasian bluestem
    McKenna, James R. (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1988)
    Cool-season perennial grass growth is suppressed during hot, dry summers. This "summer slump" reduces the availability of grazable forage. Tall-growing perennial warm-season grasses that produce 65 to 75% of their yield in midsummer may provide needed herbage during this period of reduced cool-season forage production. However, establishment of perennial warm-season species is slow and inconsistent when compared to cool-season species. Before these warm-season species can be relied on for summer forage production, a successful establishment methodology must be developed. A study was conducted to evaluate the influence of atrazine [2-chloro·4(ethylarnino)-s-triazine] and carbofuran on establishment of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) and Caucasian bluestem [Boyhtiochloa caucasica (Trin.) C. E. Hubbard]. Treatments of carbofuran at 0 and 1.1 atrazine/ha placed in the row with the seed and of atrazine broadcast at 0, 1.1, and 2.2 kg/ha were imposed in all possible combinations. Another study investigated the influence of limestone, P, and carbofuran on the establishment of switchgrass. Treatments included carbofuran at 0 and 1.1 kg/ha, limestone at 0 and 4.48 Mg/ha, and P at 0 and 22 kg/ha in all possible combinations. Seedling growth rate, leaf appearance rate, plant height, and leaf elongation rate (LER) of seedlings were recorded. Seedling weight and populations were determined at the sixth leaf stage of development. Yields of forage and botanical compositions were also measured in the establishment year. Establishment was further evaluated with yield measurements the year after seeding. Carbofuran application increased first year yield, seedling weight, population, leaf appearance rate, and seedling growth rate. Atrazine reduced seedling population, weight, leaf appearance rate, LER, and yield. Carbofuran partially moderated atrazine influence. The 2.2 kg rate of atrazine tended to injure the switchgrass more than the Caucasian bluestem. In the study investigating limestone and P, carbofuran increased yield, seedling weight, seedling population, LER, seedling growth rate, and leaf appearance rate. The greatest yield, leaf appearance rate, and LER occurred with applications ofP and carbofuran. Even though initial soil pH was 5.1, limestone broadcast prior to planting did not influence seedling measurements and yields in either year. These plantings were made during 1985 and 1986, which were the driest summers in recent years. In spite of the moisture stress, acceptable stands of perennial warm·season grasses were established in both experiments in both years. Including 1.1 kg granular carbofuran/ha in the row, and broadcast application of 1.1 kg atrazine/ha at planting will improve establishment of perennial warm·season grasses. Where the P levels in the soil are low, a broadcast application of 22 kg P/ha improves chances for successful establishment.
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    No-Till Seeding of Forage Grasses and Legumes
    Smith, S. Ray; White, Harlan E.; Hagood, Edward S.; Wolf, Dale D.; Repair, Jon P. (Virginia Cooperative Extension, 2009)
    No-till seeding of forage grasses and legumes can be successful and has become an accepted practice. No-till seeding methods require less time and fuel than traditional methods.
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    Planting and managing Bermudagrass for forage
    White, Harlan E. (Virginia Cooperative Extension, 1994)
    Discusses planting and managing of Bermudagrass as forage in Virginia.
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    Productivity and quality of tall fescue and switchgrass under two harvest managements and different harvest intensities
    Ball, Dale Warren (Virginia Tech, 1990-07-10)
    Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) often becomes dormant in the hot summer months. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) has potential to supplement the limited carrying capacity of tall fescue in mid-summer. The objective of this study was to determine the seasonal dry matter distribution and quality of tall fescue and switchgrass as influenced by different harvest managements. Switchgrass and tall fescue were studied on a fine-loamy, mixed, mesic Ultic Hapludalf of the Duffield soil series at Blacksburg, VA during 1987 and 1988. Normal harvest management included harvests taken from the first growth in spring until mid to late August. Delayed management included harvests taken from regrowth after a hay crop in mid-May for tall fescue and early June for switchgrass until mid to late August. Three and four harvest intensities were imposed on tall fescue and switchgrass, respectively. Plots were harvested in 1989 to determine the accumulative influence of treatments. Yield, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and invitro dry matter digestibility were measured for each harvest of both species. Digestible yield and protein were calculated for each harvest. Clipping either switchgrass or tall fescue at any harvest intensity reduced potential yield compared to forage not clipped. Accumulated forage resulted in high yields but unsatisfactory quality. Delayed harvest management resulted in higher total yield than normal harvest management because of high hay yields. This study indicated that considerable overlap of forage production of tall fescue and switch grass occurred in late spring but abundant high quality switchgrass was available in midsummer when available tall fescue was low. Switchgrass warrants consideration in southwest Virginia as a solution to the problem of limited cool-season forage in midsummer.
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    Small Grain for Silage
    Murley, W. Ray; Carr, Scott B., 1934-; Polan, Carl E.; White, Harlan E. (Virginia Cooperative Extension Service, 1970-03)
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    Sudangrass sorghum-sudangrass hybrids pearl millet: for summer forage
    White, Harlan E. (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Extension Division, 1979-01)
    Sundangrass, sorghum-sudangrass hybrids and peal millet can be used to graze animals in the summer months
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    The Virginia alfalfa variety report : a 5-year summary (1995-1999)
    Peterson, Paul R.; Starner, David E.; Wilkinson, W. B.; Dixon, Denton R.; Hutton, Steve; Benson, Gordon B.; White, Harlan E. (Virginia Cooperative Extension, 2000)