In the Indo-Gangetic plains of India, labor scarcity, energy constraints, and rising input costs, combined with needs for increased yields are driving interest in alternatives to the predominant rice-wheat cropping system. This paper describes the performance of four cereal cropping systems in the first two years of a large-scale production-level experimental research platform. The study was conducted at the Central Soil Salinity Research Institute (CSSRI), in Karnal, Haryana, India. The results show positive impacts of conservation agriculture on yield, water use, water productivity, and profitability.